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Impact of laser treatment on hydrogenated amorphous silicon properties
摘要： The application of laser radiation to locally modify the hydrogen distribution within hydrogenated amorphous silicon films on a short time scale is studied. The impact of laser power and irradiation time on the temperature of the silicon layer during the laser treatment and the hydrogen outdiffusion is analyzed. Moreover, the resulting optoelectronic properties of the amorphous silicon are examined. On a timescale of a few seconds or less, we can successfully decrease the hydrogen concentration in the surface-near region of the silicon layer without major impact on the optoelectronic properties.
关键词： laser treatment,amorphous silicon,hydrogen diffusion
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Corneal Inlay Damage After Cosmetic Laser Treatment of the Eyelid With Long-Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser
摘要： IMPORTANCE Protective eyewear or corneal shields are recommended during cosmetic facial laser treatment. OBJECTIVE To describe the occurrence of corneal inlay damage following treatment to the eyelids and face with an Nd:YAG laser. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This observational case report includes a single incident case cared for at a tertiary care center. A 58-year-old man who had undergone bilateral uncomplicated myopic laser in situ keratomileusis surgery in 2003 and corneal inlay implant in the nondominant left eye in 2013 experienced decreased visual acuity (VA) and pain in the left eye after the application of 2 passes of the Nd:YAG laser to his face and both eyelids for facial tightening. At presentation, the uncorrected VA was counting fingers OS and 20/20 OD. Slitlamp biomicroscopy showed a corneal epithelial defect overlying a deformed corneal inlay, peripheral scattered pigmentary deposits, corneal haze, and brown discoloration of the lamellar pocket of the inlay. He underwent explant of the inlay and debridement 48 hours later because of deteriorating VA and increasing corneal haze. EXPOSURE Application of long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm to the middle one-third of both upper eyelids and the periorbital region in a man with a corneal inlay implant. Corneal shields were not worn during the procedure. The peak penetration depth of this laser system is approximately 4 mm. The mean (SD) thickness of the upper eyelid in Asian eyes is 1.127 (0.238) mm. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Improvement of corneal inlay damage. RESULTS In this 58-year-old man, 3 months after the inlay explant, the intrastromal discoloration had resolved. There was still residual corneal haze, but the patient was able to achieve a best-corrected VA of 20/25 OS for distance and J3 (Snellen equivalent, 20/30) OS for near. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although the exact cause and effect cannot be determined from a single case, our findings suggest that a history of corneal inlay implant should be asked about prior to any long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser treatment to the periorbital skin and eyelids. Furthermore, these findings suggest that laser treatment to the eyelids should be avoided and that protective eyewear or corneal shields are recommended during cosmetic facial laser treatment in all patients.
关键词： corneal inlay damage,Nd:YAG laser,corneal shields,cosmetic laser treatment,protective eyewear
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Retrospective photographic review of nontattoo indications treated by picosecond laser
摘要： Background: Picosecond (PS) lasers were approved by the US FDA in 2012 after being shown to remove tattoos with more success and fewer treatments compared with traditional methods. PS lasers were shown to be versatile, indicated for the treatment of lentigines, café-au-lait macules (CALMs), and acne scars and skin rejuvenation. Objective: We report our experience treating our patients for different indications using a PS laser. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart and photographic review of all patients seen between 2016 and 2018 that were treated in our centers with a PS laser for nontattoo indications. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using side-by-side comparisons of the clinical photographs by two blinded, independent physicians using a visual analog scale consisting of six levels of treatment response. Results: A total of 233 patients were studied. Most sought treatment for solar lentigo (27%) and skin rejuvenation (14%). Epidermal nevi exhibited the greatest improvement with treatment, while acne scarring demonstrated the least. Only 24% of patients experienced noteworthy, transient adverse effects. Conclusion: Picosecond lasers were efficacious and safe for a variety of indications. They were effective in treating epidermal nevi and pigmented lesions, such as Lentigines and CALMs.
