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Pyrazole appended quinoline-BODIPY based arene ruthenium complexes: their anticancer activity and potential applications in cellular imaging
摘要： Synthesis of an entirely new series of arene ruthenium complexes [Ru(η6-C6H6)(L1)Cl]PF6, (1), [Ru(η6-C10H14)(L1)Cl]PF6 (2), [Ru(η6-C6H6)(L2)Cl]PF6 (3) and [Ru(η6-C10H14)(L2)Cl]PF6 (4) involving 5-[2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)quinoline]-BODIPY (L1) and 5-[6-methoxy-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)quinoline]-BODIPY (L2) was described. The ligands and complexes were thoroughly characterized by various physicochemical techniques and the structures of L1, 1 and 4 were determined by X-ray single crystal analyses. Photo-/ and electrochemical property, DNA binding, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and apoptotic studies on 1–4 were performed by various methods, while singlet oxygen-mediated cytotoxicity via photo-irradiation by visible light was supported by 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran titration studies. Binding of the complexes in the minor groove of CT-DNA via van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions was affirmed by molecular docking studies. In vitro antiproliferative activity and photocytotoxicity of 1–4 were examined against the human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) which clearly showed that these are extremely photocytotoxic under visible light (400–700 nm, 10 J cm?2; IC50 49.15, 1; 25.18, 2; 15.85, 3; 12.87, 4), less toxic in the dark (IC50 > 100 μM) and preferentially accumulate in the lysosome of the HeLa cells. Further, these complexes behave as a potential theranostic agent and their ability to kill cancer cells under visible light lies in the order 4 > 3 > 2 > 1.
关键词： singlet oxygen,arene ruthenium complexes,DNA binding,cellular imaging,BODIPY,photodynamic therapy,anticancer activity
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Crosswise Phthalocyanines with Collinear Functionalization: New Paradigmatic Derivatives for Efficient Singlet Oxygen Photosensitization
摘要： We describe here the preparation of a number of trans-ABAB Zn(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) 1a-g, which combine several interesting features. First, these compounds present high solubility and hindered aggregation, due to the functionalization of two facing isoindole constituents (B) of the ZnPc with bis(trifluoromethylphenyl) units. Second, the other two isoindoles (A) hold extra-annulated phthalimide units containing different substituents in the nitrogen positions, this feature resulting in a collinear arrangement of a variety of functional groups. Some of these collinearly functionalized ZnPcs are interesting building blocks for constructing either homo- or heteroarrays containing ZnPc units. On the other hand, the amphiphilic nature of some members of the series renders them interesting candidates for photosensitization of singlet oxygen. Photophysical studies on ZnPc 1c, selected as model compound of the series, have proven these molecules efficient singlet oxygen photosensitizers in both polar and apolar media, with 1O2 quantum yields (ΦΔ) as high as 0.74.
关键词： photophysics,phthalocyanine,fluorescence,collinear functionalization,singlet oxygen
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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DNA-modulated photosensitization: current status and future aspects in biosensing and environmental monitoring
摘要： Recently, photosensitized oxidation has been explored in many fields of research and applications, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT). Although the photosensitized generation of ROS features emerging applications, controllable management of the photosensitization process is still sometimes problematic. DNA has long been considered the carrier for genetic information. With the in-depth study of the chemical properties of DNA, the molecular function of DNA is gradually witnessed by the scientific community. Undoubtedly, the selective recognition nature of DNA endows them excellent candidate modulators for photosensitized oxidation. According to current research, reports on DNA regulation of photosensitized oxidation can be roughly divided into two categories in principle: P-Q quenching pair-switched photosensitization and host-guest interaction-switched photosensitization. In this review, the development status of these two analytical methods will be summarized, and the future development direction of DNA-modulated photosensitization in biosensing and environmental monitoring will also be prospected.
