- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Skeletal tailoring of two-dimensional π-conjugated polymer (g-C3N4) through sodium salt for solar-light driven photocatalysis
摘要： Structural modi?cation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) by addition of sodium salt has been investigated for solar light-driven photocatalysis. The results from optical study indicates that the incorporation of sodium ions decreases band gap energy along with upward shifts of conduction and valence band. However, no substantial increment in surface area was observed, but morphological and optical studies con?rm that the structural deformation of g-C3N4 through sodium salt activates the ?n π * electronic transition, which can extend the absorption range to the red region attributing towards a reduced charge recombination, narrow band gap, and high conduction band edge. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of sodium doped g-C3N4 (0.6Na-g-C3N4) was examined under solar light for di?erent operational conditions in terms of phenol degradation of real tannery e?uent, and it was found that under optimum experimental conditions, i.e., 5 h solar irradiance, pH 5, H2O2 concentration 800 mg/L with a ?ow rate of 4 L/h, 0.6 Na- g-C3N4 exhibits 84.22% reduction in phenol while for g-C3N4 only 63.53% was observed.
关键词： Graphitic carbon nitride,Photocatalytic activity,Charge recombination,Solar irradiance,Band gap,Sodium salt
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
[IEEE 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2) - Beijing, China (2018.10.20-2018.10.22)] 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2) - A Power Prediction System for Photo-Voltaic Power Plants
摘要： In this paper, a frequency domain identification-based power prediction system is developed for the photo-voltaic (PV) power plant. A first-order plus dead time (FOPDT) model of the PV power plant is first identified using the daily PV power plant operating data. Given the identified FOPDT model, we do discretization to obtain an FOPDT-based iterative calculation formula for the PV power prediction. Finally, a portable Power Prediction software of Python is developed using the resulting iterative calculation formula. In numerical experiments, we showcase the effectiveness of the Power Prediction software by applying it to real data.
关键词： Solar Irradiance,Python,Photovoltaic Power plant,Portable,Frequency Identification,Power Prediction
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Adaption of an array spectroradiometer for total ozone column retrieval using direct solar irradiance measurements in the UV spectral range
摘要： A compact array spectroradiometer that enables precise and robust measurements of solar UV spectral direct irradiance is presented. We show that this instrument can retrieve total ozone column (TOC) accurately. The internal stray light, which is often the limiting factor for measurements in the UV spectral range and increases the uncertainty for TOC analysis, is physically reduced so that no other stray-light reduction methods, such as mathematical corrections, are necessary. The instrument has been extensively characterised at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Germany. During an international total ozone measurement intercomparison at the Iza?a Atmospheric Observatory in Tenerife, the high-quality applicability of the instrument was verified with measurements of the direct solar irradiance and subsequent TOC evaluations based on the spectral data measured between 12 and 30 September 2016. The results showed deviations of the TOC of less than 1.5 % from most other instruments in most situations and not exceeding 3 % from established TOC measurement systems such as Dobson or Brewer.
关键词： stray-light reduction,direct solar irradiance measurements,array spectroradiometer,total ozone column,UV spectral range
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Comparative Validation of Clear Sky Irradiance Models over Finland
摘要： Accurate knowledge of the solar irradiance is required for various climate and energy applications. For these applications as well as irradiance forecasts, estimates of clear sky irradiance are often essential as basis for further calculations. In this paper we comparatively validate clear sky irradiance estimates from four fast clear sky models with varying atmospheric inputs. The comparison is made against in situ irradiance observations from five stations in southern Finland, for four summer months in 2016. The main atmospheric inputs, Aerosol Optical Depth and water vapour, are taken from MACC and ERA-Interim reanalysis datasets. Nearly all models underestimate irradiance in the used sites, with McClear, Pvlib Ineichen and Pvlib Solis with default input performing the best. The use of reanalysis inputs increase the Solis errors, which is considered to be because of the AOD and water vapour climatologies not representing the specific sites and times adequately.
关键词： validation,MACC,solar irradiance,clear sky models,Finland,ERA-Interim
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
[IEEE 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Singapore (2018.5.22-2018.5.25)] 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Quality Control for Solar Irradiance Data
摘要： With the advent of sensing technology, high-resolution data have become ubiquitous among various smart grid applications. Whereas the data provide valuable empirical evidence, they are often, if not always, subject to significant measurement uncertainty. However, nor is there any standardized procedure to quality control (QC) these data. In this regard, this paper investigates the well-known dataset from the Baseline Solar Radiation Network (BSRN). BSRN archives (mostly) 1-min solar irradiance data from 60 stations around the world for over two decades. A six-step QC procedure is demonstrated using the BSRN data.
关键词： solar irradiance,quality control,BSRN
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
[IEEE 2017 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE) - Dehradun (2017.12.18-2017.12.19)] 2017 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE) - Calculating Optimum Angle for Solar Panels of Dhaka, Bangladesh for Capturing Maximum Irradiation
摘要： This paper calculates the most optimum angle for solar panel for 365 days of the year individually using geographical location of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Then it calculates total solar irradiation if any angle is kept constant for 365 days. Then it compares the outputs and determines angle for capturing maximum irradiation. Then it verifies the result with another method. The result presents optimum tilt angle for the city of Dhaka.
