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Alkaline-Earth Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) Additives for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Environmental instability of Spiro-OMeTAD-based hole transport layer (HTL) caused due to rapid aggregation and hydration of its additive, Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI), gives rise to an accelerated degradation of the resulting perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we show that replacing the Li-TFSI with the more hydrophobic alkaline-earth bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide additives, namely Mg-TFSI2 and Ca-TFSI2, can effectively stabilize the coordination complexes between the TFSI-salts and 4-tert-Butylpyridine, which in turn results in retarded additive aggregation and hydration, enabling enhanced moisture-resistance of the subsequent HTLs. Moreover, by manipulating this substitution method, we achieved high-quality HTLs with increased hole mobility, better-formed interface with the adjacent perovskite, allowing improved hole extraction process. Incorporating these HTLs into photovoltaic devices, we obtained a substantial performance improvement, with the champion PSC yielded a power conversion efficiency of over 20%. In addition, un-encapsulated devices stabilized by the alkaline-earth bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide additive maintained 83% its initial efficiency for 193 days after aging in ambient air (RH% = 55-70%).
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,4-tert-Butylpyridine,environmental stability,alkaline-earth bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide),hole transport layer,charge transfer
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Pb and Li co-doped NiOx for efficient inverted planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： Organic-inorganic halide perovskites solar cells have garnered increasing attention in recent years due to the dramatic rise in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), selecting appropriate hole transport materials to insert between perovskite layer and electrodes can improve Schottky contact, facilitate the hole transport, therefore reduce charge recombination, and therefore improve cell performance. Doping of metal cation is an effective means to regulate energy level structure and change its conductivity. In this study, we novelly introduce the Pb2+ doped NiOx as the hole transport materials to decrease the energy loss between NiOx and the perovskite layer, which improves open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the PSCs. In order to improve the conductivity of the NiOx film, the Li+ co-doping is introduced. We introduce Pb and Li co-doping strategy to match the work function of doped NiOx with perovskite valence band energy level, and increase the conductivity of NiOx for high-efficiency inverted planar PSCs. The Pb and Li co-doped NiOx devices exhibit efficient hole extraction and enhanced conductivity, which improve the performance of inverted planar PSCs to 17.02% compared with 15.40% of the undoped device.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,Power conversion efficiency,Pb and Li co-doping,Hole transport layer,NiOx
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Enhanced Efficiencies of Perovskite Solar Cells by Incorporating Silver Nanowires into the Hole Transport Layer
摘要： In this study, we incorporated silver nanowires (AgNWs) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a hole transport layer (HTL) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The e?ect of AgNW incorporation on the perovskite crystallization, charge transfer, and power conversion e?ciency (PCE) of PVSCs were analyzed and discussed. Compared with neat PEDOT:PSS HTL, incorporation of few AgNWs into PEDOT:PSS can signi?cantly enhance the PCE by 25%. However, the AgNW incorporation may result in performance overestimation due to the lateral charge transfer. The corrosion of AgNWs with a perovskite layer was discussed. Too much AgNW incorporation may lead to defects on the interface between the HTL and the perovskite layer. An extra PEDOT:PSS layer over the pristine PEDOT:PSS-AgNW layer can prevent AgNWs from corrosion by iodide ions.
关键词： PEDOT:PSS,inverted perovskite solar cell,hole transport layer,silver nanowire
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Functionalized and reduced graphene oxide as hole transport layer and for use in ternary organic solar cell
摘要： Here is reported the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) by using a new graphene oxide derivative as hole transport layer (HTL). OSCs are based on the PTB7:PC71BM blend as active layer and the alternative top electrode Field’s metal (Bi/In/Sn: 32.5%, 51%, 16.5%), which can be easily deposited through a vacuum-free process at regular atmosphere and low temperature (90°C). Graphene oxide (GO) was chemically functionalized and reduced with pentafluorophenylhydrazine, this fluorinated reduced graphene oxide (F5-rGO) was suspended in dimethylformamide for easy deposit by wet techniques such as spin-cast. F5-rGO has a work-function of 5.1 eV due to the high electronegativity of fluorine atoms incorporated into the GO sheets. The best achieved PCE of the OSCs fabricated for a single layer of F5-rGO was 5.82%. An enhanced PCE of 7.67% when F5-GO was used as interlayer between ITO and PEDOT:PSS was reached (PCE of PEDOT:PSS-based was 7.29%). Additionally, functionalized and reduced (chemically) graphene oxide (H5-rGO) was also obtained from GO treated with phenylhydrazine, and ternary OSCs were also prepared by adding H5-rGO to the PTB7:PC71BM blend at different weight ratios: 0, 3, and 6%. The best results were achieved with 3% of H5-rGO: OSCs presented a PCE of 7.56%.
