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Photoluminescence Intensity Enhancement of Single Silicon Quantum Dots on a Metal Membrane with a Spacer
摘要： Silicon quantum dots (Si QDs) featuring high photoluminescence (PL) intensity are necessary for the realization of different photonic and photovoltaic devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). Herein, Si QDs on a (cid:1)100–200 nm thin silicon dioxide membrane with a metal back-coating are prepared. The dots are formed from the device layer of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer by etching and thermal oxidation. Aluminum is sputtered on the backside of the membrane, acting as a back-surface mirror, changing the local density of optical modes, as well as the local excitation ?eld. The PL properties of such Si QDs are then characterized at the single-particle level. It is found that the PL yield of single Si QDs on the membrane is enhanced by approximately one order of magnitude, compared with that of Si QDs outside the membrane under the same excitation power. These results indicate that advances in nanofabrication can substantially improve the optical properties of Si QDs, thus paving the way for their application.
关键词： membranes,quantum dots,silicon,blinking,photoluminescence
更新于2025-11-21 11:24:58
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Investigation on the crack fracture mode and edge quality in laser dicing of glass-anisotropic silicon double-layer wafer
摘要： This work puts forward numerical and experimental investigations on laser dicing of glass-anisotropic single-crystal silicon double-layer wafer using laser induced thermal-crack propagation (LITP). A semiconductor continuous wave laser working at the defocusing mode serves as volumetric heat source for glass layer while as surface heat source for silicon layer. Based on the classical fracture theory, a static seam-type crack is introduced under the circumstance of ABAQUS to simulate the crack fracture modes in glass layer as well as silicon layer with crystal planes of (100), (110) and (111) during laser dicing in different dicing directions. In the experiments, processing parameters are kept the same as the simulations and typical dicing directions obtained from simulations are also used. The surface morphologies of crack edges are measured by the optical microscope and surface profiler. Through the comparison of numerical and experimental results it is discovered that for the specific substrate, the evolution of crack edge qualities in different dicing directions and different layers can be interpreted based on the corresponding stress distribution and stress intensity factor (SIF) ratio explicitly. And most important of all, the anisotropy of silicon layer has significant influence on the fracture mode and edge quality of crack in both layers.
关键词： Crack fracture mode,Laser induced thermal-crack propagation,Glass-anisotropic single-crystal silicon double-layer wafer,Crack edge quality,Static seam-type crack
更新于2025-11-21 11:24:58
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Surface Coatings Modulate the Differences in the Adhesion Forces of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells as Detected by Single Cell Force Microscopy
摘要： Single cell force microscopy was used to investigate the maximum detachment force (MDF) of primary neuronal mouse cells (PNCs), osteoblastic cells (MC3T3), and prokaryotic cells (Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis) from different surfaces after contact times of 1 to 5 seconds. Positively charged silicon nitride surfaces were coated with positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) or poly-D-lysine. Laminin was used as the second coating. PEI induced MDFs of the order of 5 to 20 nN, slightly higher than silicon nitride did. Lower MDFs (1 to 5 nN) were detected on PEI/laminin with the lowest on PDL/laminin. To abstract from the individual cell properties, such as size, and to obtain cell type-specific MDFs, the MDFs of each cell on the different coatings were normalized to the silicon nitride reference for the longest contact time. The differences in MDF between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells were generally of similar dimensions, except on PDL/laminin, which discriminated against the prokaryotic cells. We explain the lower MDFs on laminin by the spatial prevention of the electrostatic cell adhesion to the underlying polymers. However, PEI can form long flexible loops protruding from the surface-bound layer that may span the laminin layer and easily bind to cellular surfaces and the small prokaryotic cells. This was reflected in increased MDFs after two-second contact times on silicon nitride, whereas the two-second values were already observed after one second on PEI or PEI/laminin. We assume that the electrostatic charge interaction with the PEI loops is more important for the initial adhesion of the smaller prokaryotic cells than for eukaryotic cells.
