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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Porto, Portugal (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Low Power Image Processing Applications on FPGAs Using Dynamic Voltage Scaling and Partial Reconfiguration
摘要： The TULIPP project aims to facilitate the development of embedded image processing systems with real-time and low-power constraints. In this paper, several adaptive dynamic runtime techniques for reconfigurable SoCs are described. These methods are used for low power image processing applications on high-performance embedded platforms. Dynamic voltage scaling and dynamic partial reconfiguration target the low-power requirements of the embedded systems while debugging supports the fast development on the hardware side of the system. The proposed techniques were tested and verified using an own developed custom SDSoC image processing library.
关键词： low power,FPGA,image processing,Debugging,Embedded systems,reconfigurable,real-time,Dynamic Voltage Scaling,Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Porto, Portugal (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Energy and Execution Time Comparison of Optical Flow Algorithms on SIMD and GPU Architectures
摘要： This article presents and compares optimized implementations of two optical flow algorithms on several target boards comprising multi-core SIMD processors and GPUs. The two algorithms are Horn-Schunck (HS) and TV-L1, and have been chosen because they are both well-known, and because of their different computational complexity and accuracy. For both algorithms, we have made parallel optimized SIMD implementations, while HS has also been implemented on GPUs. For each algorithm, the comparison between the different versions and target boards is carried out in a two-dimensional fashion: in terms of computing speed – in order to achieve real-time computation – and in terms of energy consumption since we target embedded systems. The results show that for HS, the GPUs are the most efficient in both dimensions, able to process in real-time performances (25 frames per second) up to 8 Mpix images for 0.35 J per image, against 1.8 Mpix images for 0.24 J per image on CPU. The results also highlight the impact of optimizations on TV-L1: far slower than HS without optimization, it can almost match its performance after optimization on CPU, and can achieve real-time performances with 0.25 J for 1.4 Mpix images. We hope these results will help developers design optical flow embedded systems.
关键词： embedded systems,TV-L1,optical flow,real-time processing,energy consumption,GPU,Horn-Schunck,SIMD
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Computer, Communication, Chemical, Materials and Electronic Engineering (IC4ME2) - Rajshahi, Bangladesh (2019.7.11-2019.7.12)] 2019 International Conference on Computer, Communication, Chemical, Materials and Electronic Engineering (IC4ME2) - Wet Chemical etching for edge Isolation of Solar cell using HNA
摘要： Embedded software is at the core of current and future telecommunication, automotive, multimedia, and industrial automation systems. The success of practically any industrial application depends on the embedded software system’s dependability, and one method to verify the dependability of a system is testing its robustness. The motivation behind this paper is to provide a knowledge base of the state of the practice in robustness testing of embedded software systems and to compare this to the state of the art. We have gathered the information on the state of the practice in robustness testing from seven different industrial domains (telecommunication, automotive, multimedia, critical infrastructure, aerospace, consumer products, and banking) by conducting 13 semi-structured interviews. We investigate the different aspects of robustness testing, such as the general view of robustness, relation to requirements engineering and design, test execution, failures, and tools. We highlight knowledge from the state of the practice of robustness testing of embedded software systems. We found different robustness testing practices that have not been previously described. This paper shows that the state of the practice, when it comes to robustness testing, differs between organizations and is quite different from the state of the art described in the scienti?c literature. For example, methods commonly described in the literature (e.g., the fuzzy approach) are not used in the organizations we studied. Instead, the interviewees described several ad hoc approaches that take speci?c scenarios into account (e.g., power failure or overload). Other differences we found concern the classi?cation of robustness failures, the hypothesized root causes of robustness failures, and the types of tools used for robustness testing. This paper is a ?rst step in capturing the state of the practice of robustness testing of embedded software systems. The results can be used by both researchers and practitioners. Researchers can use our ?ndings to understand the gap between the state of the art and the state of the practice and develop their studies to ?ll this gap. Practitioners can also learn from this knowledge base regarding how they can improve their practice and acquire other practices.
