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Indocyanine green–encapsulated nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for highly effective chemo-photothermal combination?cancer therapy
摘要： Indocyanine green (ICG), as the only U.S. Food and Drug Administrationeapproved near-infrared (NIR) clinical agent, has been considered as an ideal light absorber for laser-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) in cancer treatment. However, the practical applications of ICG are severely hampered by its poor aqueous stability, rapid body clearance, and low cellular uptake. To overcome these limitations, we herein report the successful example of integrating ICG into a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) to fabricate a novel nanoscale ICG@ZIF-8 hybrid material. Through a simple one-pot synthesis method, a high loading content of 20.6% can be achieved in the resultant ICG@ZIF-8. The photostability and tumor accumulation of ICG are notably promoted due to the protection of the framework, leading to enhanced photothermal conversion ef?ciency. Furthermore, we also discover, for the ?rst time, that the pH-triggered release of large amount of Zn2t from ZIF-8 in tumor acidic microenvironment also signi?cantly contributes to targeted killing of cancer cells. As a result of the combined PTT and chemotherapy, ICG@ZIF-8 exhibits greatly improved diagnostic ef?cacy for both in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy, leading to 91% tumor eradication in all the mice treated with ICG@ZIF-8 and NIR irradiation. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)estained slices show that no noticeable tissue damage is observed in major organs, indicating the safety of ICG@ZIF-8.
关键词： Cancer,Metal-organic framework,Chemotherapy,Indocyanine green,Photothermal therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A Lesson from Nature: Biomimetic Self-assembling Phthalocyanines for High-efficient Photothermal Therapy within the Biological Transparent Window
摘要： Development of facile but high-efficient small organic molecule based photothermal therapy (PTT) in the in vivo transparent window (800-900 nm) has been regarded as a minimally invasive and most promising strategy for potential clinical cancer treatment. Phthalocyanine (Pc) molecules with remarkable photophysical and photochemical properties as well as high extinction coefficients in the near-infrared region are highly desirable for PTT, but as far satisfying single-component Pc-based PTT within the in vivo transparent window (800-900 nm) has very rarely been reported. Herein, inspired by the self-assembly algorithm of natural bacteriochlorophylls (BChl's) c, d, and e, biomimetic self-assembling tetrahexanoyl Pc Bio-ZnPc with outstanding light-harvesting capacity was demonstrated to exhibit excellent PTT efficacy evidenced by both in vitro and in vivo results, within the biological transparent window.
关键词： photothermal therapy,phthalocyanine,biological transparent window,self-assembly,biomimetics
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Near infrared light-responsive heat-emitting hemoglobin hydrogels for photothermal cancer therapy
摘要： Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an effective means of treating tumors because tumor cells are sensitive to heat. Gold and carbon nanoparticles are used as efficient PTT materials. However, development of a non-toxic biodegradable PTT agent remains a challenge. Here, we developed a hemoglobin (Hb) hydrogel that exhibited excellent PTT effects in vitro and in vivo. Unlike conventional PTT agents, which are toxic and do not decompose completely in the body, the Hb hydrogel was manufactured using only two components: (i) Hb, a natural substance derived from the human body, and (ii) PEG, an FDA-approved polymer. The gelation time of the Hb hydrogels could be controlled by changing the Hb concentration. Because Hb is present at a high concentration (150 mg/ml) in the body, the Hb hydrogel decomposed and was eliminated in vivo without toxicity. The Hb hydrogel showed an excellent PTT effect in response to 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation and had excellent anticancer effects against A549 lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Blood hematology and blood biochemical assay results from an animal model treated with Hb hydrogel were similar to those of the control group. Importantly, toxicity was not observed based on H&E staining of major organs (heart, liver, spleen, kidneys and lung). Tumors of A549 cell-xenografted mice treated with Hb hydrogel and 808 nm NIR laser irradiation were significantly smaller than those of the control group (23.1 mm3 versus 746.5 mm3, respectively). This is a first report of a biocompatible photothermal hydrogel based on hemoglobin, and our overall results suggest that Hb hydrogels are commercially-promising PTT systems that have excellent anti-cancer effects.
