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Enhanced working efficiency of Si solar cell by water induced nano-porous thermal cooling layer
摘要： Nano-porous thermal cooling layer (TCL) of thickness 14 mm beneath a Si solar cell reduces its working temperature from 82 °C to 68 °C This reduced working temperature increase its absolute working ef?ciency by 0.75%. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the material used in TCL shows its amorphous nature. The SEM images con?rm interconnected carbon particles are forming micro-channels within the TCL. Further FESEM analysis has been done to examine the in-depth structure of the carbon particles and shows the nano-porous topography within the particle. The porosity of used TCL is examined by BET measurement which con?rms the highly porous nature of the TCL having surface area of the order of 798.35 m2 g?1 with average pore size of 2.3 nm. The induced water concentration (0.049 to 0.49 ml cm?3) dependent enhanced cooling ef?ciency of nano-porous TCL has been studied in detail. The use of water saturated (0.49 ml cm?3) TCL (14 mm thick) further decreases the working temperature of the device from 68 °C to 58 °C and the device works below this temperature for around three hours. Further, in order to enhance the effective time duration, the TCL thickness (4 mm to 26 mm) dependent cooling ef?ciency of water saturated TCL has been analyzed in detail. Use of optimized water saturated TCL beneath the solar cell improve its working ef?ciency from 11.4% (at 82 °C) to 12.69% (at 58 °C) which shows an absolute and relative enhancement of 1.29% and 11.32%, respectively in cell ef?ciency. Finally, thermal analyses of TCL and water cooling mechanism in it have been discussed in detail.
关键词： ef?ciency enhancement,Si solar cell,thermal cooling layer,cooling plateau,cooling agent,nano-porous
更新于2025-11-21 11:18:25
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 21st International Multi-Topic Conference (INMIC) - Karachi, Pakistan (2018.11.1-2018.11.2)] 2018 IEEE 21st International Multi-Topic Conference (INMIC) - Silica Nano-Particulate Coating Having Self-Cleaning and Antireflective Properties for PV Modules
摘要： In this research, silica nanoparticles are coated over the solar PV module glass to acquire super hydrophilic, antireflective and highly transparent surface. Silane precursor mixed with air sprayed on the substrate by aerosol deposition method. Pressure difference between the plasma chamber and the substrate is tuned by the introduction of helium gas, which results in good control over layer thickness and refractive indices. Due to the porous nature and graded index of coated film, the transmittance of glass substrate is increased from 91% to 99.2%. Surface topology of coated film is studied by AFM shows excellent antifogging and super-hydrophilic nature attributed to roughness and nano-porosity of coated film. Moreover, the super-hydrophilic nature endows these coatings with self-cleaning properties, which further enhances the overall efficiency of solar PV modules.
关键词： Antireflective coatings,Super-hydrophilic,Silica nanoparticles,Thin films,solar PV,Aerosol deposition,Nano-porous
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Precision Plating of Human Electrogenic Cells on Microelectrodes Enhanced with Precision Electrodeposited Nano-Porous Platinum for Cell-Based Biosensing Applications
摘要： Microelectrode Arrays are established platforms for biosensing applications; however, limitations in electrode impedance and cell-electrode coupling still exist. In this paper, the SNR of 25 μm diameter gold (Au) microelectrodes was improved by decreasing the impedance with precision electrodeposition. SEM determined that N-P Pt. microelectrodes had nano-porous structures that filled the insulation cylinders. EIS, CV, and RMS noise measurements concluded that the optimized electrodeposition of N-P Pt. led to a lowered impedance of 18.36 kΩ ± 2.6 kΩ at 1 kHz, a larger double layer capacitance of 73 nF, and lowered RMS noise of 2.08 ± 0.16 μV as compared to the values for Au of 159 kΩ ± 28 kΩ at 1 kHz, 17nF, and 3.14 ± 0.42 μV, respectively. Human motoneurons and human cardiomyocytes were cultured on N-P Pt. devices to assess their biocompatibility and signal quality. In order to improve the cell-electrode coupling, a precision plating technique was used. Both cell types were electrically active on devices for up to 10 weeks, demonstrated improved SNR, and expected responses to precision chemical and electrical stimulation. The modification of Au microelectrodes with nanomaterials in combination with precision culturing of human cell types provides cost effective, highly sensitive, well coupled and relevant biosensing platforms for medical and pharmaceutical research.
关键词： Biosensing,human motoneurons,precision plating of cells,MEA,human cardiomyocytes,nano-porous platinum,precision plating of nanomaterials,microelectrodes,human electrogenic cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride over rugby-like ?2-Ga <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> with a 3D hierarchically assembled porous structure for environmental remediation
摘要： A novel rugby-like β-Ga2O3 with 3D hierarchically assembled porous structures was successfully constructed through a facile precipitation-calcination method. The synthesized Ga2O3 materials were used to the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC·HCl) and the effects of calcination temperature on photocatalytic activity were discussed. The conversions of TC·HCl over Ga2O3-900 was 99.0% for Ga2O3-900 after 25 min UV-light irradiation, which was higher than those of commercial Ga2O3 (71.2%) and P25 (82.9%). The best photocatalytic activity of Ga2O3-900 could be attributed to the large specific surface area, intrinsic electronic properties and stable 3D hierarchically assembled porous structure. Based on the liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) analysis, the photocatalytic mechanism of Ga2O3 and feasible degradation pathway of TC·HCl were proposed. We believe that the present study can exploit an effective avenue to design the photocatalysts with 3D hierarchical porous structures to meet ever-increasing environmental remediation requirements.
关键词： β-Ga2O3,photodegradation pathway,nano-porous structures,tetracycline hydrochloride,optical properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Morphology study and threshold measurement of laser induced damage of nano-porous antireflective silica thin films in nano- and femtosecond pulse regimes
摘要： Laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) of nano-porous antire?ective silica thin ?lms is measured using 10 ns laser pulses at k = 532 nm. The thin ?lms are prepared by dip-coating of BK7 substrates and then drying them by three different heating methods, to see how their LIDT and transmission are affected. Furthermore, using SEM imaging, the morphology of the laser induced damages is inspected and compared to those of similar samples, previously irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses at k = 800 nm. The images evidently show that in the regions damaged by nanosecond pulses, the silica nanoparticles are melted and fused to each other, while in the samples irradiated by femtosecond pulses, the silica nanoparticles are sputtered and dispersed around, in the damaged area. The SEM images clearly demonstrate the different damage mechanisms involved in the nanosecond and femtosecond regimes of interaction.
关键词： Optical thin ?lms,Silica thin ?lms,Nano-porous thin ?lms,Laser damage
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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CdTe Sensitized Nano Porous Electrode for Photovoltaic Application
摘要： CdTe quantum dots were synthesized using water as a solvent medium. Synthesized quantum dots were used to integrate into TiO2 nano-porous electrode using a combination of linker assisted direct adsorption and chemical bath deposition process. Sensitized electrodes were characterized to understand their physical and optical properties for photovoltaic application.
关键词： nano porous electrode,CdTe quantum dot
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22