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Pyrolysis‐Synthesized g‐C <sub/>3</sub> N <sub/>4</sub> /Nb <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>5</sub> Nanocomposite for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity under White LED Light Irradiation
摘要： The design and fabrication of highly active visible-light-driven photocatalysts have been received considerable attention in recent years. However, individual component-based photocatalysts are limited in their use because of the high recombination of photoinduced carriers and poor chemical stability. Herein, the Z-scheme-originated photocatalytic activity of in-situ deposited Nb2O5 NPs on the plane surface of carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets (i. e. CN-NbO) heterostructures was studied using a simple thermal pyrolysis method. The as-synthesized photocatalysts distinctly manifested efficient white light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation toward organic malachite green (MG) dye degradation and photocatalytic hydrogen generation. The CN-NbO heterostructure showed a faster degradation rate of the MG dye and a higher photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate. In addition, the plausible Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen production under LED light irradiation was discussed. Photoelectrochemcial studies showed that the superior photoactivity of CN-NbO heterostructure is mainly a result of the suitable alignment of the band edge positions, which diminish carrier recombination and facilitate efficient interfacial charge transport at their interface. This study provides an ideal method for in-situ fabrication of novel two dimensional/one dimension-based photocatalysts with high activity and stable performance for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.
关键词： Dye degradation,Hydrogen evolution,Nanoparticles,Photocatalyst,LED irradiation,Layered materials
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Hybrid Plasmonic Photoreactors as Visible Light-Mediated Bactericides
摘要： Photocatalytic compounds and complexes, such as tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II), [Ru(bpy)3]2+, have recently received attention as light-mediated bactericides that can help to address the need for new antibacterial strategies. We demonstrate in this work that the bactericidal efficacy of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and the control of its antibacterial function can be significantly enhanced through combination with a plasmonic nanoantenna. We report strong, visible light-controlled bacterial inactivation with a nanocomposite design that incorporates [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as photocatalyst and a Ag nanoparticle (NP) core as light-concentrating nanoantenna into a plasmonic hybrid photoreactor. The hybrid photoreactor platform is facilitated by a self-assembled lipid membrane that encapsulates the Ag NP and binds the photocatalyst. The lipid membrane renders the nanocomposite biocompatible in the absence of resonant illumination. Upon illumination, the plasmon-enhanced photoexcitation of the metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer band of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ prepares the reactive excited state of the complex that oxidizes the nanocomposite membrane and increases its permeability. The photooxidation induces the release of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, Ag+, and peroxidized lipids into the ambient medium, where they interact synergistically to inactivate bacteria. We measured seven orders of magnitude decrease in Gram-positive Arthrobacter sp. and four orders of magnitude decrease in Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) colony forming units (CFUs) with the photoreactor bactericides after 1-hour of visible light illumination. In both cases the photoreactor exceeds the bactericidal standard of a log reduction value (LRV) of 3, and surpasses the antibacterial effect of free Ag NPs or [Ru(bpy)3]2+ by more than four orders of magnitude. We also implement the inactivation of a bacterial thin film in a proof-of-concept study.
关键词： antibiotics,biofilm,controlled release,sterilization,photocatalyst,antibacterial,nanoantenna
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Design and Development of a novel lanthanum inserted CuCr2O4 nanoparticles photocatalyst for the efficient removal of water pollutions
摘要： In the present research study, the insertion of lanthanum in the CuCr2O4 lattice structure have been reported for the first time. Lanthanum insertion performed via a simple preparation approach. Different loading percentages of lanthanum in the CuCr2O4 crystal structure have been successfully performed. To confirm the correct structure of as prepared materials we have been utilized the various characterization methods including x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Diffuse reflectance (DRS) and Vibrating Sample Magnometer (VSM). The photocatalytic behavior of the as-synthesized nanostructures were evaluated for the destruction of RhB and MO organic contaminants under incident visible light illumination. The prepared catalyst demonstrated the 98 and 99% photocatalytic degradation for the destruction of Rh B and MO organic dyes. According to the trapping experiments the superoxide anion radicals was the main reactive species in the photocatalytic process. To further addressing the enhancement in the photocatalytic ability of the prepared phtotocatalyst for the decontamination of water contaminants a suggested photocatalytic mechanism based on the obtained experiments and tests have been proposed. According to the reusability evaluation tests the synthesized catalyst can be recycled six times without remarkable loss in the photocatalytic performance.
