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High Photosensitized Singlet Oxygen Generating Zinc and Chloroindium Phthalocyanines Bearing (4-isopropylbenzyl)oxy Groups as Potential Agents for Photophysicochemical Applications
摘要： In this study, novel phthalonitrile derivatives (1 and 2) and their peripherally and non-peripherally tetra (4-isopropylbenzyl)oxy-substituted zinc and chloroindium phthalocyanine complexes (3-6) have been prepared for the first time. The synthesized phthalonitrile derivatives and phthalocyanine complexes were characterized spectroscopically. Not only the chloroindium phthalocyanines but also zinc phthalocyanines are essentially free from aggregation in THF at the studied micromolar concentration. The purpose is to compare the effects of two types of substitution on the phthalocyanines to be used as sensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Photophysical and photochemical properties of all phthalocyanines are investigated and the results showed that the peripheral phthalocyanines more effectively photooxidize DPBF through singlet oxygen. The photochemical results showed that both ZnPc (3 and 5) and InPc (4 and 6) can be used as sensitizers in PDT because of their very high singlet oxygen quantum yields (range from 0.80 to 0.97).
关键词： Singlet Oxygen,Photosensitizer,Phthalocyanines,Photodynamic Therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Novel scintillating nanocomposite for X-ray induced photodynamic therapy
摘要： We synthesize a novel prospective nanocomposite material for X-ray induced photodynamic therapy. ZnO:Ga core is coated by the SiO2 shell facilitating a functionalization by a photosensitizer, protoporphyrin PpIX layer. By steady-state and time resolved spectroscopy we confirm the presence of energy transfer between the core and the photosensitizer, an essential requirement to induce a cytotoxic effect. Using the commercial chemical probe we also demonstrate the ability of prepared ZnO:Ga@SiO2-PpIX nanocomposite to generate singlet oxygen. Presented results show that this nanocomposite can be considered as a good candidate for potential application in X-ray induced photodynamic therapy.
关键词： Scintillator,Nanocomposite,Zinc oxide,Photodynamic therapy,Singlet oxygen
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Doubly N-Confused Calix[6]phyrin Bis-Organopalladium Complexes: Photostable Triplet Sensitizers for Singlet Oxygen Generation
摘要： Triplet photosensitizers that generate singlet oxygen efficiently are attractive for applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). Extending the absorption band to a near-infrared (NIR) region (700 nm~) with reasonable photostability is one of the major demands in the rational design of such sensitizers. We herein prepared a series of mono- and bis-palladium complexes (1-Pd-H2, 2-Pd-H2, 1-Pd-Pd, and 2-Pd-Pd) based on modified calix[6]phyrins as photosensitizers for singlet oxygen generation. These palladium complexes showed intense absorption profiles in the visible-to-NIR region (500–750 nm) depending on the number of central metals. Upon photoirradiation in the presence of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) as a substrate for reactive oxygen species, the bis-palladium complexes generated singlet oxygen with high efficiency and excellent photostability. Singlet oxygen generation was confirmed from the characteristic spectral feature of the spin trapped complex in the EPR spectrum and the intact 1O2 emission at 1270 nm.
关键词： Photostability,Palladium N-confused calix[6]phyrin,Triplet Photosensitizer,Singlet oxygen
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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The effect of iodide and temperature on enhancing antibacterial properties of nanoparticles with an encapsulated photosensitizer
摘要： Aqueous dispersions of sulfonated polystyrene nanoparticles (average diameter: 30 ± 14 nm) with encapsulated 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) are promising candidates for antibacterial treatments due to the photogeneration of cytotoxic singlet oxygen species O2(1Δg) under physiological conditions using visible light. The antibacterial effect on gram-negative Escherichia coli was significantly enhanced after the addition of nontoxic potassium iodide (0.001–0.01 M) because photogenerated O2(1Δg) oxidized iodide to I2/I3-, which is another antibacterial species. The improved antibacterial properties were predicted using luminescence measurements of O2(1Δg), transient absorption of TPP triplets and singlet oxygen-sensitized delayed fluorescence (SODF). In contrast to a solution of free photosensitizers, the aqueous dispersion of photoactive nanoparticles did not exhibit any quenching of the excited states after the addition of iodide or any tendency toward aggregation and/or photo-aggregation. We also observed a decrease in the lifetime of O2(1Δg) and a significant increase in SODF intensity at higher temperatures, due to the increased oxygen diffusion coefficient in nanoparticles and aqueous surroundings. This effect corresponds with the significantly stronger antibacterial effect of nanoparticles at physiological temperature (37 °C) in comparison with that at room temperature (25 °C).
关键词： Nanoparticles,Antibacterial,Potassium iodide,Singlet oxygen-sensitized delayed fluorescence,Singlet oxygen
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A molecular hybrid producing simultaneously singlet oxygen and nitric oxide by single photon excitation with green light
摘要： Combination of photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy with NO photodonors (NOPD) is opening intriguing horizons towards new and still underexplored multimodal anticancer and antibacterial treatments not based on “conventional” drugs and entirely controlled by light stimuli. In this contribution, we report an intriguing molecular hybrid based on a BODIPY light-harvesting antenna that acts simultaneously as PS and NOPD upon single photon excitation with the highly biocompatible green light. The presented hybrid offers a combination of superior advantages with respect to the other rare cases reported to date, meeting most of the key criteria for both PSs and NOPDs in the same molecular entity such as: (i) capability to generate 1O2 and NO with single photon excitation of biocompatible visible light, (ii) excellent 1O2 quantum yield and NO quantum efficiency, (iii) photogeneration of NO independent from the presence of oxygen, (iv) large light harvesting properties in the green region. Furthermore, this compound together with its stable photoproduct, is well tolerated by both normal and cancer cells in the dark and exhibits bimodal photomortality of cancer cells under green light excitation due to the combined action of the cytotoxic 1O2 and NO.