关键词： Functionalized-reduced graphene oxide,PTB7:PC71BM,Hole transport layer,Ternary OSCs,Organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Interfacial Modification and Defect Passivation by Crosslinking Interlayer for Efficient and Stable CuSCN-Based Perovskite Solar Cell
摘要： Study of the inorganic hole-transport layer (HTL) in perovskite solar cell (PSC) is gathering attention due to the drawback of conventional PSC design, where the organic HTL with salt dopants majorly participates in the degradation mechanisms. On the other hand, inorganic HTL secures better stability, while it offers difficulties in the deposition and interfacial control to realize high-performing devices. In this study, we demonstrate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as an ideal polymeric interlayer which prevents the interfacial degradation, and improves both photovoltaic performance and stability of CuSCN-based PSC by its crosslinking behavior. Surprisingly, the PDMS polymers are identified to form chemical bonds with perovskite and CuSCN, as shown by Raman spectroscopy. This novel crosslinking interlayer of PDMS enhances the hole-transporting property at the interface and passivates the interfacial defects, realizing the PSC with high power-conversion efficiency over 19%. Furthermore, the utilization of PDMS interlayer greatly improves the stability of solar cells against both humidity and heat, by mitigating the interfacial defects and interdiffusion. The PDMS-interlayered PSCs retained over 90% of the initial efficiencies, both after 1000 h under ambient condition (unencapsulated) and after 500 h under 85°C/85% relative humidity (encapsulated).
关键词： Crosslinking Interlayer,Inorganic Hole-Transport Layer,Defect Passivation,Stability,Perovskite Solar Cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Spectroscopic and Simulation Analysis of Facile PEDOT:PSS Layer Deposition-Silicon for Perovskite Solar Cell
摘要： In this research work, we have characterized and simulated a well-known hole transport material (HTM) for perovskite solar cell (PSC) and conductive polymer poly (3, 4- ethylenedioxy-thiophene) - poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS). The PEDOT:PSS is a better contender in the field of photovoltaic with its excellent combination of characteristics like high hole conductivity, stability and transparency. The nanocomposite PEDOT:PSS is deposited on the silicon wafer which is N-type doped for the testing the structure characteristic variations. The thin film of PEDOT:PSS over Silicon wafer is prepared with the conventional coating technique and characterized with spectroscopic techniques. The structural behavior has been disclosed under the comprehensive study of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) mapping. On the other hand, the important optical properties were revealed by detailed analysis by spectroscopy characterization (FTIR, UV-vis, Raman spectra) covering the range of 200–2500 nm. The maximum absorbance range of PEDOT:PSS is 270–320 nm with maximum absorption at 280.5 nm. The photovoltaic cell is simulated by using Spiro-OMeTAD and PEDOT:PSS as Hole Transport Layer (HTL) for a better comparison in terms of power efficiency, quantum efficiency and fill factor. The PSC device shows exemplary power efficiency of 11.89% and 12.13% for PEDOT:PSS & Spiro-OMeTAD as HTL respectively.
关键词： FESEM,Perovskite,Hole transport layer,FTIR,Spectroscopic analysis,Raman spectra,PEDOT:PSS
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Mg Doped CuCrO2 as Efficient Hole Transport Layers for Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The electrical and optical properties of the hole transport layer (HTL) are critical for organic and halide perovskite solar cell (OSC and PSC, respectively) performance. In this work, we studied the effect of Mg doping on CuCrO2 (CCO) nanoparticles and their performance as HTLs in OSCs and PSCs. CCO and Mg doped CCO (Mg:CCO) nanoparticles were hydrothermally synthesized. The nanoparticles were characterized by various experimental techniques to study the effect of Mg doping on structural, chemical, morphological, optical, and electronic properties of CCO. We found that Mg doping increases work function and decreases particle size. We demonstrate CCO and Mg:CCO as efficient HTLs in a variety of OSCs, including the first demonstration of a non-fullerene acceptor bulk heterojunction, and CH3NH3PbI3 PSCs. A small improvement of average short-circuit current density with Mg doping was found in all systems.
