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Perovskite solar cells based on polyaniline derivatives as hole transport materials
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have been extensively studied over the past few years in both academia and industry. Despite their appeal as a low cost and ease processing PV-technology, PSC still rely on materials that are expensive, turning the large-scale production more challenging. In this work, polyaniline (PAni) and its derivative poly(o-methoxyaniline) are employed as hole transport material (HTM) in PSC, replacing the most explored HTM, spiro-OMeTAD. These very well established conducting polymers are doped with 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) to enhance their conductivity. The correlation between the performance of the solar cells using doped and undoped conducting polymers and different metallic contacts are also evaluated. The best power conversion efficiency was 10.05% using doped PAni-DBSA with Au as contact, which is similar to the performance exhibited by our standard device using Spiro-OMeTAD as HTM.
关键词： hole transport material,perovskite solar cells,polyaniline
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:42
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Hydroxymethyl Functionalized PEDOT-MeOH:PSS for Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Poly(hydroxymethylated-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT-MeOH:PSS) conducting polymers are synthesized and incorporated in inverted structured perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) as hole transport materials. The highest occupied molecular orbital of PEDOT-MeOH is lowered by adding a hydroxymethyl (-MeOH) functional group to ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), and thus the work function of PEDOT-MeOH:PSS is increased. Additionally, hydrogen bonding can be formed among EDOT-MeOH monomers and between EDOT-MeOH monomers and sulfate groups on PSS, which promote PEDOT-MeOH chain growth and enhance PSS doping. The electronic, microstructural, and surface morphological properties of PEDOT-MeOH:PSS are modified by changing the amount of PSS and ferric oxidizing agent used in the polymerization and by adding ethylene glycol in the post-synthesis treatment. The PVSCs based on ethylene glycol treated PEDOT-MeOH:PSS overperform the PVSCs based on commercial PEDOT:PSS because of the better energetic alignment and the enhancement of PEDOT-MeOH:PSS electrical conductivity. This work opens the way to develop new hole transport materials for highly efficient inverted PVSCs.
关键词： hole transport material,perovskite,solar cell,electrical conductivity,work function
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Anthradithiophene based hole-transport material for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
摘要： A novel hole-transport material (HTM) based on an anthradithiophene central bridge named BTPA-7 is developed. In comparison to spiro-OMeTAD (2,2’,7,7’-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9’-spirobifluorene), the synthetic steps of BTPA-7 are greatly reduced from 6 to 3 and the synthetic cost of BTPA-7 is nearly a half that of spiro-OMeTAD. Moreover, BTPA-7 exhibits a relatively lower conductivity but higher hole mobility and higher glass transition temperature (Tg) than spiro-OMeTAD. Compared with the photovolatic performance for spiro-OMeTAD, FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 and MAPbI3 PSC devices based on BTPA-7 exhibit slightly lower PCEs with the values of 17.58% (18.88% for spiro-OMeTAD) and 11.90% (13.25% for spiro-OMeTAD), respectively. Nevertheless, a dramatically higher Jsc of PSC based on BTPA-7 is achieved, which arises from the higher hole mobility of BTPA-7. In addition, the relatively hydrophobic character of BTPA-7 eventually enhances the PSC device stability. Lower cost, higher hole mobility, higher Tg, satisfactory photovoltaic performance, and superior device stability of BTPA-7 can be utilized as a substitute for spiro-OMeTAD in PSCs.