关键词： Lanthanum doped,photocatalyst,Magnetic,CuCr2O4,Organic pollutions
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Preparation and Its Application of TiO2/ZrO2 and TiO2/Fe Photocatalysts: A Perspective Study
摘要： The preparation and application of TiO2/ZrO2 and TiO2/Fe photocatalysts were reviewed. We have prepared TiO2/ZrO2 and TiO2/Fe photocatalyst by sol-gel process for degradation of phenolic compounds, decolourization of dye solution and removal of heavy metals in the wastewater. ZrO2/TiO2 composite photocatalytic was produced on the pure titanium substrate using in situ Zr(OH)4 colloidal particle and the ZrO2/TiO2 composite shows a lamellar and porous structure which consists of anatase, rutile and ZrO2 phases by the micro-arc oxidation technique. TiO2 doped with Fe produced by the sol-gel method using titanium alkoxide as the precursor of titania as well as iron as dopant sources. Among synthesized photocatalysts, 0.1 M Zr and 0.15 M N supported on TiO2 exhibited the best visible-light response and the highest NO photodegradation activity. The photocatalysts calcined at 500 °C are spherical particles with a crystallite size about 10-20 nm and the crystal phase presents a mixture of anatase (dominant phase) and rutile. The optimum doping amount of iron ions is 0.001 mol %. Although the addition of iron ions decreases the surface area of Fe/TiO2, the photocatalytic activity of Fe/TiO2 (i.e., 0.001 mol %) is better than those of synthesized bare TiO2 or P25. Consequently, the role of Fe may be responsible for the enhanced photodegradation, as compared to those from P25 or synthesized bare TiO2.
关键词： Metals,Phenolic group,TiO2,Fe,ZrO2,Photocatalyst,Dye
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Magnetically Separable BiOBr/Fe3O4@SiO2 for Visible-light-driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Ibuprofen: Mechanistic Investigation and Prototype Development
摘要： The increasingly ubiquitous release of emerging refractory pollutants into water is a serious concern due to associated risks. In this study, mesoporous hierarchical BiOBr/Fe3O4@SiO2 ― a solvothermally synthesized visible-light-driven magnetic photocatalyst ― not only exhibited fast kinetics (t1/2 = 8.7 min) in the photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen in water but also achieved almost complete mineralization over a prolonged irradiation of 6 h. Various reactive species, including ?O2?, ?OH, and H2O2, were detected, while the scavenging experiments revealed that eCB?-mediated reactions and direct-hole oxidation are the major degradation routes. The magnetically recycled BiOBr/Fe3O4@SiO2 maintained ~80% of its initial photocatalytic activity even after five consecutive cycles. The typically co-present wastewater constituents, including NOM and anions, inhibited the photocatalytic performance to varying extents, and hence necessitated an increase in the photocatalyst dosage to achieve complete ibuprofen degradation in real sewage. Based on the findings of batch experiments, the process was scaled up by developing a 5 L prototype photocatalytic reactor integrated with an electromagnetic separation unit. The results of prototype photocatalytic experiments were comparable to those of batch experiments, and an electromagnetic separation efficiency of ~99% was achievable in 5 min.
关键词： Magnetic photocatalyst,Photocatalytic reactor,Bismuth oxyhalide,Hierarchical photocatalyst,Pharmaceuticals and personal care products
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2/Boron-Doped Diamond Photocatalyst and Its Photocatalytic Activity under Deep UV Light (λ = 222 nm) Irradiation
摘要： There is a need for highly efficient photocatalysts, particularly for water purification. In this study, we fabricated a mesoporous TiO2 thin film on a boron-doped diamond (BDD) layer by a surfactant-assisted sol-gel method, in which self-assembled amphiphilic surfactant micelles were used as an organic template. Scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform mesopores, approximately 20 nm in diameter, that were hexagonally packed in the TiO2 thin film. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy clarified that the framework crystallized in the anatase phase. Current–voltage (I–V) measurements showed rectification features at the TiO2/BDD heterojunction, confirming that a p–n hetero-interface formed. The as-synthesized mesoporous TiO2/BDD worked well as a photocatalyst, even with a small volume of TiO2 (15 mm × 15 mm × c.a. 1.5 μm in thickness). The use of deep UV light (λ = 222 nm) as a light source was necessary to enhance photocatalytic activity, due to photo-excitation occurring in both BDD and TiO2.
