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Using Er:YAG laser to remove lithium disilicate crowns from zirconia implant abutments: An in vitro study
摘要： When implants are restored with cement-retained restorations, prosthetic retrievability can be difficult and often requires sectioning using rotary instruments. Sometimes repeated removals of a cement-retained implant crown are needed such as for treatment of peri-implantitis or immediate implant provisionalization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser as a non-invasive treatment modality to remove lithium disilicate crowns from zirconia implant abutments following long-term cementation, repetitive debonding and re-cementation, and short-term retrieval.
关键词： cement-retained restorations,zirconia implant abutments,lithium disilicate crowns,Er:YAG laser,prosthetic retrievability
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Percutaneous Interstitial Nd:YAG Laser Therapy for Axillary Osmidrosis
摘要： Background and Objectives: To investigate the effects of percutaneous interstitial Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the apocrine glands and molecules involved in odor production (apolipoprotein [ApoD], androgen receptor [AR]) in the subcutaneous tissue of a pig. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Skin on the back of healthy adult miniature pigs was exposed to pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 5 or 10 W, or continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 10 W. Samples were taken 1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month after treatment for histology, western blot, and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis. Results: One week and 1 month after irradiation, the apocrine glands in pigskin became rounded, glandular cells were shorter, and the glandular cavities were larger compared with controls, but there were no obvious changes in fat cell distribution of collagen around the apocrine glands. One month after irradiation at 10 W in continuous mode, there was a significant decrease in ApoD expression in apocrine cells and ApoD and AR protein and expression levels in pigskin compared with controls. There were also significant differences in ApoD and AR protein and expression levels between treatments. Conclusions: Percutaneous interstitial Nd:YAG laser irradiation has potential as a safe and efficacious treatment for axillary osmidrosis as it may decrease the production of volatile unsaturated fatty acids, steroids, and associated unpleasant odors in the axilla.
关键词： Nd:YAG laser,androgen receptor,axillary osmidrosis,apocrine gland,apolipoprotein D
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Laser-stimulated piezo-optical and third harmonic generation studies for Na2O–Sb2O3 glass ceramics-influence of gold ions
摘要： Sodium antimonate glass ceramics with different concentrations of Au2O3 were synthesized. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM techniques. These studies have revealed that the samples consist of multiple crystalline phases composed of Sb3+, Sb5+, Au3+ ions, and Au0 particles; moreover these studies have indicated growing proportion of Au0 particles and Sb5+crystal phases (Na2Sb2O6) with increase of Au2O3 concentration. IR and Raman spectral studies have pointed out an increasing degree of polymerization of the glass network with increase of Au2O3 content while optical absorption studies indicated surface plasmon resonance effects. Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1320?nm and pulse width 8?ns) was used for inducing third harmonic generation (THG) signal. Later, THG signal intensity of Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1064?nm and pulse width of 20?ns) vs fundamental beam power density was recorded. The results indicated the maximum intensity for the samples containing a low concentration of Au2O3. For inducing piezo-optical effects, Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1064?nm) and its doubled frequency beam λ = 532?nm (with simultaneous mechanical pressure) were used. The cw He-Ne laser of 20?mW (with beam diameter about 0.5?mm) was used as probing beam for measuring the piezo-optical effects in the photo-polarized samples. The variation of the intensity of the THG beam and piezo-optical coefficients were found to be the maximal for the samples mixed with small quantities of Au2O3. The detailed analysis of XRD, SEM, EPR, IR, optical absorption spectral results suggested that concentrations of Na3SbO3 and also Au2O3 crystal phases are maximal in these?samples and are responsible for the maximal photoinduced effects, while the increasing presence of Na2Sb2O6 crystal phases and Au0 metallic particles are found to be hindrance for generation of third harmonic beams and also piezo-optical effects. Overall, the obtained results of nonlinear optical (NLO) and piezo-optical studies indicated that Na2O-Sb2O3 glass ceramics containing small traces of Au2O3 are useful for considering them for nonlinear optical triggering devices and piezo-electric devices.
关键词： Sodium antimonate glass ceramics,piezo-optical effects,Nd: YAG laser,Au2O3,third harmonic generation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Treatment of lichen pilaris with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in quasi long-pulsed mode: A case report (a secondary publication)
摘要： Background and Aims: Lichen pilaris is a very common disease typically seen among young adults on their upper arms as a manifestation of hyperkeratotic lesions occurring in the pores. Only a few treatments have been reported as significantly effective, so often natural resolution over time is the only option. The present study examined the use of a 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNY) in quasi long-pulsed mode, in an attempt to treat a case of lichen pilaris. Subject and Methods: A 33-year-old male presented with light-brown aggregated papules observed on both sides of the upper arms. The affected areas were treated every other week (QSNY, pulse width 300 μs, pulse energy 3.0 J/cm2, spot size 6 mm and repetition rate 10 Hz). Clinical photography was taken of the lesions at baseline and three months after the final treatment in addition to macrophotography and 3-D photography, biopsies being taken at both time points for histological comparison. Results: The clinical photography and objective image evaluation demonstrated shrinkage of pores and improvement of the unevenness of the skin. Histological examination suggested that the effect of the micropulsed QSNY on the horny layer, epidermal keratinocytes and dermal collagen resulted in a peeling effect and increased dermal collagen density, which eventually led to the shrinkage of the pores and improvement of the skin condition. Conclusions: The results of this single patient case report suggest that the micropulsed QSNY could be an effective treatment option for lichen pilaris, improvement of which is often difficult. Further studies with an appropriately-sized population are merited to confirm these preliminary results.