关键词： aesthetic improvement,epidermal nevus,picosecond laser,laser treatment,solar lentigines
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Performance Improves Biological Response on Titanium Surfaces
摘要： Porphyromonas gingivalis infection is one of the causes of implant failures, which can lead to peri-implantitis. Implant surface roughness is reportedly related strongly to P. gingivalis adhesion, which can lead to peri-implantitis and, later, cell adhesion. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on titanium (Ti) disc surfaces and its interaction with bacterial adhesion and fibroblast viability. Ti discs underwent two treatments: autoclaving (control) and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser treatment (test). Ti disc surfaces were examined with scanning electronic microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface roughness same as wettability were also investigated. Fibroblast viability was assessed with the water-soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) test, and osteoblast differentiation was assessed with the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay. Bacterial structure and colony formation were detected with scanning electron microscopy and Gram stain. In comparison to control discs, the test discs showed smoother surfaces, with 0.25-μm decrease in surface roughness (p < 0.05); lower P. gingivalis adhesion (p < 0.01); less P. gingivalis colonization (p < 0.05); and increased fibroblast viability and osteoblast differentiation (p < 0.05). Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment improved disc surfaces by making them slightly smoother, which reduced P. gingivalis adhesion and increased fibroblast viability and osteoblast differentiation. Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment can be considered a good option for managing peri-implantitis. Further investigations of laser-assisted therapy are necessary for better guidelines in the treatment of peri-implantitis.
关键词： laser treatment,Er,Cr:YSGG laser,dental implant,Ti discs
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Quantitative Monitoring of Tattoo Contrast Variations after 755-nm Laser Treatments in In Vivo Tattoo Models
摘要： Laser lights have been used by dermatologists for tattoo removal through photothermal interactions. However, most clinical studies used a visual scoring method to evaluate the tattoo removal process less objectively, leading to unnecessary treatments. This study aimed to develop a simple and quantitative imaging method to monitor the degree of tattoo removal in in vivo skin models. Sprague Dawley rat models were tattooed with four different concentrations of black inks. Laser treatment was performed weekly on the tattoos using a wavelength of 755 nm over six weeks. Images of non-treated and treated samples were captured using the same method after each treatment. The intensities of the tattoos were measured to estimate the contrast for quantitative comparison. The results demonstrated that the proposed monitoring method quantified the variations in tattoo contrast after the laser treatment. Histological analysis validated the significant removal of tattoo inks, no thermal injury to adjacent tissue, and uniform remodeling of epidermal and dermal layers after multiple treatments. This study demonstrated the potential of the quantitative monitoring technique in assessing the degree of clearance level objectively during laser treatments in clinics.
关键词： laser treatment,CMOS sensor,tattoo model,image contrast
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Use of a Picosecond Alexandrite Laser for Treating Acquired Bilateral Nevus of Ota-Like Macules in Chinese Patients
摘要： Background and Objectives: Acquired bilateral nevus of Ota‐like macules (ABNOM) is common among the Chinese population. There have been few studies on the use of a picosecond alexandrite laser for the treatment of ABNOMs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 755 nm picosecond alexandrite laser for the treatment of ABNOMs. Study Design/Materials and Methods: A total of 225 subjects diagnosed with ABNOMs were included in this retrospective study. A 755 nm picosecond alexandrite laser system was used to treat all subjects. The safety and effectiveness of the laser were determined using a clinical photo assessment. The correlating factors of the patients, including the age, Fitzpatrick skin type, lesion location, lesion color, treatment procedures, melasma, and outcomes, were analyzed. Results: The patients underwent one to four treatment sessions with clinical clearance (>90%) rates of 8.89%, 30.99%, 56.65%, and 60.00%, respectively. A higher number of sessions was positively associated with a better treatment response. The hyperpigmentation incidence rate was 22.67%, and one case of hypopigmentation was observed. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a picosecond alexandrite laser is an effective and safe approach for treating ABNOMs in Chinese patients.