关键词： declination angle,bright sunshine hour,total solar irradiance,Latitude,optimum tilt angle,sunset angle,hour angle
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Atmospheric response to the 20 March 2015 solar eclipse along the whole aerosol column by lidar measurements
摘要： Lidar measurements at 355, 532, and 1064 nm have been performed at Lecce (40.3°N, 18.1°E), in south-eastern Italy, to investigate for the first time the impact of the 20 March 2015 solar eclipse on both the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and the aerosol optical and microphysical properties along the whole aerosol column. The partial solar eclipse lasted from 08:30 up to 10:47 UTC and reached the full phase at 09:37 UTC. The maximum percentage obscuration of the solar disk was 43.6%. The eclipse cooling effect was responsible at the full phase time (tF) for the downward solar irradiance decrease at the top of the atmosphere, at the surface, and within the atmosphere of 429.2 ± 0.6, 373 ± 25, and 56 ± 26 W m-2, respectively. The turbulent kinetic energy, the potential temperature flux, the sensible heat flux, the variance of air temperature, and the vertical wind speed at the surface revealed that the turbulence activity reached the maximum weakening at the time tF. The standard deviation (SD) technique has been applied to both the lidar range corrected signals (RCS) at 1064 nm and the linear volume depolarization ratio (δV) profiles at 355 nm to determine the time evolution of the shallow PBL height and the aloft aerosol layers. The SD technique applied to RCS and δV profiles revealed similar results within experimental uncertainties. The PBL height, which was equal to 380 ± 40 m above ground level (AGL) at the eclipse full phase (09:37 UTC), decreased up to 220 ± 20 m at 09:45 UTC because of the eclipse cooling effect, and then increased up to 320 ± 30 m at 10:17 UTC. The determined PBL height time evolution was in good agreement with the ones of the main turbulence parameters at the surface after tF. The vertical profiles of the aerosol backscatter coefficient (β), the δV at 355 nm, and the extinction-related ?ngstr?m exponent (?), calculated at the 355-1064 nm wavelength pair revealed a marked decrease of β, δV, and ? at the eclipse full phase, within the aloft aerosol layers. The abrupt β, δV, and ? decrease due to the aerosol concentration and type changes has mainly been associated with the decrease of the fine-mode particle contribution.
关键词： solar irradiance,Solar eclipse,lidar measurements,atmospheric aerosols,turbulence parameters,planetary boundary layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
A gridded optimization model for photovoltaic applications
摘要： This study aims to develop a gridded optimization model for studying photovoltaic applications in Nordic countries. The model uses the spatial and temporal data generated by the mesoscale models STR?NG and MESAN developed by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. The model is developed based on the comparison between five irradiance databases, three decomposition models, two transposition models, and two photovoltaic models. Several techno-economic and environmental aspects of photovoltaic systems and photovoltaic systems integrated with batteries are investigated from a spatial perspective.
关键词： Self-consumption,Photovoltaics,Optimization,Sweden,Solar irradiance assessment,Energy payback time
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Experimental Study of the Spectral and Angular Solar Irradiance
摘要： We developed an experimental set-up and procedure to measure spectral and angular solar irradiance to accurately predict and optimize solar power plant performance. The set-up is comprised of a fiber coupled spectrometer mounted to a rotational stage which allows for 360? light capture. The lightweight and flexible design enables irradiance measurements at any location. Measurements were taken in Enschede, Netherlands and in Phoenix, AZ, USA. We find a strong location, dependence of spectro-angular irradiance on the surroundings and cloud coverage which needs to be considered when modelling and optimizing location dependent solar power plant output.
关键词： spectral albedo,Bifacial solar cells,spectral and angular irradiance,solar irradiance measurements
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Photovoltaic panels as shading resources for livestock
摘要： Based on our search, we believe that this is the first paper to evaluate the use of photovoltaic panels as shade resources for livestock. Photovoltaic panels can provide artificial shades to protect livestock against intense solar radiation while serving as a clean energy source, reducing CO2 emission, and providing an additional source of income to farmers. These benefits foster sustainable livestock farming practices. In this study, we (1) determined livestock shade preference for photovoltaic panels and the classical 80%-blockage cloth material, and (2) quantified the reduction in radiant heat load provided by these shade structures. To determine the shade preference, the behavior of five Corriedale lambs and six Corriedale ewes were observed in a paddock with two shade structures (one with photovoltaic panels and another with an 80%-blockage cloth). The following behavioral activities were determined using the instantaneous scan sampling method each 10-min from 07:00h to 17:00h: grazing, ruminating, idling, lying, standing, under the sun, under the shade from photovoltaic panels, and under the shade from cloth. To correlate animal behavior with environmental conditions and to quantify the reduction in radiant heat load provided by these shade structures, the following meteorological variables were recorded: solar radiation (total and short-wave), air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and black-globe temperature (in the shades and in the sun). We observed that the animals spent less than 1% of their time under the shade from cloth compared to 38% under the shade from photovoltaic panels and 61% exposed to the sun. Sheep preference for shade projected by photovoltaic panels might be explained by the reduced radiant heat load (approximately lower by 40 W m-2) compared to that from the cloth. When the intensity of solar radiation increased from 250 to 850 W m-2, the time the animals spent outside the shades decreased from 96.7 ± 3.6 % to 30.2 ± 6.3 %, which was coupled with a similar increase in the time spent in the shade from photovoltaic panels (from 13.0 ± 3.3 % to 69.3 ± 6.2 %). For the same increase in solar radiation, the energy generated (integrated over 5-min) by the photovoltaic panels increased from 38.8 ± 5.9 to 197.9 ± 3.8 kWh. Over a period of one year, an electric energy of 5.19 MWh (monthly average of 432.33 kWh) was generated and 2.77 tons of CO2 were not emitted to the atmosphere. In economic terms, the electric energy generated in one year was equivalent to a saving of $740.
关键词： photovoltaic panel,tropical conditions,livestock,shade,solar irradiance
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57