关键词： Biocompatibility,Quick gelation,Lung cancer,Hemoglobin,Hydrogel,Photothermal therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Nanoscale reduced graphene oxide-mediated photothermal therapy together with IDO inhibition and PD-L1 blockade synergistically promote antitumor immunity
摘要： Despite the potential efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade for effective treatment of cancer, this therapeutic modality is not generally curative and only a fraction of patients respond. Combination approaches provide strategies to target multiple antitumor immune pathways to induce synergistic antitumor immunity. Here, a multi-combination immunotherapy including photothermal therapy (PTT), indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibition and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade is introduced for inducing synergistic antitumor immunity. We designed a multifunctional IDO inhibitor (IDOi)-loaded reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based nanosheets (IDOi/rGO nanosheets) with the properties to directly kill tumor cells under laser irradiation and in situ trigger antitumor immune response. In vivo experiments further revealed that the triggered immune response can be synergistically promoted by IDO inhibition and PD-L1 blockade; the responses included the enhancement of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) including CD45+ leukocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells, the inhibition of the immune suppression activity of regulator T cells (Tregs) and the production of INF-γ. We also demonstrate that the three combinations of PTT, IDO inhibition and PD-L1 blockade could effectively inhibit the growth of both irradiated tumors and tumors in distant sites without PTT treatment. This work can be thought as an important proof-of-concept to target multiple antitumor immune pathways to induce synergistic antitumor immunity.
关键词： photothermal therapy,reduced graphene oxide,IDO inhibition,combinatorial immunotherapy,PD-L1
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Mesoporous silica-coated gold nanoframes as drug delivery system for remotely controllable chemo-photothermal combination therapy
摘要： Tumor cells experience higher chemotherapy stress under condition of elevated temperature. As a result, developing novel nanoagents that integrates chemotherapy and thermotherapy holds great promise in biomedicine. Herein, utilizing spatially confined galvanic replacement method, we fabricated a yolk-shell Au@mSiO2 nanoframes with Au NPs and mesoporous silica as yolk and shell, respectively, to sever as an excellent drug nanocarrier with effective photothermal conversion efficiency. Taking full advantage of the high temperature response of the Au@mSiO2 nanoframes, the phase change material 1-tetradecanol (TD) was creatively employed as gatekeepers, intelligently controlling the release of loaded agents. Then, the actively targeted Alanine-Alanine-Asparagine, legumain-recognizable oligopeptides was decorated on the surface of the prepared nanoframes. Upon exposure to near-infrared light, the GC-PtAu@mSiO2-TD nanoframes not only exhibited a high localized temperature response, but also triggered the quick release of loaded cargos, and thus improved the chemotherapeutic efficacy. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies indicated the remarkable synergistic effects. Meanwhile, the laser confocal studies and flow cytometry showed the oligopeptides facilitated the intracellular uptake of GC-PtAu@mSiO2-TD nanoframes in MGC-803 cells. Our study highlighted the great potential of the GC-PtAu@mSiO2-TD nanoframes in drug delivery and the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.
关键词： Cisplatin,Mesoporous silica-gold nanoframes,Phase-change materials,Photothermal therapy,Controlled release
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Pd nanoparticle-decorated hydroxy boron nitride nanosheets as a novel drug carrier for chemo-photothermal therapy
摘要： A multi-stimuli responsive nanoagent, hydroxy boron nitride nanosheets and Pd nanohybrids (Pd@OH-BNNS), was studied. The well-dispersed hydroxy boron nitride nanosheets were prepared via a facile thermal substitution approach. Pd@OH-BNNS was endowed with a photothermal property after in situ formation of Pd nanoparticles on the surface of the nanosheets. Pd@OH-BNNS as a drug delivery carrier exhibited high loading capability for the anticancer drug doxorubicin. The release of doxorubicin from the nanohybrids was triggered by a decrease in pH, and increases in glutathione concentration and near-infrared irradiation. The faster release behavior of the nanohybrids under near-infrared irradiation was confirmed by a cellular uptake study. In addition, local hyperthermia was verified using an imaging test and an infrared thermal camera. Tumor growth was remarkably inhibited in mice after two weeks of treatment with Pd@OH-BNNS/doxorubicin injection, demonstrating the high efficacy of combining chemotherapy and photothermal therapy. The Pd@OH-BNNS as a drug delivery system exhibited good stability, low cytotoxicity and multi-stimuli responsiveness.