关键词： Stability,Anthradithiophene,Hole-transport material,Synthetic cost
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Structural and Electrical Investigation of Cobalt-Doped NiOx/Perovskite Interface for Efficient Inverted Solar Cells
摘要： Inorganic hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for stable and cheap inverted perovskite-based solar cells are highly desired. In this context, NiOx, with low synthesis temperature, has been employed. However, the low conductivity and the large number of defects limit the boost of the e?ciency. An approach to improve the conductivity is metal doping. In this work, we have synthesized cobalt-doped NiOx nanoparticles containing 0.75, 1, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mol% cobalt (Co) ions to be used for the inverted planar perovskite solar cells. The best e?ciency of the devices utilizing the low temperature-deposited Co-doped NiOx HTM obtained a champion photoconversion e?ciency of 16.42%, with 0.75 mol% of doping. Interestingly, we demonstrated that the improvement is not from an increase of the conductivity of the NiOx ?lm, but due to the improvement of the perovskite layer morphology. We observe that the Co-doping raises the interfacial recombination of the device but more importantly improves the perovskite morphology, enlarging grain size and reducing the density of bulk defects and the bulk recombination. In the case of 0.75 mol% of doping, the bene?cial e?ects do not just compensate for the deleterious one but increase performance further. Therefore, 0.75 mol% Co doping results in a signi?cant improvement in the performance of NiOx-based inverted planar perovskite solar cells, and represents a good compromise to synthesize, and deposit, the inorganic material at low temperature, without losing the performance, due to the strong impact on the structural properties of the perovskite. This work highlights the importance of the interface from two di?erent points of view, electrical and structural, recognizing the role of a low doping Co concentration, as a key to improve the inverted perovskite-based solar cells’ performance.
关键词： hole transport material,inverted planar perovskite solar cell,perovskite morphology,Co-doped NiOx,electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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4-Tert-butylpyridine-assisted low-cost and soluble copper phthalocyanine as dopant-free hole transport layer for efficient Pb- and Sn-based perovskite solar cells
摘要： The preparation of suitable hole transport material (HTM) is critical to the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with low-cost. Herein, a mass producible and soluble copper phthalocyanine decorated with butoxy donor groups (CuPc-OBu) was designed as HTM and prepared by a facile two-step synthetic route. To generate high quality HTM film, 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) was doped into CuPc-OBu to prepare the film and then removed by annealing. Such a tBP-assisted strategy resulted in the best efficiency of the PSCs with lead trihalide perovskite up to 19.0% (small-area of 0.1 cm2) and 10.1% (the active area of 8.0 cm2 for the module device). And the best efficiency of the tin-based PSCs with CuPc-OBu reached to 6.9%. More importantly, the device with CuPc-OBu as HTM revealed the remarkably enhanced stability. This work provides a new strategy to improve the film-quality of free-doping HTMs and enhance the efficiency and stability of Pb- and Sn-based PSCs with low-cost.
关键词： copper phthalocyanine,hole transport material,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Simulation and optimization of CH3NH3SnI3 based inverted perovskite solar cell with NiO as Hole transport material
摘要： A planar perovskite solar cell (PSC) with p-i-n inverted structure is modeled and simulated using SCAPS software to determine the power output characteristics under illumination. The inverted structure is NiO/CH3NH3SnI3/PCBM where NiO is the hole transport layer (HTL), CH3NH3SnI3 is the perovskite absorber layer and PCBM is the electron transport layer (ETL). Simulation efforts are focused on thickness of three layers, defect density of interfaces, density of states, and metal work function effect on power conversion ef?ciency (PCE) of solar cell. For optimum parameters of all three layers, ef?ciency of 22.95% has been achieved. From the simulations, an alternate lead free inverted perovskite solar cell is introduced.
