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Efficient 3D-interfacial solar steam generation enabled by photothermal nanodiamonds paint-coat with optimized heat management
摘要： Photothermal materials are crucial for maximizing the solar energy in solar steam generation. The conventional photothermal materials have limited absorption broadband, complicated manufacture, expensive cost and difficulty in scaling up. To remedy this dilemma, we herein propose a novel cost-effective nanodiamonds(NDs) paint-coat using filter papers (FPs) as a supporting scaffold. The phy-chemical characterizations of samples like morphology, structure and optical properties indicate that the NDs paint-coat has bandwidth absorption, porous network structure, and high absorption ability. For the sake of evaluating their practical applications, NDs paint-coat and 3D conical structures were further designed to constitute a 3D-interfacial solar steam generation (3D-ISSG). Owing to the rationally 3D structure, the heat loss and optical loss have been effectively restrained through optimized heat management within the 3D-ISSG. The experimental results show that the solar thermal conversion efficiency of 3D-ISSG was achieved up to 82.97 % for evaporation under one sun illumination (1 kW/m2), which is about 4.16 times as high as the pure water. Moreover, the 3D-ISSG performs reliable reusability after 15 cycling experiments under 1 kW/m2 solar illumination, indicating its broad application prospect for new energy devices, seawater desalination and water treatment.
关键词： three-dimensional structure,photothermal conversion,interfacial heating,optimized heat management,Nanodiamonds
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Thermocouple-tip-exposing temperature assessment technique for evaluating photothermal conversion efficiency of plasmonic nanoparticles at low laser power density
摘要： A new thermocouple (TC) tip-exposing temperature assessment technique that combines experimental temperature measurements with a numerical model of the photothermal conversion efficiency η is presented. The proposed technique is designed to evaluate η for a gold-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPIO-Au NP) solution (26 nm, 12–70 ppm) at low continuous wave laser power (103 mW, 532 nm) irradiation in a convenient manner under ambient conditions. The TC tip temperature is measured during the first 30 s of the laser exposure, and the results are combined with a finite element model to simulate the temperature rise of the NP solution for a given concentration. The value of η is adjusted in the model until the model agrees with the measured transient TC temperature rise. Values of η = 1.00 were observed for all concentrations. Theoretical predictions of η derived by Mie theory confirmed the near unity conversion efficiency of the as-synthesized SPIO-Au NPs. Advantages of the current technique include co-locating the TC tip in the geometric center of the laser-heated region, rather than outside of this region. In addition, the technique can be done under ambient room conditions using unmodified commercially available hardware.
关键词： finite element model,plasmonic nanoparticles,low laser power density,thermocouple,photothermal conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Quantifying the photothermal conversion efficiency of plasmonic nanoparticles by means of terahertz radiation
摘要： The accurate determination of the photothermal response of nanomaterials represents an essential aspect in many fields, such as nanomedicine. Specifically, photothermal cancer therapies rely on the precise knowledge of the light-to-heat transfer properties of plasmonic nanoparticles to achieve the desired temperature-induced effects in biological tissues. In this work, we present a novel method for the quantification of the photothermal effect exhibited by nanoparticles in aqueous dispersions. By combining the spatial and temporal thermal dynamics acquired at terahertz frequencies, the photothermal conversion efficiency associated with the geometry of the plasmonic nanoparticles can be retrieved in a noncontact and noninvasive manner. The proposed technique can be extended to the characterization of all those nanomaterials which feature a temperature-dependent variation of the refractive index in the terahertz regime.
关键词： terahertz radiation,plasmonic nanoparticles,photothermal conversion efficiency,nanomedicine,photothermal therapy
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Magnetic-induced graphene quantum dots for imaging-guided photothermal therapy in the second near-infrared window
摘要： Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are considered emerging nanomaterials for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer due to their good biocompatibility and rapid excretion. However, the optical absorbance of GQDs in shorter wavelengths (<1000 nm) limits their overall therapeutic efficacies as photothermal agent in the second near infrared window (1000-1700 nm, NIR-II). Herein, we report a type of GQDs with strong absorption (1070 nm) in NIR-II region that was synthesized via a one-step solvothermal treatment using phenol as single precursor by tuning the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under a high magnetic field with an intensity of 9T. The obtained 9T-GQDs demonstrate uniform size distribution (3.6 nm), and tunable fluorescence (quantum yield, 16.67 %) and high photothermal conversion efficacy (33.45%). In vitro and in vivo results indicate that 9T-GQDs could efficiently ablate tumor cells and inhibit the tumor growth under NIR-II irradiation. Moreover, the 9T-GQDs exhibited enhanced NIR imaging of tumor in living mice, suggesting the great probability of using 9T-GQDs for in vivo NIR imaging-guided PTT in the NIR-II window.
