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TiO2 Rutile phase formed interlayers by sintering mono phasic bioceramics for Biomedical applications
摘要： The formation of rutile TiO2 phase in nanoHydroxyapatite(nanoHAP) coated titanium metal (nanHAP- TiO2-Ti) is reported. This work is mainly emphasized in order to enhance the corrosion protection performance, osseointegration and biocompatibility. The optimized potential of nanoHAP coated titanium using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was found to be 80 V and 3 minutes. The coated samples were sintered in air at various sintering temperatures from 600 to 900°C for 1 hour. The crystallinity, vibrational states, surface morphology and surface topography were characterized by XRD, Raman, FESEM with EDAX and AFM studies respectively. In the present work, investigations on the corrosion behavior of sintered sample in Ringer’s solution by means of electrochemical studies using Open Circuit Potential (OCP), Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopic(EIS) and anodic polarization studies were carried out. The electrochemical studies exhibited an enhanced corrosion resistant behaviour towards nanoHAP coated titanium sintered at 800oC with complete rutile TiO2 phase formation. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies of the coated materials were carried out by MTT assay and cell attachment with osteoblast cells. These studies revealed an enhanced cell attachment and proliferation on the composite layer compared to uncoated metal, which controlled the release of metal ions into the biological system.
关键词： Biocompatibility,nanHAP- TiO2-Ti,EPD,EIS,Sintering
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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Electrochemical and surface deformation studies on electrodeposited nanostructured Bi2Te3 thin films
摘要： In this article, we have used double exposure digital holographic interferometry (DEDHI) technique for surface deformation study and hologram recording during synthesis of the Bi2Te3 thin films by electrodeposition method. The synthesized Bi2Te3 thin films were characterized structural, morphological, electrochemical, wettability and surface deformation study. Further the holograms are recorded during the electrodeposition process by varying the concentration of electrolyte. From the recorded fringes the stress, deposited mass and thickness have been calculated. It is observed that the fringe width, mass of deposited thin films, and stress to substrate changes with the concentration of electrolyte. The DEDHI technique is found more reliable for thickness measurement in electrodeposition process. The EIS study confirms that the deposited material is highly conducting.
关键词： Bi2Te3,EIS,Holography,DEDHI,Electrochemical properties,Electrodeposition
更新于2025-11-14 15:16:37
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Visible light active CZTS sensitized CdS/TiO2 tandem photoanode for highly efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation
摘要： A tandem photoanode consisting of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles layer over CdS/TiO2 heterostructure thin film on FTO substrate has been fabricated for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation. CdS thin film has been deposited by chemical bath deposition over the spin-coated TiO2 thin film, which is followed by the deposition of CZTS nanoparticles layer by spray coating technique resulting in a CZTS/CdS/TiO2/FTO photoanode. The coating of CZTS nanoparticles layer over CdS/TiO2 films resulted in the tandem structure of different band level positions, which enhances the optical absorption in the visible region and also leads to higher separation of the photogenerated charge carriers. A substantial enhancement (39 times) in the PEC activity has been demonstrated for the CZTS/CdS/TiO2/FTO photoanode as compared to TiO2/FTO photoanode, which is due to cascade band gap from 3.2 eV to 1.7 eV and formation of heterojunction at interfaces. The enhancement in the charge transport properties of CZTS/CdS/TiO2/FTO photoanode has been confirmed from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement. The EIS results confirm that the CZTS/CdS/TiO2/FTO photoanode exhibited lowest charge transfer resistance (Rct = 302 Ω/cm2) as compared to CdS/TiO2 (Rct = 615 Ω/cm2) and TiO2 (Rct = 1700 Ω/cm2) photoanode. A mechanism depicting the enhanced the performance of photoelectrochemical (PEC) CZTS/CdS/TiO2/FTO photoanode has been proposed.