关键词： acquired bilateral nevus of Ota‐like macules (ABNOM),picosecond alexandrite laser,treatment effect,post‐inflammatory hypopigmentation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Different Numbers of Long-Pulse 1064-nm Nd-YAG Laser Treatments for Onychomycosis: A Pilot Study
摘要： Purpose. To examine the benefits of different numbers of 1064-nm Nd-YAG laser treatments in patients with onychomycosis. Methods. This was a pilot study of patients with onychomycosis who were divided into three groups: four treatment sessions (group A), eight sessions (group B), and 12 sessions (group C). Only infected nails of degrees II–III (Scoring Clinical Index for Onychomycosis) were included. Treatment was given once a week using a long-pulse Nd-YAG 1064-nm laser. Patients were followed at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after the first treatment. Side effects were recorded. Results. Treatments were completed for 442 nails in 102 patients. The efficacy rates at 8, 16, and 24 weeks were 35.5%, 38.7%, and 37.4% for group A; 31.4%, 41.7%, and 44.0% for group B; and 27.7%, 50.0%, and 55.4% for group C, respectively. There was a significant difference in the efficacy rate at 24 weeks (?? = 0.016) between groups A and C, but not for groups A vs. B, or for groups B vs. C. No difference in the efficacy rate at 8 or 16 weeks was observed among the three groups. In all three groups, the efficacy was better for degree II nails than for degree III nails (all ?? < 0.05). No side effects occurred. Conclusions. The 1064-nm Nd-YAG laser had clinical benefits against onychomycosis. Higher numbers of treatments provided better long-term (24-week) benefits, but had no impact on the short-term outcomes. The efficacy of laser treatment on degree II onychomycosis was better than for degree III.
关键词： side effects,1064-nm Nd-YAG laser,treatment sessions,efficacy,onychomycosis
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[Laser Institute of America ICALEO? 2017: 36th International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics - Atlanta, Georgia, USA (October 22–26, 2017)] International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics - Reflection reduction in silicon solar cells by means of laser and plasma treatment
摘要： In order to ensure the competitiveness of photovoltaic systems in comparison to conventional fossil fuels, the production costs of the PV modules must be reduced and the efficiency of the solar cells increased. Therefore, silicon solar cells are structured for efficiency enhancement through absorption optimization by means of laser and plasma treatment. Anti-reflect layers on silicon solar cells lead to reduced reflections on the cell surface and thus to an increase in the efficiency of solar cells. In order to exploit the energy potential of solar radiation, reflection on solar cells must be further minimized and absorption maximized. To achieve minimum reflection and maximum absorption in silicon solar cells, surfaces of solar cells are processed by means of laser radiation and plasma etching methods. Processing with laser radiation allows a defined periodic microstructuring of the surface, which promotes the absorption of the energy-intensive components of the solar radiation. In a subsequent plasma etching process, a nanostructure is applied on this microstructure, which reduces the reflection. Together, this is a combination of superficial structures that increase the efficiency of silicon solar cells, without the need of anti-reflect layers. To achieve a minimum reflection and maximum absorption, polycrystalline silicon wafers sliced by slurry paste and diamond wire were treated with laser and plasma analyzed by UV/VIS spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
关键词： reflection reduction,laser treatment,silicon solar cells,plasma treatment,absorption enhancement
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Increasing of ENF Bonded Joints Performance by Design of Laser Surface Texturing
摘要： The quality of a bonded joint is strongly linked to the surface treatment used for the adherends. Recently, many studies have showed the opportunity to use a CO2 laser for enhancing the mechanical properties of bonded joints in FRP. Nowadays, to optimize their process parameters and texturing represent a necessary step for the growth in this technology. In this work, an experimental and numerical study of the effect of laser texturing on end notched flexure (ENF) joints realized in CFRP has been developed. The laser texturing showed an important effect on the mechanical resistance of ENF joints, with an increase of at least 76% respect untreated ones. The numerical results showed a good agreement with the experimental ones. Therefore, it is possible to design of the laser texturing for optimizing the mechanical response of bonded joints.
关键词： finite element analysis,Adhesive bonding,laser treatment
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO) - Zhenjiang, China (2019.8.4-2019.8.8)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO) - Simulation of Local Laser Annealing of Amorphous TiNiCu Alloy to Create Nanostructured Functional Material
摘要： Present work considers simulation via Comsol Multiphysics software of local laser annealing of amorphous TiNiCu thin ribbon to create a layered nanostructured crystalline-amorphous functional material with the two-way shape memory effect, which is intended for manufacturing of the nanoactuator. Several simulations were performed with different parameters of laser radiation, such as pulse duration and power density. Laser treatment was simplified as a boundary heat source at sample surface.
关键词： liquid,crystalline state,laser treatment,nanotweezers,Comsol Multiphysics,amorphous,state,shape memory effect,quenching
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52