关键词： magnetic field,NIR-II absorbance,photothermal conversion,cancer therapy,graphene quantum dot
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Size-Dependent Photothermal Conversion and Photoluminescence of Theranostic NaNdF4 Nanoparticles under Excitation of Different-Wavelength Lasers
摘要： The narrow absorption and emission bands, long fluorescence lifetime, and excellent stability of rare earth nanoparticles (referred to as RE NPs) make them very attractive for multimodal imaging and therapy of cancer. Their narrow absorption requires the careful selection of laser wavelength to achieve the best performance, particularly for RE NPs simultaneously having photothermal and photoluminescent properties (e.g. Nd-based nanoparticles), which has not been investigated. Herein we prepared a series of different sized NaNdF4 nanoparticles (referred to as NNF NPs) (i.e. 4.7, 5.9, 12.8, and 15.6 nm) from ultra-small nanoclusters and investigated their in vitro and in vivo size-dependent photothermal conversion and photoluminescence under irradiation by a 793 nm laser and an 808 nm laser, respectively. We find that all nanoparticles exhibited the better photothermal conversion performance under the irradiation of the 808 nm laser than under the 793 nm laser, of which 12.8 nm NNF NPs showed the best performance, and the temperature of their solution can be quickly increased from 30 ℃ to around 60 ℃ within 10 min under the irradiation of the 808 nm laser with a power intensity of 0.75 W/cm2. When we used the 793 nm laser to excite these NNF NPs, we find that all nanoparticles exhibited the stronger photoluminescence in the second near-infrared window (NIR-Ⅱ) than under the excitation by the 808 nm laser, of which 15.6 nm NNF NPs possessed the strongest NIR-II luminescence. We then modified 12.8 nm NNF NPs with phospholipid carboxyl PEG and functionalize with RGD for actively targeted imaging of cancer. The NaNdF4@PEG@RGD nanoparticles (referred to as NNF-P-R NPs) have good biocompatibility, stability and excellent targeting capability. The in vivo result show that 12.8 nm NNF NPs exhibited better photothermal conversion performance under the irradiation of the 808 nm laser, and stronger NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence under irradiation of the 793 nm laser, which is consistent with in vitro result. This work demonstrates the significance of selection of proper laser wavelength for maximally taking advantage of RE nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
关键词： NaNdF4 nanoparticles,photothermal conversion,size-dependence,NIR-II fluorescence imaging,photoluminescence
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Photothermally-Enhanced Molecular Delivery and Cellular Positioning on Patterned Plasmonic Interfaces
摘要： Photothermal conversion effect of plasmonic nanostructures is considered as a promising technique for cellular and molecular manipulations owing to controllability of local temperature. Therefore, this technique has been extensively applied to biological studies such as controlling cellular behavior, delivery of biologics, and biomolecular detection. Herein, we propose a novel method for directed cell positioning and photothermally-modulated molecular delivery to the cells using patterned plasmonic interfaces. Plasmonic substrates with gold nanorods (GNRs) and cell adhesion molecules fabricated by microcontact printing are optimized for cellular positioning on designated patterns. Through the photothermal conversion effect of GNRs on the pattern, we further demonstrate on-demand, light-induced delivery of drug molecules to the target cells. We expect that this approach will provide a new way to study single cellular behaviors and enhance molecular delivery to the target cells.
关键词： drug delivery,Photothermal conversion,gold nanorods,cell positioning,microcontact printing,plasmonic interfaces
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Ordered polypyrrole nanorings with near-infrared spectrum absorption and photothermal conversion performance
摘要： Ordered polypyrrole nanorings (PPy NRs) morphology is synthesized by direct chemical oxidative polymerization using the composite of cetrimonium cations and peroxydisulfate anions as the soft template. The size of PPy NRs is 200nm, and the diameter of single wire is 50-70nm. These ordered nanorings display strong near-infrared (NIR) spectrum absorption and excellent photothermal conversion performance. The temperature of PPy NRs / polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites is up to about 170°C under irradiation with an 808 nm laser with power of 2.2W. More important, the NIR-response materials PPy NRs /vitrimer can induce the performances of shape memory, reshaping, welding, and self-healing under different NIR irradiation power. This study designs a unique and ordered nanostructure, which achieving outstanding photothermal conversion performance.
