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Electrospun carbon nanofibers decorated with Pt-Ni2P nanoparticles as high efficiency counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Carbon nanofibers (CNs) supported by Pt and Ni2P nanoparticles (Pt-Ni2P/CNs) are successfully synthesized and explored as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the first time. Pt and Ni2P nanoparticles are prepared by stabilization and carbonization of electrospun nanofibers, and subsequently controllable Pt and Ni2P nanoparticles are grown on surface of CNs obtained through redox reaction. A series of electrochemical measurements analysis confirm that the Pt-Ni2P/CNs composite have simultaneously superior electrocatalytic activity and enhanced electrical conductivity compared with those of individual CNs and Pt. Accordingly, DSSCs using the composite Pt-Ni2P/CNs as a counter electrode exhibit a excellent photovoltaic performance (power conversion efficiency of 9.11%), which is much higher than conventional Pt/CNs counter electrode (power conversion efficiency of 8.35%), owing to the collective effect of the high electrical conductivity originated from carbon nanofibers and superior electrocatalytic activity arising from Pt/CNs nanoparticles.
关键词： counter electrode,electrospun,dye-sensitized solar cells,Pt and Ni2P nanoparticles,redox reaction
更新于2025-11-14 15:27:09
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Stabilizing silver window electrodes for organic photovoltaics using a mercaptosilane monolayer
摘要： A single layer of the bifunctional molecule 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane is shown to be remarkably effective at improving the stability of optically thin silver film electrodes towards spontaneous morphological change and oxidation by airborne sulfur. Inclusion of this layer in the novel transparent electrode; WO3 (30 nm) / silver (13 nm) / sol-gel ZnO (27 nm), at the silver / ZnO interface improves the efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices using this electrode by 20%, such that the power conversion efficiency is very close to that achievable using a conventional indium-tin oxide glass electrode; 9.6 % – 0.2 % vs 10.0 % – 0.3 %, with the advantage that the silver electrode has a sheet resistance one third that of the ITO glass ((cid:3)4 Ohms sq-1). The mercaptosilane monolayer is also shown to retard silver diffusion into the ZnO layer whilst imparting a favorable (cid:3)400 meV reduction in electrode work function. In addition to its utility inside the device, this molecular layer is shown to be useful for improving the stability of the silver film electrodes in top-illuminated semi-transparent photovoltaics, since it can be deposited directly onto a completed device from the vapor phase.
关键词： organic photovoltaic,silane,transparent electrode,silver electrode,3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane,Monolayer,work function,organic solar cell
更新于2025-11-03 10:59:25
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Nickel Selenide Nanoparticles as a Cheap Alternative for Pt-Counter Electrode in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Colloidal nickel selenide nanocrystals (NCs) of two different compositions i.e., Ni3Se2 and Ni3Se4, where one is Ni-rich while another is Se-rich are synthesized using the hot injection method by merely changing the injection and growth temperature while keeping the rest of the reaction conditions like solvent, ligands, amount of precursors and reaction time identical. These nanocrystals exhibit electrocatalytic activity in the reduction of triiodide (I?3) to iodide (3I?), therefore employed as counter electrodes (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The DSC based on nickel selenides displays an efficiency of 6.4%, comparable to the Pt-based cells prepared by us.
关键词： Ni3Se4,Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell,Ni3Se2,Counter Electrode
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Enhanced Oxidation Stability of Transparent Copper Films Using a Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Nucleation Layer
摘要： We report a novel seed layer for the formation of slab-like transparent copper films on glass and plastic substrates, based on a mixed molecular monolayer and an ultra-thin (0.8 nm) aluminium layer both deposited from the vapour phase, which substantially outperforms the best nucleation layer for optically thin copper films reported to date. Using this hybrid layer, the metal percolation threshold is reduced to < 4 nm nominal thickness and the long-term stability of sub-10 nm films towards oxidation in air is comparable to that of silver films of the same thickness fabricated using the best reported seed layer for optically thin silver films to date. The underlying reason for the remarkable effectiveness of this hybrid nucleation is elucidated using a combination of photoelectron spectroscopy, small angle X-ray studies, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
关键词： ultrathin metal film,nucleation,transparent electrode,seed layer,passivation,copper
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Implementing Inkjet-Printed Transparent Conductive Electrodes in Solution-Processed Organic Electronics
摘要： Through the use of solution-based materials, the field of printed organic electronics has not only made new devices accessible, but also allows the process of manufacture to move toward a high throughput industrial scale. However, while solution-based active layer materials in these systems have been studied quite intensely, the printed electrodes and specifically the transparent conductive anode have only relatively recently been investigated. In this progress report, the use of metal nanoparticles within printed organic electronic devices is highlighted, specifically their use as replacement of the commonly used indium tin oxide transparent conductive electrode within organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). A cross fertilization between the applications is expected since an OPV device is essentially an inversely operated OLED. This report aims to highlight the use of inkjet-printed nanoparticles as cost-effective electrodes for printed optoelectronic applications and discusses methods to improve the conductive and interfacial properties. Finally, in an outlook, the use of these types of metal nanoparticle inks to manipulate light management properties, such as outcoupling, in the device is investigated.
