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Buried‐Tunnel Junction Current Injection for InP‐Based Nanomembrane Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers on Silicon
摘要： Herein, the design, metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxial growth, fabrication, and characterization of buried-tunnel junction (BTJ) current injection structures for InP/Si hybrid nanomembrane photonic crystal surface emitting lasers (PCSELs) are reported. Corresponding BTJ-light-emitting diodes on InP substrate show low series resistance and uniform carrier injection over square-shaped device areas with side length ranging from 15 up to 250 μm, whereas BTJ-PCSEL structures with similar current injection con?guration fabricated on photonic-crystal silicon-on-insulator substrate using transfer print technology show signi?cant linewidth narrowing at low current density.
关键词： photonic-crystal surface emitting lasers,buried-tunnel junctions,photonic bandedge lasers,silicon photonics,surface emitting lasers
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Sozopol, Bulgaria (2019.9.6-2019.9.8)] 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Spectral Features of a Multi-Periodical Metamaterials
摘要： We numerically investigate the spectral properties of multi-periodic metamaterials of various configurations (the planar double-periodic photonic crystal and the bulk double-periodic magnetophotonic crystal) in the frequency range 15-45 GHz. In the first part of this paper we describe investigation of structure of the planar double periodic photonic crystal (PDPPC) which consists of two planar photonic crystals with large and small periods. A PDPPC unit cell consists of a series-connected narrow and wide segments of a microstrip transmission line. In the second part of this paper we will discuss results of investigation of a double-periodic magnetophotonic crystal (DPMPC) which consists of 3 unit cells. Each cell consists of periodically located 9 dielectric layers of quartz and teflon. On the border of the cell there is one layer of ferrite. We showed that both for a PDPPC and for a DPMPC in the transmission spectrum of these structures under study, a number of features arise: namely, narrow transmission peaks caused by the superposition of two spectra (with large and small periods) are observed in the stop bands of the spectrum. Such features may further allow the creation of a narrow-band filter for several frequencies for both planar structures and bulk ones.
关键词： magnetophotonic crystal,multi-periodical metamaterial,stop band,pass band,planar photonic crystal,transmission spectrum
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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InGaAs Membrane Waveguide: A Promising Platform for Monolithic Integrated Mid-Infrared Optical Gas Sensor
摘要： Mid-infrared (mid-IR) absorption spectroscopy based on integrated photonic circuits has shown great promise in trace-gas sensing applications in which the mid-IR radiation directly interacts with the targeted analyte. In this paper, considering monolithic integrated circuits with quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and quantum cascade detectors (QCDs), the InGaAs-InP platform is chosen to fabricate passive waveguide gas-sensing devices. Fully suspended InGaAs waveguide devices with holey photonic crystal waveguides (HPCWs) and sub-wavelength grating cladding waveguides (SWWs) are designed and fabricated for mid-infrared sensing at λ=6.15μm in the low index contrast InGaAs-InP platform. We experimentally detect 5 ppm ammonia with a 1 mm long suspended HPCW and separately with a 3 mm long suspended SWW, with propagation losses of 39.1 dB/cm and 4.1 dB/cm, respectively. Furthermore, based on the Beer-Lambert infrared absorption law and the experimental results of discrete components, we estimated the minimum detectable gas concentration of 84 ppb from a QCL/QCD integrated SWW sensor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of suspended InGaAs membrane waveguides in the InGaAs-InP platform at such a long wavelength with gas sensing results. Also, this result emphasizes the advantage of SWWs to reduce the total transmission loss and the size of the fully integrated device’s footprint by virtue of its low propagation loss and TM mode compatibility in comparison to HPCWs. This study enables the possibility of monolithic integration of quantum cascade devices with TM-polarized characteristics and passive waveguide sensing devices for on-chip mid-IR absorption spectroscopy.
关键词： sub-wavelength waveguides,gas sensing,absorption spectroscopy,photonic crystal waveguides,mid-infrared,photonics integrated circuits,quantum cascade devices,parts-per-billion
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers
摘要： An Ag‐graphene layers‐coated H‐shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with a U‐shaped grooves open structure for refractive index (RI) sensing is proposed and numerically simulated by the finite element method (FEM). The designed sensor could solve the problems of air‐holes material coating and analyte filling in PCF. Two big air‐holes in the x‐axis produce a birefringence phenomenon leading to the confinement loss and sensitivity of x‐polarized light being much stronger than y‐polarized. Graphene is deposited on the layer of silver in the grooves; its high surface to volume ratio and rich π conjugation make it a suitable dielectric layer for sensing. The effect of structure parameters such as air‐holes size, U‐shaped grooves depth, thickness of the silver layer and number of graphene layers on the sensing performance of the proposed sensor are numerical simulated. A large analyte RI range from 1.33 to 1.41 is calculated and the highest wavelength sensitivity is 12,600 nm/RIU. In the linear RI sensing region of 1.33 to 1.36; the average wavelength sensitivity we obtained can reach 2770 nm/RIU with a resolution of 3.61 × 10?5 RIU. This work provides a reference for developing a high‐sensitivity; multi‐parameter measurement sensor potentially useful for water pollution monitoring and biosensing in the future
关键词： H‐shaped optical fiber,graphene,liquid refractive index,photonic crystal fibers,surface plasmon resonance
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Paris, France (2019.9.1-2019.9.6)] 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Ionic permeability and interfacial doping of graphene on SiO <sub/>2</sub> measured with Terahertz photoconductivity measurements
摘要： In the field of radio-frequency (RF) communications, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) strategy allows us to attain a higher rate of data transfer due to the multipath-rich environment. In contrast, it is challenging to achieve the same rate in a highly correlated channel that is specific to optical wireless communications. In this paper, we propose the novel concept of an element-by-element optical MIMO system that enables the interference-free reception of parallel symbol streams; it achieves this by using an angular filter (AF) with a narrow transparent window. The AF consists of a one-dimensional photonic crystal, and the angular selectivity is obtained by using the extremely small wave vector regime. We demonstrate that the capacity of the proposed system increases linearly with the minimum number of transmit source elements and receive detectors, which is similar to conventional RF MIMO systems.