关键词： Q-switched Nd:YAG Laser,Lichen pilaris,Histological examination,Quasi long-pulsed mode
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Er:YAG Laser and Cyclosporin A Effect on Cell Cycle Regulation of Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells
摘要： Introduction: Periodontitis is a set of inflammatory disorders characterized by periodontal attachment loss and alveolar bone resorption. Because of deficiency in periodontitis mechanical therapy, this study was aimed to explore the molecular influence of the erbium-doped: yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser and cyclosporin A (CsA) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) for improvement in periodontal diseases therapy. Methods: We focused on articles that studied the proteome profiles of HGFs after treatment with laser irradiation and application of CsA. The topological features of differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using Cytoscape Version 3.4.0 followed by module selection from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using Cluster ONE plugin. In addition, we performed gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis for the densely connected region and key proteins in both PPI networks. Results: Analysis of PPI network of Er:YAG laser irradiation on HGFs lead to introducing YWHAZ, VCP, HNRNPU, YWHAE, UBA52, CLTC, FUS and IGHG1 as key proteins while similar analysis revealed that ACAT1, CTSD, ALDOA, ANXA2, PRDX1, LGALS3, ARHGDI and EEF1A1 are the crucial proteins related to the effect of drug. GO enrichment analysis of hub-bottleneck proteins of the 2 networks showed the different significant biological processes and cellular components. The functional enrichments of module of Er:YAG laser network are included as fatty acid transmembrane transport, cytokinesis, regulation of RNA splicing and asymmetric protein localization. There are not any significant clusters in network of HGF treated by CsA. Conclusion: The results indicate that there are 2 separate biomarker panels for the 2 treatment methods.
关键词： cyclosporin A (CsA),human fibroblast cell,Er:YAG laser,Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis,Gene ontology
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Acid resistance enhancement of human tooth enamel surface by Nd:YAG laser and incorporating silver nanoparticles: in vitro study
摘要： Purpose This work was devoted to assess the use of Nd:YAG laser with and without nanosilver particles to enhance tooth resistance of dental enamel against carries. Method Forty-eight tooth samples were randomly divided into three main groups and received different treatments. Samples of group 1 were illuminated by a single pulse at different laser fluences, while those of group 2 received different number of laser pulses at fixed laser fluence, and finally the samples of group 3 received laser and colloidal silver nanoparticle treatments at different conditions. The samples were subjected to Vickers microhardness test, atomic force microscopy analysis, scanning electron microscopy observation, energy dispersive spectroscopy investigation, and demineralization and re-mineralization tests. Results Due to fast laser heating and quenching, a significant microhardness increase in the treated dental enamel samples was seen. This resulted in an improvement in the enamel resistance against acids because of the decrease in hydroxyapatite lattice stress and the reduction in enamel solubility. The addition of silver nanoparticles to the laser-treated enamel surface helped stabilize the granules of the enamel surface tissue under the effect of laser irradiation. The demineralization of laser-treated samples showed higher Ca/P ratios than control group, indicating a higher resistance against acids. Conclusion The combined laser illumination and the addition of silver nanoparticles lowered the tooth abrasion degree and increased tooth resistance to decay. The demineralized samples of all laser-treated samples had higher Ca/P ratios compared to the demineralized control sample. Laser energy has modified the Ca/P mineral ratio and forms steadier and lesser acid soluble compositions.
关键词： Nd:YAG laser,Tooth decay reduction,Demineralization rate,Dental enamel,Silver nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Combination of 1,064-nm Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser and Steroid Tape Decreases the Total Treatment Time of Hypertrophic Scars
摘要： BACKGROUND The 1,064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (Cutera, Inc., Brisbane, CA) and steroid tape (?udroxycortide tape) have been used to treat keloids and hypertrophic scars. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ef?cacy of contact-mode 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser therapy and steroid tape for hypertrophic cesarean-section scars versus conservative therapy (steroid tape only). MATERIALS AND METHODS A medical record review identi?ed 40 consecutive Japanese patients who had hypertrophic scars (total Japan Scar Workshop Scar Scale [JSS] 2015 evaluation scores of 9 to 12) for more than 1 year after a vertical cesarean section and who were treated at our scar-specialist clinic from July 2015 to December 2017. All 40 patients continued treatment until the total JSS score dropped below 3. Recurrence was de?ned as a $1-point increase in the total JSW score 6 months after achieving a total JSS score <3. RESULTS The patients had a mean age of 34.2 years. The test (n = 25) and control (n = 15) groups took on average 16.9 and 24.3 months to achieve a total JSS score <3, respectively (p < .01). In the following 6 months, none of the scars recurred. CONCLUSION Nd:YAG laser treatment effectively decreased the total treatment time of hypertrophic cesarean-section scars. An algorithm for treating mild and severe hypertrophic cesarean-section scars is proposed.