关键词： interviews,survey,embedded systems,robustness,state of the practice,Testing,state of the art
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT) - Vellore, India (2019.3.22-2019.3.23)] 2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT) - Photovoltaic supplied push pull converter for wireless power transfer applications
摘要： Embedded software is at the core of current and future telecommunication, automotive, multimedia, and industrial automation systems. The success of practically any industrial application depends on the embedded software system’s dependability, and one method to verify the dependability of a system is testing its robustness. The motivation behind this paper is to provide a knowledge base of the state of the practice in robustness testing of embedded software systems and to compare this to the state of the art. We have gathered the information on the state of the practice in robustness testing from seven different industrial domains (telecommunication, automotive, multimedia, critical infrastructure, aerospace, consumer products, and banking) by conducting 13 semi-structured interviews. We investigate the different aspects of robustness testing, such as the general view of robustness, relation to requirements engineering and design, test execution, failures, and tools. We highlight knowledge from the state of the practice of robustness testing of embedded software systems. We found different robustness testing practices that have not been previously described. This paper shows that the state of the practice, when it comes to robustness testing, differs between organizations and is quite different from the state of the art described in the scienti?c literature. For example, methods commonly described in the literature (e.g., the fuzzy approach) are not used in the organizations we studied. Instead, the interviewees described several ad hoc approaches that take speci?c scenarios into account (e.g., power failure or overload). Other differences we found concern the classi?cation of robustness failures, the hypothesized root causes of robustness failures, and the types of tools used for robustness testing. This paper is a ?rst step in capturing the state of the practice of robustness testing of embedded software systems. The results can be used by both researchers and practitioners. Researchers can use our ?ndings to understand the gap between the state of the art and the state of the practice and develop their studies to ?ll this gap. Practitioners can also learn from this knowledge base regarding how they can improve their practice and acquire other practices.
关键词： interviews,robustness,state of the practice,Testing,state of the art,survey,embedded systems
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Low-cost solution of LED driving, designed for tunable white lighting systems
摘要： Aiming at increased lighting comfort, new types of light fixtures may currently be seen that may not only be dimmed, but can also adjust the temperature of the light. The ability to adjust the brightness and color temperature is not only supposed to create a pleasant atmosphere, but it may also have a positive effect on human organism, especially if luminaries can be controlled to get as close as possible to the dynamics of natural light. The change in color temperature is known to affect the production of the melatonin hormone in the human body. This capacity is especially useful in situations where we need to increase the alertness of people working at night and thus increase their performance when carrying out certain tasks. This paper deals with the design of a low-cost solution for the power supply units of LED light fittings able to adjust the brightness and temperature of light aiming to achieve the best electrical parameters. While working on the design, the possibility of adding other electronic components to the power supply was considered, which would further increase its usefulness in the future. Experimental results of the power supply efficiency measurements for different control frequencies are presented.
关键词： Embedded Systems,Communication for Control Systems,Microprocessors and Microcontrollers,Building and home automation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2018 Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS) - Bilbao, Spain (2018.6.4-2018.6.7)] 2018 Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS) - Lighting IoT Test Environment (LITE) Platform: Evaluating Light-Powered, Energy HarvestingEmbedded Systems
摘要： As interest in the Internet of Things (IoT) grows, so does the requirement for distributed sensing, computation, and communication. Some projections reach a scale of over a trillion wireless devices, which creates a battery replacement challenge that is unsustainable for both human resources (replacement effort) and the environment (disposal). One ?eld of research that strives to meet this challenge is energy harvesting (EH) for self-powered systems. Photovoltaic (PV) cells enable EH capabilities and provide high energy density. They are also typically inexpensive, often making them the transducer of choice for self-powered systems. However, the performance of these EH nodes is rarely evaluated under realistic IoT environmental conditions, such as variable indoor lighting. Under low light, PV cells draw very little power and could place the self-powered system in a standby or even nonfunctional state. Most evaluations of EH systems in various lighting environments use software simulations to predict the behaviour of these nodes, but approximate models lack the exactness required to help with veri?cation of hardware in real conditions. Another approach is user testing in the ?eld, but this arduous solution would incur a variety of costs. This paper presents a third alternative: the Lighting IoT Test Environment (LITE) platform. The LITE platform is a tool that provides insight on how light-powered EH systems operate in low lighting environments. The LITE platform is able to physically emulate a variety of indoor and outdoor lighting sources with a novel mapping technique and provide time-series, environmental simulation of that source on a device under test (DUT). The light source emulation and time-series simulation capabilities are characterized with a worst case mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.2% and MAPE of 0.5%, respectively. By enabling engineers to accurately understand how these self-powered systems work under real world conditions, the LITE platform will better equip them to design, debug, and distribute fully functional and sustainable IoT nodes.