关键词： Angular filter,MIMO,capacity,visible light communications,photonic crystal,spatial multiplexing,optical wireless communications
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Design and Simulation of Novel Perovskite/Mg <sub/>2</sub> Si Based Monolithic Tandem Solar Cell With 25.5% Conversion Efficiency
摘要： We investigate wavefront engineering of photon pairs generated through spontaneous parametric down conversion in lithium niobate-based nonlinear photonic crystals (NPCs). Due to the complexity of domain structures, it is more convenient to describe photon interaction based on the nonlinear Huygens–Fresnel principle than conventional quasiphase matching regime. Analytical expressions are obtained to describe the transverse properties of down-converted photon states. The convenience of domain engineering in LiNbO3 crystals provides a potential platform for flexible wavefront manipulation of multiphoton states. The generation of N00N state with orbital angular momentum in a twisted NPC is studied utilizing this method. The obtained state is of great value in quantum cryptography, metrology, and lithography applications.
关键词： N00N state,wavefront engineering,spontaneous parametric down-conversion,nonlinear photonic crystal
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Compact eight-channel wavelength demultiplexer using modified photonic crystal ring resonators for CWDM applications
摘要： An eight-channel wavelength demultiplexer by cascading of ring resonators (RRs) in photonic crystal (PhC) structure is proposed in this paper. In designing of this demultiplexer, we used eight square-shaped PhC RRs with different refractive index (RI) of defect rods to generate a distinctive resonance wavelength. Each PhC RR has a specific resonance wavelength with tuning a variety of design parameters such as RI of a whole, defect and inner rods and radius of defect rods. In operating wavelength of λ0 = 1497 nm, the transmission power and quality factor (Q) of single RR are discovered as 96% and 1000, respectively. The average power transmission, channel spacing, crosstalk and full width at half maximum are found by finite difference time domain method to be about 96 ± 1%, 2.25 nm, ? 35 dB and 1.5 nm, respectively. Simulation outcomes demonstrate that the designed demultiplexer has a proper operation. The footprint of the designed device is about ~ 115 μm2, which makes this device a promising for future photonic integrated circuits.
关键词： Photonic crystal,Square shape ring resonator,Wavelength demultiplexer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP) - Guwahati, India (2019.12.13-2019.12.14)] 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP) - Picosecond Fundamental Soliton Pulse Compression in Self-similarly designed Chalcogenide Taper Photonic Crystal Fiber
摘要： We numerically demonstrate a pulse compression scheme to compress picosecond fundamental soliton at 2500 nm using Self-similarly designed chalcogenide tapered photonic crystal fiber. Exponentially decreasing dispersion along the length of the fiber act as a tool for the compression process. Dynamics of propagating fundamental soliton has been studied by utilizing nonlinear Schr?dinger equation. Quality analysis has also been investigated for different fiber length to achieve efficient compression condition to achieve high quality IR regime pulses.
关键词： Photonic crystal fiber,Chalcogenide fiber,Supercontinuum generation,Pulse Compression,self-similar Analysis
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[OSA Optical Fiber Sensors - Lausanne (2018..-..)] 26th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors - Label-free distributed hydrogen sensing with stimulated Raman scattering in hollow-core fibers
摘要： We present the first experimental demonstration of distributed hydrogen sensing using stimulated Raman scattering in gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fibers. The system performances in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, dynamic range and sensing distance are discussed.
关键词： Fiber optics,Spectroscopy,Fiber optics sensors,Spectroscopy, Raman,Photonic crystal fibers
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Second-harmonic generation from 2D photonic crystal waveguide with simultaneous near-flat dispersions at fundamental frequency and second harmonic
摘要： Photonic crystal waveguides (PCW) have shown great potential to generate second harmonic (SH), but the available schemes with cavity or defect suffer from a lack of multiple wavelengths operation and excessive phase-matching requirement. Here we propose a 2D PCW structure comprised of a modulated single line defect, which is capable of independently controlling the fundamental frequency (FF) and SH modes. Therefore, two near-flat group velocity dispersions can be achieved for these modes, and they simultaneously satisfy phase matching conditions. Based on multiply scattering method, we theoretically demonstrate that the SH resonant modes originated from the nonradiative near-flat dispersion have high quality factors (nearly 6.5 × 104 for the maximum value). And the maximum SH conversion efficiency for these resonant modes are 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of off-resonant modes. In addition, benefitting from the matching of the group velocities of the second harmonic and the fundamental, the central wavelength of SH can be modulated within wavelength range ～3nm. These results can provide potential applications in on-chip integration of photonics and quantum optics.
关键词： Photonic crystal waveguides,Nonlinear optics,Harmonic generation and mixing,Slow light
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59