关键词： EIS,Hydrothermal,PEC,Hydrogen generation,CZTS nanoparticles
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Influence of thermal oxidation temperature on the microstructure and photoelectrochemical properties of ZnO nanostructures fabricated on the zinc scraps
摘要： In this paper, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires were synthesized by thermal oxidation method of zinc scrap at various temperatures ranging between 400 °C and 900 °C under air atmosphere. The influence of different temperature on the phase structures, surface morphologies and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of ZnO nanowires were investigated. The characterizations were carried out via X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The results showed that annealing temperature played a significant role on surface morphology and phase structure. The band gap energy of the ZnO nanowires changed between 3.12 and 3.194 eV. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) study of the ZnO nanowires was investigated in 0.1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution. The PEC findings represented that the ZnO nanowire annealed at 600 °C had 252.2 mA/cm2 net photocurrent density which was the best efficiency and at least 10 times higher than that of the lowest one at 1.25 V (vs. VRHE). Mott-Schottky analysis showed that the ZnO nanowires behaved as n-type semiconductor. ZnO nanowire annealed at 600 °C had the highest carrier density value (Nd = 9.03 × 10^23). Moreover, the charge transfer behavior of the ZnO nanowires was determined by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. As a result, this work recommends that the ZnO nanowires could be good candidate on PEC applications. Also, thermal oxidation method is an efficient method for fabrication of ZnO nanowires.
关键词： Thermal oxidation,Zn scrap,Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),ZnO nanowires,Photoelectrochemical (PEC)
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Advanced Coating Materials || Anodic Oxide Nanostructures: Theories of Anodic Nanostructure Self-Organization
摘要： This chapter reviews the morphologies, growth kinetics, and theories of growth kinetics of anodic oxide films. Experimentally, it is possible to control the growth conditions of these films to yield several distinct morphologies, including orderly arranged nanoporous and nanotubular films. Fundamental processes that lead to self-ordering of nanoscale features, including interfacial reactions, ionic transport, stress generation, and space charge accumulation, are discussed. Various theories are included to explain the growth mechanism of oxide film.
关键词： barrier film,Anodic oxide film,porous film,EIS,anodization
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Effect of Nb-doping on the structural and electrical properties of Ba0.97La0.02Ti1-xNb4x/5O3 ceramics at room temperature synthesized by molten-salt method
摘要： We, herein, report on the structural and electrical properties of Ba0,97La0.02Ti1-xNb4x/5O3 ceramics prepared by the molten-salt method. The XRD patterns of the samples at room temperature showed a single perovskite phase having a tetragonal structure with a P4/mmm space group. The electrical properties were studied by complex impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range (1–107Hz) at room temperature. The real and imaginary parts of impedance decreased with increasing Nb concentration. The complex impedance plot exhibited a single impedance semicircle for each compound, identified over the high and medium frequencies followed by a linear section, at low frequency, is explained by Warburg’s element. The study of the normalization curves of impedance and electrical modulus showed a mismatch of both peaks, which suggests the presence of short-range motion of charge carriers. The electrical conductivity decreased with increasing niobium amount and the experimental data were fitted using Jonscher’s universal power law. The exponent n is slightly superior to 1, indicating that the hopping occurs between neighboring sites.
关键词： molten-salt,conductivity,Ba0.97La0.02Ti1-xNb4x/5O3,EIS spectrum,impedance spectroscopy,Warburg element
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effect of tantalum content on the structural properties and sensing performance of YbTaxOy electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor pH sensors
摘要： In this work, we developed YbTaxOy sensing membranes displaying super-Nernstian pH-sensitivity for use in electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) pH sensors. We examined the effect of tantalum content on the structural properties and sensing characteristics of the YbTaxOy sensing membranes deposited through reactive co-sputtering onto Si substrates. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the structural, morphological, depth, and chemical features, respectively, of these YbTaxOy films prepared under various Ta plasma power conditions (from 80 to 160 W). Among the tested systems, the YbTaxOy EIS device prepared at the 120 W condition exhibited the super-Nernstian sensitivity (70.24 mV/pH), the lowest hysteresis voltage (1.5 mV), and the lowest drift rate (0.26 mV/h). Presumably, this condition optimized the stoichiometry of YbTaO4 in the film and its surface roughness while reducing the crystal defect and suppressing silicate formation at the YbTaxOy-Si interface. The super-Nernstian pH-sensitivity may be attributed to the incorporation of Ta ions in the Yb2O3 forming a YbTaO4 stoichiometric film, enhancing a change in oxidation state of Yb from trivalent ion to bivalent ion and thus transferring one electron to two protons in the redox reaction.