关键词： internet of things,test platform,system on chip,embedded systems,photovoltaic,energy harvesting,veri?cation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) - Rio de Janeiro (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) - Estimation of global solar irradiance with LDR sensor and artificial neural network embedded in an 8-bit microcontroller
摘要： This work deals with the estimation of global solar irradiance in an embedded platform through the use of a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor and its temperature. A prototype is built and has its values compared to the data obtained through a commercial pyranometer. An Multilayer Perceptron neural network is used to provide a non-linear regression between the voltage and temperature signals of the LDR on the commercial sensor irradiance data in a data analysis software. A regression with determination coef?cient of 96.466 % and with mean squared error of 0.04 was obtained. The neural network present in the embedded system has 100% accuracy in relation to the neural network present in the data analysis software used. The minimum response time of the prototype is 13.49 ms and its dissipated power is 27.2 mW, making the approach quite promising. This neural estimation, using simple sensors like the LDR, can help to reduce the cost of renewable energy applications and make it easier to implement.
关键词： solar irradiance,renewable energies,nonlinear regression,embedded systems,light dependent resistor,multilayer perceptron
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Design, Characterization, and Test of a Versatile Single-Mode Power-Over-Fiber and Communication System for Seafloor Observatories
摘要： A power-over-fiber (PoF) and communication system for extending a cabled seafloor observatory is demonstrated in this contribution. The system allows the cabled seafloor observatory to be linked, through a single optical fiber, to a sensor node located 8 km away. The PoF system is based on an optical architecture in which power and data propagate simultaneously on the same single-mode fiber. The Raman scattering effect is exploited to amplify the optical data signals and leads to the minimization of the sensor node power consumption. Versatile low power electronic interfaces have been developed to ensure compatibility with a wide range of marine sensors. A low-consumption field-programmable gate array and an energy-efficient microcontroller are used to develop the electronic interfaces. For an electrical input power of 31 W, up to 190 mW is recovered at the sensor node while a data bitrate of up to 3.6 Mb/s is achieved. The PoF system has been tested and validated for turbidity and acoustic measurement applications. The current study focuses on the electronic development and the validation of the PoF system.
关键词： Raman amplification,Low power embedded systems,power-over-fiber (PoF),seafloor observatories,remote sensing
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Identification of Design Considerations for Small Satellite Remote Sensing Systems in Low Earth Orbit
摘要： The Sergio Arboleda University is preparing its next satellite mission, named Libertad 2. It will carry out a system of image acquisition as a working tool for researches based on the obtained data. Complete methodologies are often used in the development of satellite missions for planning, execution and deployment, for example, the standards of the European Cooperation for Space Standardization; these methodologies, however, do not include technical specifications or requirements for the development of nano-satellites nor for their subsystems. For this reason, this article focuses on the identification of the characteristics, requirements and restrictions, which must be considered in the design of a remote sensing system for satellites under the CubeSat standard, in order to serve as a starting point for the development of the main payload of the Libertad 2 mission.
关键词： CMOS APS,Embedded systems,Low earth orbit,Remote sensing,PCB,CubeSat
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46