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- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Fabrication of flexible and bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell with superstrate-type structure using a lift-off process
摘要： Flexible and bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell with superstrate-type structure utilizing ethylene tetra-fluoroethylene (ETFE) was fabricated by a lift-off process. The advantages of the lift-off process performed under low temperature (below 100 °C) are to allow to deposit the CIGS layer under high temperature and to use ETFE as superstrate. The superstrate-type structure consists of ETFE/epoxy glue/ZnO:Al (AZO)/ZnO/CdS/CIGS/back contact, where the bilayer of ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/400-nm-thick AZO was used as the back contact. The optical and electrical properties of the bilayer of ultra-thin Au/400-nm-thick AZO were examined for the suitable back contact. It is determined that the transmittance of the bilayer of the ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/AZO is reasonably suitable in view of optical property. The ohmic-like characteristic at the CIGS/ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/AZO interface is attained. Consequently, the flexible and bifacial CIGS solar cell is realized by a lift-off process with conversion efficiency values of 6.2% for the frontside illumination and 0.9% for the backside illumination.
关键词： ETFE film,Superstrate-type structure,Flexible and bifacial solar cell,Copper indium gallium selenide,Lift-off process
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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N multiple quantum dot solar cells
摘要： In this work, we investigate the influence of the internal electric field induced by the polarization inside the active region of the p-i-n photodiode on the characteristics of InN/InGaN quantum dots intermediate band solar cell. Considering the conduction and valence band offsets, the electron and hole energy levels have been determined by solving analytically the corresponding Schr?dinger equations. The hole level, usually neglected in similar studies, is taken into account to determine all the intermediate transitions. All parameters of multiple quantum dot solar cells such as open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density and photovoltaic conversion efficiency are determined as functions of the indium content, the internal electric field, inter-dot distances and dot sizes. Our calculations show that determining the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η) without taking into account the internal electric field leads to an overestimation of η.
关键词： Temperature effect,Intermediate level,Internal electric field,Solar cell,Photovoltaic conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Discovery of Novel Two-Dimensional Photovoltaic Materials Accelerated by Machine Learning
摘要： Searching for novel, high-performance, two-dimensional photovoltaic (2DPV) materials is an important pursuit for solar cell applications. In this work, an efficient method based on the machine learning algorithm combined with high-throughput screening is developed. Twenty-six 2DPV candidates are successfully ruled out from 187093 experimentally identified inorganic crystal structures, whose conversion efficiencies are predicted by density functional theory calculations. Our results indicate that Sb2Se2Te, Sb2Te3, and Bi2Se3 exhibit conversion efficiencies that are much higher than those of others, which make them promising 2DPV candidates for further applications. The superior photovoltaic performance is then analyzed, and the hidden structure-related relationships with photovoltaic properties are established, thus providing important information for the further examination of 2DPV materials. Given the rapid development of the database of materials, this approach not only provides an efficient way of searching for novel 2DPV materials but also can be applied to exploration of a broad range of functional materials.
关键词： high-throughput screening,machine learning,solar cell applications,density functional theory,two-dimensional photovoltaic materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Transparent Electrode and Buffer Layer Combination for Reducing Carrier Recombination and Optical Loss Realizing over a 22%-Efficient Cd-Free Alkaline-Treated Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) <sub/>2</sub> Solar Cell by the All-Dry Process
摘要： Structures of (K or Cs) alkaline-treated Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe) solar cells are developed, and their carrier recombination rates are scrutinized. It is determined that short-circuit current density (JSC) is enhanced (decreased optical loss), when ZnS(O,OH), (Cd,Zn)S, and Zn0.8Mg0.2O buffers with large band-gap energy (Eg) are applied as replacement of CdS buffer. The JSC is further increased, more reducing the optical loss, when Zn0.9Mg0.1O:B is used as transparent conductive oxide (TCO) with larger Eg and lower free carrier absorption than those of ZnO:Al. Furthermore, all carrier recombination rates throughout the devices with K or Cs treatment, especially at buffer/absorber interface and in quasi neutral region, are reduced, thereby reducing open-circuit voltage deficit (VOC,def), well consistent with the simulated ones. The carrier recombination rate at the buffer/absorber interface is further decreased, when the CdS and (Cd,Zn)S buffers, deposited by chemical bath deposition, are applied, leading to the more reduction of the VOC,def and the high conversion efficiency (η) of about 21%. Under the trade-off between VOC,def and optical loss, the highest η of 22.6% is attained with the lowest power loss (or the highest VOC × JSC) in the Cs-treated Cd-free CIGSSe solar cell with an optimized structure of glass/Mo/CIGSSe/Zn0.8Mg0.2O/Zn0.9Mg0.1O:B, fabricated by all-dry process, where the Zn0.8Mg0.2O buffer is prepared by the sputtering method. This occurs because the JSC is the highest attributable to the larger Eg of Zn0.8Mg0.2O buffer than those of the CdS and (Cd,Zn)S.