关键词： prokaryotic cells,poly-D-lysine,silicon nitride,laminin,cell adhesion,single cell force microscopy,surface coatings,polyethyleneimine,eukaryotic cells,maximum detachment force
更新于2025-11-21 11:24:58
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Functionalized and oxidized silicon nanosheets: Customized design for enhanced sensitivity towards relative humidity
摘要： The use of completely oxidized two-dimensional (2D) silicon nanosheets (SiNSs) represents a novel approach for the application of 2D silicon-based materials in the nanoelectronics field. Densely stacked and highly porous oxidized SiNSs (OSiNSs) act as a sensitive layer for humidity detection. Due to the oxidation-caused porosity of the SiNSs and the possibility functionalize the 2D surface with hydrophilic groups, this hybrid material exhibits an extremely good sensitivity towards relative humidity (RH). In this work, precise tuning of the SiNSs’ sensing properties by their functionalization is demonstrated. In particular, the modification with methacrylic acid (MAA) groups, leading to SiNS-MAA, and the subsequent deposition on interdigitated electrodes double the capacitance value in the range of 20-85%RH. These values were achieved after the full oxidation of SiNS-MAA in ambient conditions. The mentioned changes in capacitance are extremely high compared to the response of the so far known common polymer humidity sensors. Contrary to that, this response is neutralized when the SiNSs are functionalized with tert-butyl acrylic acid (tBMA), a rather hydrophobic functional group. The fabricated devices show, how the specific functionalization of SiNSs serves as a reliable tool to provide sensitivity towards RH. Similar approach, based on tuning the functionality, can be applied to achieve e.g., sensor array selectivity. For this purpose, the functional groups on the surface of the nanomaterial can be further modified. Additional molecules with sensitivities towards various surrounding conditions could be attached. Furthermore, these functional molecules can be used for subsequent (bio)molecule immobilization, which can serve as sensitive molecular groups towards surrounding substrates and gases. However, one of the main challenges in sensor technology is to find a highly selective solution: a sensor system capable to differentiate among different vapor species. The described strategy can serve as an access towards new and promising solutions, which can help to face this issue in modern nanomaterials-based technology.
关键词： two-dimensional materials,porous silicon,functionalization,silicon nanosheets,hybrid systems,moisture content
更新于2025-11-21 11:20:48
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SILICONPV 2018, THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAICS - Lausanne, Switzerland (19–21 March 2018)] - Atom probe Tomography of fast-diffusing impurities and the effect of gettering in multicrystalline silicon
摘要： This article demonstrates an approach for multiscale characterisation of individual defects, such as grain boundaries, in multicrystalline silicon. The analysis techniques range from macroscale characterisation of average bulk lifetime, through photoluminescence to resolve spatial recombination, and finally to nanoscale analysis of the crystallographic characteristics and impurity decoration of the grain boundary using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction and Atom Probe Tomography. This method can be used to characterise defects and their response to processing, such as gettering and hydrogen passivation. In this paper it is applied to the test case of Saw Damage Gettering on Red Zone High Performance Multicrystalline Silicon. In both as-cast and gettered samples, copper and chromium were observed at a recombination active, random angle grain boundary. After gettering the copper excess was found to decrease. In contrast, the slower diffusing chromium was found to increase, potentially indicating internal gettering. At a recombination inactive Σ3 grain boundary only oxygen was observed at the boundary before gettering, with no transition metals detected.
关键词： multicrystalline silicon,grain boundaries,gettering,impurities,Atom Probe Tomography
更新于2025-11-21 11:20:48
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Hot wire chemical vapor deposition for silicon photonics: An emerging industrial application opportunity
摘要： In this work different silicon photonic devices, including straight waveguides, multi-mode interference devices and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, were fabricated and characterized on hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) silicon nitride (SiN) layers deposited at temperatures below 350 °C. These layers presented a hydrogen concentration of 13.1%, which is lower than that achieved with plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition at these deposition temperatures. The lowest reported optical propagation losses of 6.1 dB/cm and 5.7 dB/cm, 1550 nm and 1310 respectively, for straight SiN waveguides prepared by HWCVD was measured. We demonstrated that silicon nitride SiN, prepared using HWCVD, is a viable material for silicon photonics fabrication.