关键词： steroid tape,1,treatment time,064-nm Nd:YAG laser,hypertrophic scars,cesarean-section scars
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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The effect of vaginal erbium laser treatment on sexual function and vaginal health in women with a history of breast cancer and symptoms of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause
摘要： Objectives: To assess the effects of vaginal erbium laser treatment on the vaginal health and sexual function of postmenopausal women with a history of breast cancer. Methods: An open, prospective, therapeutic intervention study was conducted with 24 postmenopausal women with a history of breast cancer and vaginal dryness, and/or dyspareunia, who had not used vaginal hormone therapy for at least 6 months. The women were treated using a 2,940-nm Erbium: YAG laser (Etherea-MX, Athena, Sa?o Carlos, Sa?o Paulo, Brazil), with 90o and 360o scanning scopes, between August, 2017 and October, 2017 in a private clinic in a city of southeastern Brazil. Vaginal erbium laser treatment was performed at three sessions with a 30-day interval between each session. Sexual function was assessed before and 1 month after treatment using the Short Personal Experiences Questionnaire. Questions related to genitourinary symptoms were also applied. Vaginal health was assessed before each laser session using the Vaginal Health Index Score. Results: Mean age was 53.7 years. Vaginal health improved, as shown by an increased overall score (P < 0.001). The effect size was large between pretreatment and post-treatment scores for vaginal elasticity, fluid volume, epithelial integrity, and moisture. The effect size was also significant for the overall sexual function score and for the score in the dyspareunia domain between pretreatment and 1 month after the final treatment session. Conclusion: Vaginal erbium laser may represent a novel therapeutic option for improving vaginal health and sexual function in postmenopausal women with a history of breast cancer.
关键词： Sexual function,Vulvovaginal atrophy,YAG laser,Dyspareunia,Menopause,Breast cancer,Erbium
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effect of the Er: YAG laser on the shear bond strength of conventional glass ionomer and BiodentineTM to dentine
摘要： Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if Er: YAG laser etching improves the shear bond strength (SBS) of Biodentin? and GC Fuji IX? to dentine. Materials and Methods: Forty human dentine specimens were standardized and embedded in stone. The specimens were randomized into four groups (n = 10). Twenty samples were treated with the Er: YAG laser radiation and 10 of these restored with GC Fuji IX? and 10 with Biodentine?. The remaining 20 specimens acted as controls (no laser treatment); 10 were restored with GC Fuji IX? and 10 with Biodentin?. All samples were then stored in an incubator at 37.5°C and 100% humidity for 7 days. The SBS was determined using a Zwick universal testing machine. A two-way analysis of variance test was used to evaluate the statistical difference in SBS between the groups. An independent sample t?test was used to determine the statistical significance of differences between control and lased groups within the same material. Results: A highly statistically significant difference in SBS was found with the laser treatment (P = 0.0001) and material (i.e., Biodentin? or Fuji IX? (P = 0.0001). The GC Fuji IX? group recorded the highest mean SBS required to dislodge the material from the laser-treated dentine surface (1.77 ± 0.22 Mega-Pascal [MPa]). The mean SBS of Biodentin? to dentine following the laser radiation (1.12 ± 0.16 MPa) was significantly greater compared to the nonlased dentine (0.53 ± 0.09). Pearson Chi?square test indicated a nonsignificant relation between shear strength and mode of failure (P = 0.467). Conclusion: Laser etching of the dentine surfaces yielded a significant increase in the bond strength for both GC Fuji IX? and Biodentin?. The SBS of Biodentin? to dentine is greater than with conventional glass ionomer (Fuji IX?).
关键词： Biodentin?,dentin,shear bond strength,Er: YAG laser
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effect of heat input in pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) on microstructure and mechanical properties
摘要： In the present investigation, titanium alloy Ti6Al4V of 1.4 mm thickness has been laser-welded in butt joint configuration using pulsed Nd:YAG laser system. The effects of heat input on weld bead shape, fusion zone width (top, middle, and bottom), heat-affected zone (HAZ) width (top, middle, and bottom), and fusion zone area have been studied. The microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-welded specimens at various heat inputs (43.7–103.5 J/mm) have also been investigated. Microstructures of the fusion zone, HAZ, and parent material have been compared at various heat inputs using optical microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The mechanical properties such as microhardness and tensile strength of the welded joints at varying heat inputs have been studied. Tensile tests of the welded specimen and base metal have been conducted for analyzing ultimate tensile strength and percentage elongation. Surface topography of the tensile fractured specimen of the welded joints and base metal has been examined to analyze the ductile and brittle behavior. EDS analyses of base metal and fusion zone of the welded specimen have been studied. XRD of the as-received base metal and welded specimen have been measured in the range of 30 to 85° to study the crystallographic structure.
关键词： Ti6Al4V,Microstructure,Laser beam welding,Pulsed Nd:YAG laser,Microhardness,Porosity
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14