关键词： Zn1-xMgxO,Zn1-xMgxO:Al,Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 thin-film solar cell,carrier recombination rates,Zn1-xMgxO:B,(Cd,Zn)S
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Investigation of thin-film p-BaSi<sub>2</sub>/n-CdS heterostructure towards semiconducting silicide based high efficiency solar cell
摘要： In this article, semiconducting Barium Silicide (BaSi2) absorber based Al/SnO2:F/CdS/BaSi2:B/Cu novel heterostructure thin-film solar cell (TFSC) has been studied in details. The solar cell has been numerically simulated and intensely analyzed by Solar cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). Layer thickness was varied from 100-3000 nm for p+-BaSi2 absorber, 20-200 nm for both n-CdS buffer, and n+-SnO2:F window layers to optimize the device. Hitherwards, the impurities concentration for acceptor (NA) and donor (ND) ions was optimized for each layer through ample variation. The influence of single-donor and acceptor type bulk defect densities has been investigated thoroughly in p+-BaSi2 and n-CdS materials, respectively. An efficiency >30% is achievable ideally with a 2 μm thick BaSi2 absorber without incorporating defects whereas it reduces to 26.32% with only 1.2 μm thick absorber including certain amount of defects. Cell thermal stability and alteration of cell parameters were studied under cell operating temperature from 273°K to 473°K. Finally, the effect of series (Rs) and shunt (Rsh) resistances on proposed cell has been investigated meticulously. This newly designed solar cell structure proclaims the chance of fabricating a resourceful, low cost, and highly efficient TFSC near future.
关键词： SnO2:F window,Thin-film solar cell,BaSi2 absorber,SCAPS simulation,CdS buffer,Optimization
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Photocurrent enhancement by incorporation of air-stable Cs <sub/>2</sub> SnI <sub/>6</sub> Perovskite in dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： Cs2SnI6 is an inorganic lead-free perovskite variant which is air and thermal stable and its application in the third generation of photovoltaic devices is undergoing rapid expansion over the past few years. This paper presents a fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with the incorporation of Cs2SnI6 perovskite in the active layer of N-719 dye. The absorbance spectra of N-719 dye on TiO2 mesoporous layer is found to increase by the addition of 2 wt% and 3 wt% of Cs2SnI6 in N719 dye in comparison to the reference of N-719 dye leading the role of Cs2SnI6 as photon absorber in the devices. Our fabricated DSSC device reveals a photocurrent enhancement from 6.36 mA/cm2 to 12.87 mA/cm2 by the addition of 3 wt% of Cs2SnI6, along with the enhancement of power conversion efficiency from 1.71% to 3.94%.
关键词： Cs2SnI6,perovskite,dye-sensitized solar cell,N-719 dye,photocurrent enhancement
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Cd-free Cu(InGa)Se2 solar cells with eco-friendly a-Si buffer layers
摘要： CdS, In2S3 and ZnO-based materials are typically adopted as bu?er layers in high e?ciency CIGS solar cells. However, the drawbacks involved toxicity, complicated synthesis process and environmental damage of aforementioned materials would someday limit the development themselves. Here, for the ?rst time, eco-friendly and low-cost a-Si thin ?lms prepared by e-beam evaporation were used as bu?er layers in CIGS solar cells. Thickness of a-Si ?lms was changed to optimize the performance of CIGS solar cells through investigating their optical, structural and electrical properties. It revealed that the conduction band alignment of CIGS and a-Si is a favorable spike and a 60 nm a-Si ?lm is optimal for CIGS/a-Si interface properties. Following the SCAPS simulation, bandgaps and conduction band energy level of CIGS ?lms were facilely modulated through altering the Ga/(Ga + In) ratios. The conversion e?ciency of solar cell with modi?ed CIGS ?lm was relatively improved by over 30% compared to the pristine one. The present work provides a new and eco-friendly strategy for fabrication of CIGS solar cells and expands the application of a-Si thin ?lms as bu?er layers for solar cells.