关键词： Electron transport material,Transparent conducting oxide,Inverted perovskite solar cell,Hole transport material,Device simulation,Defect density
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Investigating ultrafast carrier dynamics in perovskite solar cells with an extended ??-conjugated polymeric diketopyrrolopyrrole layer for hole transportation
摘要： Here, we show a new diketopyrrole based polymeric hole-transport material (PBDTP-DTDPP, (poly[[2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3,6-dioxopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-diyl]-alt-[[2,20-(4,8-bis(4-ethylhexyl-1-phenyl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b0]dithiophene)bis-thieno[3,2-b]thiophen]-5,50-diyl]])) in perovskite solar cells. The material performance was tested in a solar cell with an optimized configuration, FTO/SnO2/perovskite/PBDTP-DTDPP/Au, and the device showed a power conversion efficiency of 14.78%. The device charge carrier dynamics were investigated using transient absorption spectroscopy. The charge separation and recombination kinetics were determined in a device with PBDTP-DTDPP and the obtained results were compared to a reference device. We find that PBDTP-DTDPP enables similar charge separation time (<4.8 ps) to the spiro-OMeTAD but the amount of nongeminate recombination is different. Specifically, we find that the polymeric PBDTP-DTDPP hole-transport layer (HTL) slows-down the second-order recombination much less than spiro-OMeTAD. This effect is of particular importance in studying the charge transportation in optimized solar cell devices with diketopyrrole based HTL materials.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,transient absorption spectroscopy,PBDTP-DTDPP,charge carrier dynamics,hole-transport material
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Lead (II) Propionate Additive and A Dopant-Free Polymer HTM for CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： All-inorganic perovskites (CsPbI3 and CsPbI2Br), owing to their greater thermal stability compared to organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, are becoming popular in perovskite photovoltaics but the problem that remains with CsPbI2Br (or CsPbI3) is the humidity-assisted phase transformation. Herein, we report about the formation of CsPbI2Br α-phase and improvement of its phase stability under ambient atmosphere (20-30 % relative humidity) by Pb (II) propionate additive in the CsPbI2Br precursor. Solar cells employing CsPbI2Br film with an optimum concentration of the additive (1 mol %), and a donor-acceptor type polymer (synthesized by us) as dopant-free hole transport material that has a better energy level matching with CsPbI2Br (compared to other polymers like P3HT, PTAA, asy-PBTBDT) work with a champion power conversion cell efficiency of 14.58 %. A continuous increase in the open-circuit voltage, reaching 1.36 V for 5 mol % of Pb (II) propionate manifests a remarkable defects-passivation effect by the additive.
关键词： Pb (II) propionate,All-inorganic perovskites,dopant-free hole transport material,solar cells,CsPbI2Br
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Accurately Stoichiometric Regulating Oxidation States in Hole Transporting Material to Enhance the Hole Mobility of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： In the traditional n-i-p type perovskite solar cells (PSCs), most hole transporting materials (HTMs) rely on an uncontrolled oxidative process by using Li salt and Co (III) complex to achieve sufficient hole mobilities. Herein, we demonstrate a stabilized oxidized-phenothiazine-based HTM (OPTZ) synthesized from its neutral form (NPTZ) through a photo-redox reaction. This controllable and stable oxidation state is mainly derived from the planar structure and π-conjugation of phenothiazine core in OPTZ. The energy gap between SOMO (singly-occupied-molecular-orbital) of OPTZ and HOMO (highest-occupied-molecular-orbital) of NPTZ can suitably promote the hole hopping in hole transporting layers. Using an optimized ratio of OPTZ as dopant in NPTZ, the hole transporting mobility is effectively enhanced owing to intra- and inter-molecular charge transfer process, resulting in an enhancement in the fill factor of the PSCs. This work can provide a new strategy to obtain stabilized oxidized-HTMs, which deliver significantly enhanced hole mobilities of HTMs in PSCs.
关键词： phenothiazine,hole transport material,hole mobility,perovskite solar cell,radical cation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A study on solution-processable tetrabenzomonoazaporphyrin hole transport material for pervoskite solar cells
摘要： We demonstrate optical and electronic properties and structure of an efficient hole transporting material (HTM), soluble non-peripherally substituted octahexyl tetrabenzomonoasaporphyrin (C6TBMAPH2), for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). X-ray diffraction patterns of C6TBMAPH2 thin film with two peaks at around 4.6° and 4.9° indicate that the symmetry of columns is likely to be 2-dimensional rectangular lattice and stacking period of molecules along columnar axis may be disordered. The absorption spectra of C6TBMAPH2 exhibit the two predominated bands at around 400 and 650 nm, which correspond to the B and Q bands, respectively. Furthermore, the electronic band structure of C6TBMAPH2, was calculated with highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of ?5.0 and ?3.3 eV, respectively. All results suggest that C6TBMAPH2 could be one potential HTM to extract hole and block electron from the absorber to the back electrode. Finally, an efficient solid-state, thin-film PSC utilising C6TBMAPH2 HTM is fabricated with the best PCEs of 4.9 and 5.6% under forward and reverse bias scans, respectively.
关键词： small molecule,perovskite solar cells,phthalocyanine,hole transport material
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59