关键词： polypyrrole,nanorings,photothermal conversion,near-infrared,vitrimer
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Highly Efficient Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion of a Single Carbon Nanocoil Indicated by Cell Ejection
摘要： Carbon nanocoil (CNC), which has excellent properties of near-infrared (NIR) absorption and photo-electrical response, is considered as a potential NIR sensing and bioengineering material. In this work, a high-speed living cell ejection is realized in a yeast cell solution based on the photothermal conversion induced by a NIR laser irradiation on the surface of a CNC. The cell ejection reveals a thermal convection of solution induced by the laser irradiated CNC and can be used to evaluate the photothermal conversion ability of CNC. The dynamic behavior of the thermal convection behind cell ejection is studied experimentally and analytically. It is found that the initial solution flow velocity of the dynamic process reaches more than 103 μm/s. Approximately, 60% of the laser energy illuminated on the CNC is converted into thermal energy. The unique helical morphology of CNC enables its high NIR photothermal conversion efficiency. The average convective heat transfer coefficient on the contact area between CNC and surrounding water is deduced to be as high as 7.0 × 105 W/(m2·K). These results indicate that CNC has promising potential applications on microfluidics, laser-operated flow cytometers, bioparticle ejection, and micro-/nano-laser-operated heat generators and exchangers.
关键词： Cell ejection,Thermal convection,Carbon nanocoil,Photothermal conversion,Near-infrared
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A Water-soluble, NIR-absorbing Quaterrylenediimide Chromophore for Photoacoustic Imaging and Efficient Photothermal Cancer Therapy
摘要： Precision phototheranostics, including photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy, requires stable photothermal agents. Developing photothermal agents with high stability and high photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE) remains a considerable challenge in biomedical applications. Herein, we introduce a new photothermal agent based on water-soluble quaterrylenediimide (QDI) that can self-assemble into nanoparticles (QDI-NPs) in aqueous solution. Incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the QDI core significantly enhances both physiological stability and biocompatibility of QDI-NPs. These highly photostable QDI-NPs exhibit exciting advantages including intense absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) and high PTCE of up to 64.7 ± 4%. This is higher than that of many other organic photothermal agents, such as graphene or commercial indocyanine green (ICG). Their small size of approximately 10 nm enables a sustained retention in deep tumor sites and at the same time proper clearance from the body. QDI-NPs allow high-resolution photoacoustic imaging and efficient 808 nm laser-triggered photothermal therapy of cancer in vivo. The current study opens a promising way for precision phototheranostics.
关键词： quaterrylenediimide,photoacoustic imaging,NIR-absorption,pharmacokinetics,photothermal conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A Water-soluble, NIR-absorbing Quaterrylenediimide Chromophore for Photoacoustic Imaging and Efficient Photothermal Cancer Therapy
摘要： Precision phototheranostics, including photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy, requires stable photothermal agents. Developing photothermal agents with high stability and high photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE) remains a considerable challenge in biomedical applications. Herein, we introduce a new photothermal agent based on water-soluble quaterrylenediimide (QDI) that can self-assemble into nanoparticles (QDI-NPs) in aqueous solution. Incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the QDI core significantly enhances both physiological stability and biocompatibility of QDI-NPs. These highly photostable QDI-NPs exhibit exciting advantages including intense absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) and high PTCE of up to 64.7 ± 4%. This is higher than that of many other organic photothermal agents, such as graphene or commercial indocyanine green (ICG). Their small size of approximately 10 nm enables a sustained retention in deep tumor sites and at the same time proper clearance from the body. QDI-NPs allow high-resolution photoacoustic imaging and efficient 808 nm laser-triggered photothermal therapy of cancer in vivo. The current study opens a promising way for precision phototheranostics.
关键词： quaterrylenediimide,photoacoustic imaging,NIR-absorption,pharmacokinetics,photothermal conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46