关键词： Multimode interferometer,Silicon photonics waveguides,Silicon photonics,Hot wire chemical vapor deposition,Silicon nitride,Mach-Zehnder interferometer
更新于2025-11-21 11:20:42
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Dual Management of Electrons and Photons to Get High-Performance Light Emitting Devices Based on Si Nanowires and Si Quantum Dots with Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> -Ag Hybrid Nanostructures
摘要： Silicon quantum dot (Si QD)-based light emitting devices are fabricated on Si nanowire (Si NW) arrays. Through inserting Al2O3-Ag hybrid nanostructures (Al2O3-Ag HNs) between Si NWs and Si QDs, both photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) are remarkably enhanced compared to the control sample. The PL enhancement can be mainly attributed to passivation effect of Al2O3 to p-type Si NWs and enlarged absorption cross-section due to the local surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag nanoparticles. The EL intensity is enhanced by 14.9-fold at the same injection current under a lower applied voltage, which may result from the high injection efficiency of electrons and the promoted waveguide effect of nanowire structures with Al2O3-Ag HNs. It is demonstrated that light emitting device performances can be well improved by careful management of both electrons and photons via controlling the interface conditions of Si NWs/Si QDs.
关键词： hybrid nanostructures,silicon nanowires,light emitting devices,silicon quantum dots
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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Silicon nanowire luminescent sensor for cardiovascular risk in saliva
摘要： Cardiovascular diseases are some of the today major cause of death in the world. C-reactive protein (CRP) is well known as the main biomarker related to cardiovascular risk and heart attack occurrence. The standard CRP analyses are performed in a hospital or in a biochemical laboratory with blood analysis after a long chemical and labelling preparation that require expert personnel. In this scenario, a health care analysis that can be performed by the same patient at his own home appears extremely revolutionary. In this paper, the study of an innovative sensing platform based on the luminescence at room temperature of silicon nanowires (NWs) is reported. This NWs sensor is label-free and does not require a chemical treatment of the analyte, is strongly selective to the CRP demonstrating a femtomolar limit of detection and a wide operating range. This proposed silicon sensing platform can be realized with an industrial compatible approach and permits to reveal the strategic CRP level in saliva in order to prevent a heart attack, with great advantages for the patient.
关键词： Cardiovascular risk,Saliva,C-reactive protein,Silicon nanowires,Luminescent sensor
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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One-Pot Synthesis of Gel Glass Embedded with Luminescent Silicon Nanoparticles
摘要： Preparation of highly luminescent glasses involves expensive and complicated processes and usually requires high temperature. In this work, we show that luminescent silicon (Si) nanoparticle (NP)- embedded silicate gel glasses can be developed under near-ambient conditions by a remarkably simple, one-pot strategy, without using any sophisticated instrumentation or technique. Simultaneous hydrolysis and reduction of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane leads to the formation of colloidal Si nanocrystals that can be transformed to a glassy phase upon slow evaporation followed by freezing. Structural investigations reveal the formation of a sodium silicate gel glass framework having discernible shear bands, along with embedded Si NPs. High photoluminescence quantum yield (ca. 35?40%), low glass-transition temperature (Tg ≈ 66?73 °C), strain-tolerant mechanical stability, and inexpensive preparation make the glass attractive for applications as display materials and photonic converters.
关键词： luminescence,silicon,gel glass,nanoparticles,photon conversion
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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Low Power Consumption Red Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots under an Alternating Current Driving Mode
摘要： Inorganic perovskites have emerged as a promising candidate for light-emitting devices due to their high stability and tunable band gap. However, the power consumption and brightness have always been an issue for perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Here, we improved the luminescence intensity and decreased the current density of the PeLEDs based on CsPbI3 quantum dots (QDs) and p-type Si substrate through an alternating current (AC) driving mode. For the different driving voltage modes (under a sine pulsed bias or square pulsed bias), a frequency-dependent electroluminescent (EL) behavior was observed. The devices under a square pulsed bias present a stronger EL intensity under the same voltage due to less thermal degradation at the interface. The red PeLEDs under a square pulsed bias driving demonstrate that the EL intensity drop-off phenomenon was further improved, and the integrated EL intensity shows the almost linear increase with the increasing driving voltage above 8.5 V. Additionally, compared to the direct current (DC) driving mode, the red PeLEDs under the AC condition exhibit higher operating stability, which is mainly due to the reducing accumulated charges in the devices. Our work provides an effective approach for obtaining strong brightness, low power consumption, and high stability light-emitting devices, which will exert a profound in?uence on coupling LEDs with household power supplies directly.
关键词： low power consumption,perovskite quantum dots,silicon,light emitting diodes,alternating current driving
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37