关键词： photocatalyst,water purification,thin film,surfactant-assisted sol-gel method,p-n heterojunction,deep UV light,mesoporous metal oxide
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Impact of TiO2 Nanotubes’ Morphology on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Simazine Pollutant
摘要： There are various approaches to enhancing the catalytic properties of TiO2, including modifying its morphology by altering the surface reactivity and surface area of the catalyst. In this study, the primary aim is to enhance the photocatalytic activity by changing the TiO2 nanotubes’ architecture. The highly ordered infrastructure is favorable for a better charge carrier transfer. It is well known that anodization affects TiO2 nanotubes’ structure by increasing the anodization duration which in turn in?uence the photocatalytic activity. The characterizations were conducted by FE-SEM (?end emission scanning electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), RAMAN (Raman spectroscopy), EDX (Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), UV-Vis (Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy) and LCMS/MS/MS (liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy). We found that the morphological structure is affected by the anodization duration according to FE-SEM. The photocatalytic degradation shows a photodegradation rate of k = 0.0104 min?1. It is also found that a mineralization of Simazine by our prepared TiO2 nanotubes leads to the formation of cyanuric acid. We propose three Simazine photodegradation pathways with several intermediates identi?ed.
关键词： Simazine,TiO2 nanotubes,anodization,photodegradation mechanism,photocatalytic,photocatalyst
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Mn doped ZnO nano material: a highly visible light active photocatalyst for environmental abatment
摘要： Mn doped ZnO nano photocatalyst (MnDZ) was prepared via simple co-precipitation method. MnDZ catalyst was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, UV–Vis-DRS, FE-SEM and TEM. The FE-SEM images showed that the MnDZ have rod and sphere like morphology with a size ranged from 20 to 50 nm. The catalytic activities were tested for the degradation of Direct blue 71 under visible light irradiation. The catalyst found to be highly active under neutral pH range and exhibit pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reusability of the photocatalyst indicates that 93% of dye was degraded even upto 3rd cycles of use.
关键词： ZnO,recycle,manganese,visible light,photocatalyst
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Solid Acids Accelerate the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis over a Hybrid Catalyst of Titania Nanotube with Carbon Dot
摘要： Photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from water and oxygen is an alternative route for clean energy storage and chemical synthesis, but still having problems with insufficient H2O2 productivity and solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency. Herein, we reported a hybrid catalyst of proton-form titania nanotube with carbon dot (HTNT-CD) that is highly efficient for the production of H2O2 under visible-light irradiation (λ>420 nm, H2O2 productivity at 3.42 mmol gcat-1·h-1), outperforming the titania catalysts containing noble metals and the carbon nitride catalysts reported previously. Multiple studies demonstrate that the protons on the HTNT-CD are crucial for the production of H2O2 by efficiently accelerating the half reaction of molecular oxygen reduction to form H2O2, and effectively hindering H2O2 decomposition under the irradiation conditions. This HTNT-CD catalyst gives solar-to-H2O2 apparent energy conversion efficiency at 5.2%, which is even 4.9 times of that (1.06%) over the catalyst derived from commercial P25 and CDs. More importantly, the HTNT-CD is stable, giving high H2O2 productivity in the continuous recycle tests.
关键词： photocatalyst,carbon dots,TiO2 nanotubes,H2O2 synthesis
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Applications of polystyrene/graphite composites in water purification as a semiconductor visible-light photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation
摘要： The aim of this study was to prepare a polymer/graphite composite thin film as a cheap, and nontoxic photocatalyst that could be activated by visible light. It was characterized using ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry and X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the photocatalyst surface before and after a photodegradation process. The photocatalyst showed activity under visible light and was used for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (Rh-B) as target pollutants. The process was studied with different pH values, initial dye concentrations, and light intensities from the radiation source to evaluate their effects. The results revealed that the photodegradation was affected by the initial dye concentration, and also showed that the best conditions for the photodegradation reactions of both dyes were an alkaline medium and a light intensity of 80 wt. The films prepared under the conditions reported herein could be promising materials in water purification.
关键词： Rhodamine B,Methylene blue,Photocatalyst,Photodegradation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36