关键词： CIGS thin ?lm,Cd-free solar cell,a-Si thin ?lm,SCAPS simulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhanced current density of anatase TiO2 nanowire arrays by interface connection modulation in flexible quantum dot sensitized solar cells
摘要： The stability and photovoltaic conversion efficiency are very important issues for the industry application of flexible solar cells, which have been seriously limited by the interface connection of basic photo-electrodes in solar cells. Here, one-dimensional TiO2 nanowire arrays films were employed as photo-electrodes of flexible solar cells, which have modulated interface connection of the photo-electrodes by introducing small size of nanoparticles and heating pressure process. The charge generation and separation properties of photo-electrodes have been influenced, which may be attributed by the changes on band energy of small size of nanoparticles in photo-electrodes. With the improvement on the interface connection in the photo-electrodes, the charge transfer property has been effectively improved, which have exhibited a higher current density value of the solar cells, achieving photovoltaic conversion efficiency enhancement from 2.55% to 3.90%. Moreover, there have no obvious changes on the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of these flexible QDSSCs solar cells under the curling condition.
关键词： Anatase TiO2 nanowire arrays,Flexible quantum dot sensitized solar cell,Interface connection,Photovoltaic performance enhancement,Small size of nanoparticles,Heating pressure
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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SrCl <sub/>2</sub> an environment friendly alternate to CdCl <sub/>2</sub> treatment for CdTe thin films solar cell application
摘要： The CdCl2 treatment is a an important step for CdTe absorber based solar cell, however CdCl2 is less abundant, toxic and extremely environment unfriendly. We propose strontium chloride SrCl2 as a possible environment friendly replacement which is non-toxic, abundant and provide comparable ef?ciency to thin ?lm solar cell. In this work the CdTe thin ?lm was prepared by closed space sublimation (CSS) technique, while SrCl2 was further coated by a spin coater and ?nally annealed at 200 °C. The structural properties including particle size, dislocation density and strain were determined. The structural analysis reveals that the ?lms are crystalline, cubic zinc-blende structure with preferred orientation of (111) plane. Presence of SrCl2 layer causes increase in the intensities for other orientations of (220) and (311), showing material loses in the preferred orientation of (111) making it polycrystalline. Surface morphology observed by SEM shows improved uniformity with fewer defects after SrCl2 treatment. Band gap and other optical properties were determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Optical band gap is found in the range 1.6 eV to 1.4 eV and observed to decrease with the increasing SrCl2 content. The electrical conductivity is observed increasing with the addition of second layer. We report that the SrCl2 coated thin ?lms are ef?cient, comparable and environmental friendly replacement for the CdCl2 coated CdTe thin ?lms.
关键词： thin ?lm solar cell,CdTe,CdCl2 coating,SrCl2 coating
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Effect of PQT-12 interface layer on the performance of PCDTBT: PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cells
摘要： The effect of PQT-12 interface layer on the performance of PCDTBT:PCBM based bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) is reported in this paper. The PQT-12 interface layer is obtained by cost and material effective technique, floating film transfer method (FTM). It is shown that the use of FTM-based PQT-12 HTL significant improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the OSCs over only PEDOT:PSS HTL based OSCs. The OSC has the maximum values of JSC (=5.62 mA cm?2), VOC (=562 mV) and FF (=0.33) in the PQT-12 incorporated structure due to efficient carrier transfer at the interface. The PCE of nearly twice of the only PEDOT:PSS HTL OSC is obtained in case of the PQT-12/PEDOT:PSS structure.
关键词： organic solar cell (OSC),PCDTBT,bulk heterojunction,PQT-12,floating film transfer method (FTM)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57