关键词： Mg doped CuCrO2,perovskite solar cells,hole transport layer,organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Improving the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells by CuSCN-doped PEDOT:PSS
摘要： Hole transport layer (HTL) is important in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to facilitate the hole extraction and suppress the charge recombination for high device performance. Based on the widely used HTL material of poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS), we proposed a new HTL modification method using the widely available copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN); the doping of CuSCN NH3 [aq] in PEDOT:PSS followed by low-temperature annealing results in reduced energy barrier, improved charge extraction efficiency and increased the mean size of perovskite crystal of the PEDOT:PSS-CuSCN HTL-based inverted PSCs. Significantly improved device performance was observed with open current voltage over 1.0 V and power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 15.3%, which is 16% higher in PCE than that of the PEDOT:PSS-based PSCs. More impressively, with a lower acidity than PEDOT:PSS, the PEDOT:PSS-CuSCN HTL enables excellent long-term stability of the inverted PSCs, exhibiting almost doubly improved device stability at the same storage condition. Thus, the successful application of CuSCN doping in PEDOT:PSS HTLs should provide a novel approach for the development of high-performance HTLs for highly efficient and stable PSCs.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,Power conversion efficiency,CuSCN,Hole transport layer,Stability
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Exploring Electronic and Excitonic Processes Towards Efficient Deep Red CuInS2/ZnS Quantum-dot Light-emitting Diodes
摘要： The electroluminescence mechanisms in the Cd-free CuInS2/ZnS quantum-dot based light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are systematically investigated through transient electroluminescence measurements. The results demonstrate that the characteristics of hole transporting layers (HTLs) determine the QLEDs to be activated by the direct charge-injection or the energy-transfer. Moreover, both the energy level alignment between HTL and quantum dot and the carrier mobility properties of the HTLs are critical factors to affect the device performance. By choosing suitable HTL, such as 4,4'-bis(9-carbazolyl)-2,2'-biphenyl, highly efficient deep red (emission peak at ~650 nm) CuInS2/ZnS QLEDs based on single HTL can be obtained with peak current efficiency and luminance of ~2.0 cd/A and nearby 3000 cd/m2, respectively.
关键词： energy transfer,charge injection,hole-transport layer,QLEDs,electron leakage,charge accumulation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Simulation of the Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> solar cell with a hole transport layer
摘要： A model of the Sb2Se3 solar cell with a hole transport layer (HTL) has been investigated by solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS). The influence of different HTLs on device performance has been firstly analyzed, and CuO has been found to be the best HTL. Then, Sb2Se3 thickness, CuO thickness, the doping concentration of HTLs on device performance has been firstly analyzed, and CuO has been found to be the best HTL. Then, Sb2Se3 thickness, CuO thickness, the doping concentration of CuO, the hole mobility of CuO, the defect density of Sb2Se3 layer, the defect density at the CdS/Sb2Se3 interface, and the work function of metal electrode on device performance have been systematically studied. The optimum thicknesses of Sb2Se3 and CuO are 300 nm and 20 nm, respectively. To achieve ideal performance, the doping concentration of CuO should be more than 1019cm-3, and its hole mobility should be over 1 cm2V-1s-1. The defect densities in the Sb2Se3 layer and at the CdS/Sb2Se3 interface play a critical role on device performance, both of which should be as low as 1013 cm-3 and 1014 cm-2, respectively. In addition, the work function of the metal electrode should be more than 4.8 eV to avoid formation of Schottky junction at the metal electrode interface. After optimization, a best efficiency of 23.18% can be achieved. Our simulation results provide valuable information to further improve the efficiency of Sb2Se3 solar cells in practice.
关键词： Sb2Se3 solar cell,hole transport layer,SCAPS
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04