关键词： DNA,ROS,Singlet oxygen,Photosensitization
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Colorimetric Polymerase Chain Reaction Enabled by a Fast Light-Activated Substrate Chromogenic Detection Platform
摘要： Miniaturization of nucleic acid tests (NATs) into portable, inexpensive detection platforms may aid disease diagnosis in point-of-care (POC) settings. Colorimetric signals are ideal readouts for portable NATs, and it remains of high demand to develop color readouts that are simple, quantitative and versatile. Thus motivated, we report a Fast Light-Activated Substrate cHromogenic polymerase chain reaction (FLASH PCR) that uses DNA intercalating dyes (DIDs) to enable colorimetric nucleic acid detection and quantification. The FLASH system is established on our finding that DID-DNA intercalation can promote the rapid photooxidation of chromogenic substrates through light-induced production of singlet oxygen. Using this principle, we have successfully converted DID-based fluorescent PCR assays into colorimetric FLASH PCR. To demonstrate the practical applicability of FLASH PCR to POC diagnosis, we also fabricated two readout platforms, including a portable electronic FLASH reader and a paper-based FLASH strip. Using the FLASH reader, we were able to detect as low as 60 copies of DNA standards, a limit of detection (LOD) comparable with commercial quantitative PCR. The FLASH strip further enables the reader-free detection of PCR amplicons by converting the colorimetric signal into the visual measurement of distance as a readout. Finally, the practical applicability of the FLASH PCR was demonstrated by the detection and/or quantification of nucleic acid markers in diverse clinical and biological samples.
关键词： FLASH,Singlet Oxygen,Photooxidation,DNA Intercalating Dyes,Colorimetric,Nucleic Acid Tests,Paper-based Strip,Point-of-Care,Portable Electronic Reader,Polymerase Chain Reaction
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Biomimetic approach to inhibition of photooxidation in organic solar cells using beta-carotene as an additive
摘要： Recent efficiency records of organic photovoltaics (OPV) highlight stability as a limiting weakness. Incorporation of stabilizers is a desirable approach for inhibiting degradation - it is inexpensive and readily up-scalable. However, to date, such additives have had limited success. We show that β-carotene (BC), an inexpensive and green, naturally-occurring antioxidant, dramatically improves OPV stability. When compared to non-stabilized reference devices, the accumulated power generation in presence of BC of PTB7:[70]PCBM devices increases by an impressive factor of 6, due to stabilization of both the burn-in and the lifetime, and by a factor of 21 for P3HT:[60]PCBM devices, owing to a longer lifetime. Using electron spin resonance and time-resolved near-IR emission spectroscopies, we probed radical and singlet oxygen concentrations. We demonstrate that singlet oxygen sensitized by [70]PCBM causes the “burn-in” of PTB7:[70]PCBM devices, and that BC effectively mitigates it. Our results provide an effective solution to the problem that currently limits widespread use of OPV.
关键词： singlet oxygen,Organic solar cells,burn-in,antioxidant,stability
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Fluorine-containing graphene quantum dots with a high singlet oxygen generation applied for photodynamic therapy
摘要： Recently, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been extensively studied in biomedical areas such as bio-imaging, bio-sensing and photothermal therapy due to their superior optical and physiochemical properties compared to traditional organic biomarkers. Application of GQDs in photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been explored since 2014, but currently the main challenges are inadequate singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yield (QY), poor solubility and biocompatibility. Herein, we report on the synthesis of a new kind of fluorine-containing GQDs (F-GQDs) by an oxidative cutting method using fluorinated graphite as the raw material. The as-synthesized F-GQDs sample demonstrates an average particle size of 2.1 nm with the fluorine doping content of 1.43%. The F-GQDs have a more excellent water solubility and biocompatibility than the GQDs, and emit strong green fluorescence at 365 nm excitation with the relative fluorescence QY of 13.72%. Moreover, the fluorescence imaging effect as well as photodynamic activity successfully tested in both in vitro HepG2 cell line model and a 3D multicellular spheroids model that mimics the tumour microenvironment. Further studies using UV-visible spectroscopy through the degradation of water-soluble 9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene) dimalonic acid(ABDA) demonstrate that the F-GQDs sample generate 1O2 efficiently (QY = 0.49) under a visible light irradiation. Compared to non-fluorinated GQDs, the as-reported F-GQDs manifest to be a more promising photosensitizer for image-guided PDT.
关键词： singlet oxygen,photodynamic therapy,biocompatibility,fluorine-containing,graphene quantum dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and red lasers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells
摘要： To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and a red laser in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Guaiazulene solutions (1, 2, 5, 25, 35, and 100 μM in 99.8% methanol) were irradiated with red laser light (625 nm, 151.5 mW/cm2) in continuous mode at 0, 4, and 8 J/cm2 in black 96-well plates. ROS were measured using spin trapping technique with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and fluorescence. The two highest concentrations were tested using cell viability (PrestoBlue?) and anti-inflammation (RANTES and PGE2 ELISA) assay kits. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analyses with significant differences at p-value < 0.05. Guaiazulene solutions between 2 and 5 μM exposed to red laser light at 4-8 J/cm2 generated significantly more singlet oxygen compared to the no guaiazulene group (p < 0.01) and reduced RANTES and PGE2 levels in TNF-α-inflamed peripheral blood mononuclear cells without affecting cell viability. Photodynamic activation of guaiazulene generated singlet oxygen and suppressed inflammatory markers in PBMCs.