关键词： photothermal therapy,Pd nanoparticles,drug delivery system,hydroxy boron nitride,nanohybrids
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Polydopamine-Based Tumor-Targeted Multifunctional Reagents for Computer Tomography/Fluorescence Dual-Mode Bioimaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy
摘要： Development of multifunctional diagnosis and treatment reagents is very meaningful in clinical application. Herein, we developed a polydopamine-based (PDA-based) tumor targeted multifunctional reagent by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) strategy. First, the targeted PDA nanoparticles were prepared via combining with folic acid (FA) and dopamine. Then ATRP technology was used to graft the europium(III) complexes onto PDA surface (defined as FEDA). A series of detections revealed that the FEDA nanoparticles had been successfully prepared and exhibited a bright X-ray computer tomography (CT) and photoluminescence (PL) dual-mode imaging efficiency and an excellent photothermal therapy (PTT) effect in vivo/in vitro.
关键词： europium(III) complexes,polydopamine,dual-mode imaging-guided photothermal therapy,folic acid targeted,atom transfer radical polymerization
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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DNA Engineered Noble Metal Nanoparticles (Fundamentals and State-of-the-art-of Nanobiotechnology) || Photochemical and Photophysical Events
摘要： DNA Engineered Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Fundamentals and State-of-the-art of Nanobiotechnology. This chapter covers photochemical and photophysical events involving noble metal nanoparticles, DNA nucleobases, DNA/PNA interactions, DNA-dye conjugates, DNA-AuNP-dye conjugates, DNA-gold nanoparticle conjugates, DNA-AgNPs, and hot gold nanoparticles, discussing their applications in bioanalysis, spectroscopy, photothermal therapy, imaging, and sensing.
关键词： biosensing,nanobiotechnology,localized surface plasmon resonance,noble metal nanoparticles,photophysical events,DNA,photochemical events,photothermal therapy,fluorescence
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Targeting carbon nanotubes based on IGF-1R for photothermal therapy of orthotopic pancreatic cancer guided by optical imaging
摘要： Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. The existing therapeutic regimen in the clinic for advanced inoperable carcinomas are far from satisfactory, thus it is urgent to seek more effective anticancer strategies. In the pursuit of novel, more effective interventions, photothermal therapy (PTT) based on nanomaterials has attracted increased attention. Recent advances in related fields have catalyzed the generation of novel nanoprobes, such as organic dyes, metal nanoparticles. However, organic dyes are poorly stable and easy to quench while metal nanoparticles with potential metal toxicity are difficult to degrade, both of which have low light-to-heat conversion efficiency, broad spectrum of anti-tumor effects, and lack of tumor targeting specificity. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can remedy the above inadequacies. Herein, we report our water-soluble, bio-stable and low-toxicity SWNTs with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency. Specific modifications can enable visualization of the aggregate characteristics of SWNTs at the macroscopic or microscopic level in tumors. The dye-conjugated SWNTs bound with targeting antibodies that can induce them specifically targeting to pancreatic tumors for purposes of performing dyes imaging-guided cytotoxic PTT. PTT using this method achieves precise and excellent curative effects with minimal adverse effects, thus providing a promising strategy for anticancer therapy.
关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotubes,Imaging,IGF-1R,Pancreatic cancer,Photothermal therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photothermal Ablation of Cancer Cells by Albumin-Modified Gold Nanorods and Activation of Dendritic Cells
摘要： Nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy has been widely studied for cancer treatment. It is important to disclose how photothermally ablated tumor cells trigger immune responses. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated gold nanorods (BSA-coated AuNRs) were prepared and used for photothermal ablation of breast tumor cells. The BSA-coated AuNRs showed high photothermal conversion efficiency and good photothermal ablation effect towards tumor cells. The ablated tumor cells were co-cultured with immature dendritic cells (DCs) through a direct cell contacting model and diffusion model to confirm the stimulatory effects of cell–cell interaction and soluble factors released from ablated tumor cells. The results indicated that photothermally ablated tumor cells induced immune-stimulatory responses of DCs through both cell–cell interaction and soluble factors. The results should be useful for synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy of primary and metastatic cancer.
关键词： gold nanorods,cellular uptake,photothermal ablation,cancer therapy,photothermal therapy,immune responses
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29