关键词： Green light,Nitric oxide,Multimodal therapy,Singlet oxygen,BODIPY,Photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Photophysicochemical properties and photodynamic therapy activity of chloroindium(III) tetraarylporphyrins and their gold nanoparticle conjugates
摘要： Novel chloroindium(III) complexes of tetra(4-methylthiophenyl)porphyrin (2a) and tetra-2-thienylporphyrin (2b) dyes have been synthesized and characterized. The main goal of the project was to identify fully symmetric porphyrin dyes with Q-band regions that lie partially in the therapeutic window that are suitable for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). 2a and 2b were found to have fluorescence quantum yield values ≤ 0.01 and moderately high singlet oxygen quantum yields (0.54?0.73) due to heavy atom effects associated with the sulfur and indium atoms. The dark toxicity and PDT activity against epithelial breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were investigated over a dose range of 3.0?40 mg . mL-1. The in vitro dark cytotoxicity of 2a is significantly lower than that of 2b at ≤ 40 mg . mL-1. 2a was conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form a nanoconjugate (2a-AuNPs), which exhibited a higher singlet oxygen quantum yield (FD) value and PDT activity than was observed for 2a alone. The results suggest that the AuNPs nanoconjugates of readily synthesized fully symmetric porphyrin dyes are potentially suitable for PDT applications, if meso-aryl substituents that provide scope for nanoparticle conjugation can be introduced that shift the Q bands into the therapeutic window.
关键词： porphyrins,photophysics,dark toxicity,singlet oxygen,gold nanoparticles,photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Selectivity in Photodynamic Action: Higher Activity of Mitochondria Targeting Photosensitizers in Cancer Cells
摘要： Among the pathways for improving the practice of photodynamic therapy of cancer, increasing the selectivity of photodynamic action is an obvious choice. Considering the different characteristics of mitochondria in normal cells and cancer cells, we designed mitochondria targeting photosensitizers. We now demonstrate that mitochondria targeted photosensitizers by TPP-derivatization, are more selective for cancer cells compared to normal cells, presumably due to larger membrane potential of cancer cell mitochondria allowing more efficient accumulation of the photosensitizer.
关键词： organelle targeting,photodynamic action,singlet oxygen,photosensitizers,photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Continuous In Vivo Monitoring of the Oxygen Concentration in Tissues
摘要： The kinetics of delayed fluorescence and phosphorescence of xanthene dyes in mouse tissues under the pulse-periodic excitation of molecules was studied in vivo and in vitro. The advantages of continuous monitoring of oxygen content in tissues by the kinetics of delayed fluorescence caused by singlet–triplet annihilation of singlet oxygen with triplet excitation of fluorophore are demonstrated. A method is proposed for determining the time of recovery of the concentration of oxygen consumed in tissues in vivo and in vitro during photodynamic processes.
关键词： delayed luminescence,singlet oxygen,tissues,xanthene dyes
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Study on Five Porphyrin-Based Photosensitizers for Singlet Oxygen Generation
摘要： Five porphyrin derivatives were synthesized and characterized in order to be utilized as photosensitizers for singlet oxygen generation. UV-Vis absorption properties of porphyrins were experimentally and theoretically discussed. The results indicated that the increase in π-conjugation of porphyrin core can lower the S1-T1 energy gap and is favorable for efficient energy transfer. The singlet oxygen generation ability of porphyrins was measured and compared under both simulated sunlight and yellow light. As for the results using simulated sunlight, EBHPP and CEBHPP exhibited best and similar performance because they bear strong near-IR absorption and S1-T1 interactions. However, under yellow light conditions CEBHPP has better ability for singlet oxygen generation because of strong absorbance from 650–750 nm. The DNA photocleavage measurements were performed to evaluate the biological activity of the porphyrin derivatives. The photocleavage activities were in the order of TPP < TPP-NO2 < BHPP < EBHPP < CEBHPP, and the possible reasons were discussed. This work is useful for the design of more efficient photosensitizers.
关键词： Photosensitizer,Porphyrin,Singlet oxygen,UV-Vis absorption,Photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Photophysical Properties of Fluorescent Self-Assembled Peptide Nanostructures for Singlet Oxygen Generation
摘要： In this work, a drug delivery system for perillyl alcohol based on the peptide self-assembly containing 3-(2-benzothiazolyl)-7-(diethylamino)coumarin (C6) as a fluorescent additive is obtained, and its photophysical characteristics as well as its release dynamics were studied by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Results proved the dynamics of drug release from the peptide nanostructures and showed that the system formed by the self-assembled peptide and C6, along with perillyl alcohol, presents unique photophysical properties that can be exploited to generate singlet oxygen (1O2) upon irradiation, which is not achieved by the sole components. Through epifluorescence microscopy combined with time-correlated single photon counting fluorescence spectroscopy, the release mechanism was proven to occur upon peptide structure interconversion, which is controlled by environmental changes.
关键词： photophysical properties,perillyl alcohol,drug delivery system,time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy,fluorescent additive,peptide self-assembly,epifluorescence microscopy,singlet oxygen generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01