关键词： Electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS),Sensing characteristics,Plasma power,pH sensitivity,YbTaxOy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Optical, Structural and Electrical Studies of Biopolymer Electrolytes Based on Methylcellulose Doped with Ca(NO <sub/>3</sub> ) <sub/>2</sub>
摘要： The intention of this research is to study effect of the different weight percent (wt%) of calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2 (CN) salt into biopolymer of Methylcellulose (MC). MC-CN solid biopolymer electrolyte was prepared by using casting technique. The concentrations of CN salt were prepared between 5 to 25 wt%. The optical and electrical characteristics of the samples were study by using Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The highest conductivity of the samples was containing 25 wt% of CN is 2.21X10-7 Scm-1. The optical study by using FTIR shows that the CN salt act as the conducting ions devoid of effect the molecular structure of the polymer. Additionally, the data of XRD revealed that MC-CN an amorphous phase.
关键词： EIS,Methylcellulose,Biopolymer Electrolytes,FTIR,XRD,Calcium Nitrate
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Morphological effect of composite TiO2 nanorod-TiO2 nanoparticle/PEDOT:PSS electrodes on triiodide reduction
摘要： Composite electrodes consisting of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)-TiO2 nanorods (NRs) and poly (3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) were prepared on a conductive glass substrate. The presence of TiO2 in the composite structure was proved by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Raman and FTIR-ATR measurements. The surface morphologies of TiO2 NP-PEDOT:PSS, TiO2 NR-PEDOT:PSS and TiO2 NP-TiO2 NR-PEDOT:PSS electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to the cyclic voltammetry measurement (CV), the electrocatalytic activity of composite electrodes on the reduction of triiodide improved after TiO2 addition compared with pristine PEDOT:PSS and platinum (Pt) electrodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the charge transfer resistance (Rct) strongly depends on the morphologies (ratio between TiO2 NP and TiO2 NR) of the composite electrodes. It was found that Rct decreased by increasing the amount of TiO2 nanorod in the whole mixture of TiO2 nanoparticles and PEDOT:PSS.
关键词： nanomaterials,nanocomposites,EIS,TiO2 nanorod,PEDOT:PSS
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Application of ZnxLayFezO4 spinel nanomaterial in quantum dot sensitized solar cells
摘要： A novel inorganic spinel nanomaterial with formula Zn0.6093La1.3979Fe0.8650O4 (ZLF) was synthesized and characterized by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine its stoichiometric formula. The Filed-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images displayed that the ZLF nanoparticles (NPs) had a very fine spherical morphology and average particle sizes in the range of about 5–30 nm. Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) were fabricated using the ZLF NPs which were incorporated into the TiO2 pastes of photoanodes. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the ZLF NPs and the photoanodes exhibited three maxima plus a weak broad peak at around 420, 460 and 485 plus 530 nm. The lowest intensity of the PL peak for the CdSe cell fabricated using 0.4 %ZLF suggested that it had the least charge recombination and the easiest electron transfer. The photovoltaic parameters of the optimized champion cell containing 0.4 % of ZLF NPs (η = 3.50 %, JSC = 13.11 mA/cm2, VOC = 0.58 V) were boosted compared to those of the ZLF-free reference cell (η = 2.18 %, JSC = 8.70 mA/cm2, VOC = 0.57 V) demonstrating a high improvement of approximately 61 % in the efficiency. The Electrochemical Impedance Spectra (EIS) revealed that the charge transfer resistance (RCT) in the optimum cell was dropped by adding the ZLF NPs into the TiO2 compared to that of the reference ZLF-free cell. Thus, upon adding 0.4 %ZLF, appropriate photocurrent efficiency was attained for the QDSSC because the ZLF nanoparticles were used in a minimum amount in order to speed up the electron transport, decline the recombination and enhance the cell efficiency.
关键词： Photoluminescence spectra,Spectra,ZnLaFeO4nanoparticles,Quantum dot sensitized solar cells,Electrochemical impedance (EIS),XPS
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57