关键词： Electron spin resonance spectrometer,RANTES,Fluorescence probe,Singlet oxygen,PGE2,Guaiazulene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Spatial Heterogeneity of Cadmium Effects on Salvia sclarea Leaves Revealed by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Analysis and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
摘要： In this study, for a first time (according to our knowledge), we couple the methodologies of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis (CF-IA) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), in order to investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd) accumulation on photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. We used as plant material Salvia sclarea that grew hydroponically with or without (control) 100 μM Cd for five days. The spatial heterogeneity of a decreased effective quantum yield of electron transport (ΦPSII) that was observed after exposure to Cd was linked to the spatial pattern of high Cd accumulation. However, the high increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), at the leaf part with the high Cd accumulation, resulted in the decrease of the quantum yield of non-regulated energy loss (ΦNO) even more than that of control leaves. Thus, S. sclarea leaves exposed to 100 μM Cd exhibited lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as singlet oxygen (1O2). In addition, the increased photoprotective heat dissipation (NPQ) in the whole leaf under Cd exposure was sufficient enough to retain the same fraction of open reaction centers (qp) with control leaves. Our results demonstrated that CF-IA and LA-ICP-MS could be successfully combined to monitor heavy metal effects and plant tolerance mechanisms.
关键词： effective quantum yield (ΦPSII),non-photochemical quenching (NPQ),photoprotective mechanism,photochemical quenching (qp),photosynthetic heterogeneity,phytoremediation,reactive oxygen species (ROS),bioimaging,singlet oxygen (1O2),clary sage
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Unsaturation‐dependent Nanostructures Self‐assembled from Oligopeptide Amphiphile Capable of Generating Singlet Oxygen
摘要： We report here on three oligopeptide amphiphiles (OPA1-3) with different unsaturated double bonds, which self-assemble into shape-specific nanostructures. It was found that OPA1 with saturated hydrophobic tail self-assembled into conventional cylindrical nanofibers, while the unsaturated OPA2-3 molecules self-organized into helical nanoarchitectures. Due to the different double bond numbers in hydrophobic tails of OPA2-3, the helical pitch and width of their self-assemblies varied. Specially, linoleic acid-bearing OPA3 could be oxidized by lipoxidase to create hydroperoxide-containing OPA4, which further generated singlet oxygen (1O2) in the presence of catalytic iron (II) ion. The established system may provide a self-deliverable nanoplatform for 1O2-mediated cancer treatment.
关键词： helical structure,self-assembly,unsaturated oligopeptide amphiphile,singlet oxygen
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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DNA binding, prominent photonuclease activity and antibacterial PDT of cobalt(II) complexes of phenanthroline based photosensitizers
摘要： The chemistry of Co(II) complexes showing efficient light induced DNA cleavage activity, binding propensity to calf thymus DNA and antibacterial PDT is summarized in this article. Complexes of formulation [Co(mqt)(B)2]ClO4 1–3 where mqt is 4-methylquinoline-2-thiol and B is N,N-donor heterocyclic base, viz. 1,10-phenanthroline (phen 1), dipyrido[3,2-d:20,30-f]quinoxaline (dpq 2) and dipyrido[3,2-a:20,30-c]phenazine (dppz 3) have been prepared and characterized. The DNA-binding behaviors of these three complexes were explored by absorption spectra, viscosity measurements and thermal denaturation studies. The DNA binding constants for complexes 1, 2 and 3 were determined to be 1.6 (cid:2) 103 M(cid:3)1, 1.1 (cid:2) 104 M(cid:3)1 and 6.4 (cid:2) 104 M(cid:3)1 respectively. The experimental results suggest that these complexes interact with DNA through groove binding mode. The complexes show significant photocleavage of supercoiled (SC) DNA proceeds via a type-II process forming singlet oxygen as the reactive species. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy was studied using photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) assay against E. coli and all complexes exhibited significant reduction in bacterial growth on photoirradiation.
关键词： singlet oxygen,photocleavage,photoirradiation,Groove binding
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04