关键词： embedded silver and copper grid,metal nanoparticle ink,inkjet-printed electronics,transparent electrode,solution-processed optoelectronics
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Determination of Selectivity Coefficients of Sodium and Potassium Ion-Selective Electrode Using Porous Silicon N-Type (100) Based Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor
摘要： Determination of Selectivity Coefficients of Sodium and Potassium Ion-Selective Electrode Using Porous Silicon N-Type (100) Based Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor
关键词： Sodium,Selectivity Coefficients,Porous Silicon,Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor,Ion-Selective Electrode,Potassium
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Elucidating the Exceptional Passivation Effect of 0.8 nm Evaporated Aluminium on Transparent Copper Films
摘要： Slab-like copper films with a thickness of 9 nm (～70 atoms) and sheet resistance of ≤9 Ω sq?1 are shown to exhibit remarkable long-term stability toward air-oxidation when passivated with an 0.8 nm aluminium layer deposited by simple thermal evaporation. The sheet resistance of 9 nm Cu films passivated in this way, and lithographically patterned with a dense array of ～6 million apertures per cm2, increases by <3.5% after 7,000 h exposure to ambient air. Using a combination of annular-dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy, nanoscale spatially resolved elemental analysis and atomic force microscopy, we show that this surprising effectiveness of this layer results from spontaneous segregation of the aluminium to grain boundaries in the copper film where it forms a ternary oxide plug at those sites in the metal film most vulnerable to oxidation. Crucially, the heterogeneous distribution of this passivating oxide layer combined with its very low thickness ensures that the underlying metal is not electrically isolated, and so this simple passivation step renders Cu films stable enough to compete with Ag as the base metal for transparent electrode applications in emerging optoelectronic devices.
关键词： passivation,thin film,transparent electrode,lithography,copper
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Edge/Defect-rich, Metallic, and Oxygen-heteroatom-doped WS2 Superstructure with Superior Electrocatalytic Performance for Green Solar Energy Conversion
摘要： Two-dimensional tungsten sulfide is widely applied in electrocatalysis field. However, WS2 possesses catalytic active sites located at the layer edge and an inert surface for catalysis. Therefore, increasing the exposure of active sites at the edge and effectively activating the inert sites on the surface is important challenges. Here, we synthesize edge/defect-rich and oxygen-heteroatom-doped WS2 (ED-O-WS2) superstructure. The power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) based on ED-O-WS2 counter electrode reach 10.36% (under 1 Sun, AM 1.5, 100 mW cm?2) and 11.19% (under 40 mW cm?2). These values are, to our knowledge, the highest reported efficiency for DSCs based on Pt-free counter electrodes in I3-/I- electrolytes. Analysis of micro-nano structure and electrocatalytic mechanism indicate that ED-O-WS2 exhibit metallic properties in the electrolyte, and that rich edge/defect and oxygen doping in ED-O-WS2 play an important role in improving the catalytic activity of WS2. Moreover, ED-O-WS2 displays better catalytic reversibility for I3-/I- electrolytes than that of noble metal Pt.
关键词： WS2,green solar energy conversion,dye-sensitized solar cells,counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Improved stability of silver nanowire (AgNW) electrode for high temperature applications using selective photoresist passivation
摘要： Metal nanostructure arrays have been progressed as an alternative to the conventional oxides-based transparent conductive electrodes. Herein, we demonstrate the improved reliability of silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodes by photoresist encapsulation. The incorporation of photoresist followed by photolithography is beneficial to selectively pattern the AgNWs on poly[ether sulfone]. By varying the development or removal time of the ultraviolet (UV)-exposed photoresist, the properties of the AgNWs in the electrode are significantly varied. The optical parameters such as transmittance, haziness, and the yellow index of the electrodes have been extensively studied to reveal the advantage of the selective photoresist patterning. The AgNW electrodes patterned under 120 s of development time explored superior optical and electrical properties with high durability. The electrical properties of the AgNW electrodes at high temperatures (250 °C) demonstrate the photoresist-induced stability as compared to bare samples. Further, the morphological examination after the high temperature treatment reveals the reduced Rayleigh instability effects in 120s developed AgNWs that facilitate the reliability under harsh conditions.
关键词： photoresist selective passivation,development time,high reliability,Silver nanowire (AgNW) electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Enhancement of substrate-coating adherence of boron-doped diamond electrodes by nanosecond laser surface texturing pretreatment
摘要： To improve the substrate-coating adherence of Nb-based boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes, laser surface texturing (LST) pretreatment was investigated. Substrates were textured by a Nd:YAG laser (1.06 μm radiation, 20 ns) with several laser parameters such as single pulse energy and scanning spacing, then coated with a BDD film by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). Characteristics of the substrates and BDD thin film electrodes were investigated. The results revealed that periodic valley-like structures were fabricated on substrate surfaces. LST pretreatment can significantly enhance the substrate-coating adherence of BDD electrode samples, and the laser cleaning step can effectively remove the surface oxide layer generated by laser pretreatment. Single pulse energy is a crucial influencing factor, the proper pulse energy can provide the best adherence property, providing sufficient surface treatment effect, promoting nucleation, release residual stress and promote the mechanical interlock. Suitable scanning spacing can further improve the coating adherence, and the match of scanning spacing and single pulse spacing can effectively avoid the directional peeling.
关键词： Laser cleaning,BDD electrode,Laser surface texturing,Substrate-coating adherence
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52