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Core-Shell ZnO@SnO2 Nanoparticles for Efficient Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The ideal charge transport materials should exhibit a proper energy level, high carrier mobility, sufficient conductivity, and excellent charge extraction ability. Here, a novel electron transport material was designed and synthesized via using a simple and facile solvothermal method, which is composed by the core-shell ZnO@SnO2 nanoparticles. Thanks to the good match between energy level of SnO2 shell and high electron mobility of core ZnO nanoparticles, the PCE of inorganic perovskite solar cells has reached 14.35% (JSC: 16.45 mA cm-2, VOC: 1.11 V, FF: 79%), acting core-shell ZnO@SnO2 nanoparticles as the electron transfer layer. The core-shell ZnO@SnO2 nanoparticles size is 8.1 nm with the SnO2 shell thickness of 3.4 nm, and the electron mobility is seven times more than SnO2 nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the uniform core-shell ZnO@SnO2 nanoparticles is extremely favorable to the growth of inorganic perovskite films. These preliminary results strongly suggest the great potential of this novel electron transfer material in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells.
关键词： inorganic perovskite solar cells,electron transport material,solvothermal method,core-shell ZnO@SnO2 nanoparticles,high electron mobility
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Controlled Growth and Bandstructure Properties of One Dimensional Cadmium Sulfide Nanorods for Visible Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
摘要： One dimensional (1D) metal sulfide nanostructures are one of the most promising materials for photocatalytic water splitting reactions to produce hydrogen (H2). However, tuning the nanostructural, optical, electrical and chemical properties of metal sulfides is a challenging task for the fabrication of highly efficient photocatalysts. Herein, 1D CdS nanorods (NRs) were synthesized by a facile and low-cost solvothermal method, in which reaction time played a significant role for increasing the length of CdS NRs from 100 nm to several micrometers. It is confirmed that as the length of CdS NR increases, the visible photocatalytic H2 evolution activity also increases and the CdS NR sample obtained at 18 hr. reaction time exhibited the highest H2 evolution activity of 206.07 μmol.g-1.h-1. The higher H2 evolution activity is explained by the improved optical absorption properties, enhanced electronic bandstructure and decreased electron-hole recombination rate.
关键词： photocatalytic H2 evolution,bandstructure,CdS nanorods,electron-hole recombination,solvothermal synthesis
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Plasmonic hybrid platinum-titania nanocomposites as highly active photocatalysts: self-cleaning of cotton fiber under solar light
摘要： In the present paper, a one-step, simple, efficient and low-cost strategy was demonstrated for preparing of highly stable hybrid platinum-titania (Pt@TiO2) photocatalyst by solvothermal wet chemical process. Platinum (Pt) in the metallic form combined with titania (TiO2) in the crystallographic anatase form has been manufactured using Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent and surfactant using titanium (IV) butoxide and hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV) precursors. Full characterization of the hybrid nanomaterials including their morphology, crystalline structure and optical properties was determinate using different experimental techniques such as XRD, TEM and UV–vis spectroscopy. TEM images showed spherically shaped Pt nanoparticles (NPs) of the diameter 5–10 nm with good particle size distribution. The EDXRF data revealed that Pt NPs are in metallic form. Optical investigation show that Pt@TiO2 NPs exhibits a good optical response under UV–vis light excitation compared to bare-TiO2. Furthermore, photocatalytic investigation of Pt@TiO2 colloids photocatalyst towards the photodegradation of diuron, as a model organic pesticide was reported. The hybrid Pt@TiO2 photocatalyst prove high-performance on the photodecomposition of the pesticide under solar light within only 60 min. In the other hand, the plasmonic hybrid Pt@TiO2 was incorporated into the cotton fabric to attain a modified fiber with high self-cleaning activity.
关键词： Self-cleaning,Semiconductors,Heterogenous catalysis,Cotton fiber,Solvothermal method,Nanocomposites
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Binary transition metal sulfides as an economical Pt-free counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Binary CuxCoySz sulfide based Pt-free counter electrodes (CE) were prepared in one-step solvothermal synthesis process. The obtained CEs were characterized by SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy methods. EDX analysis showed uniform distribution of Cu, Co and S. SEM images revealed different level of coverage of the FTO glass by the binary metal sulfide products. DSSCs were constructed using proposed CEs with N719 dye, and their photovoltaic and electrochemical performances were assessed against Pt reference cell. The efficiency of the CuxCoySz-3 CE produced an 11% improvement of its photovoltaic efficiency compared to the reference cell.
关键词： Cu-Co-S complex,SEM,XRD,Solvothermal synthesis,Raman
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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A novel quartz-crystal microbalance humidity sensor based on solution-processible indium oxide quantum dots
摘要： Having a large surface area, like the quantum con?nement e?ect also caused by the nano-level size of quantum dots (QDs), creates fantastic potential for humidity sensing. A high concentration of surface adsorption sites initiates an increased response. Porosity between QDs allows fast water vapor penetration and out?ow. Here, a quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensor was prepared using indium oxide (In2O3) QDs, synthesized via a solvothermal method. After the In2O3 QDs were directly spin-coated onto the QCM, an annealing process removed organic long chains and exposed more moisture adsorption sites on the surfaces of the QDs. The annealed QCM humidity sensor exhibited high sensitivity (56.3 Hz per %RH at 86.3% RH), with a fast response/recovery time (14 s/16 s). Long carbon chains were broken down, and hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups were chemisorbed to the QDs. The chemical reaction was reduced by these chemisorbed hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups. Mass change was mostly caused by fast multilayer physisorption. Thus, the transducer can e?ectively and precisely monitor the moisture from a person's breath. In2O3 QD-modi?ed QCM sensors demonstrate promising humidity-sensing applications in daily life.
关键词： indium oxide quantum dots,annealing process,solvothermal method,humidity sensor,quartz-crystal microbalance
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Paper-Based Flexible Electrode Using Chemically-Modified Graphene and Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites for Electrophysiological Signal Sensing
摘要： Flexible paper-based physiological sensor electrodes were developed using chemically-modified graphene (CG) and carboxylic-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube composites (f@MWCNTs). A solvothermal process with additional treatment was conducted to synthesize CG and f@MWCNTs to make CG-f@MWCNT composites. The composite was sonicated in an appropriate solvent to make a uniform suspension, and then it was drop cast on a nylon membrane in a vacuum filter. A number of batches (0%~35% f@MWCNTs) were prepared to investigate the performance of the physical characteristics. The 25% f@MWCNT-loaded composite showed the best adhesion on the paper substrate. The surface topography and chemical bonding of the proposed CG-f@MWCNT electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The average sheet resistance of the 25% CG-f@MWCNT electrode was determined to be 75 ?/(cid:3), and it showed a skin contact impedance of 45.12 k? at 100 Hz. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were recorded from the chest and fingertips of healthy adults using the proposed electrodes. The CG-f@MWCNT electrodes demonstrated comfortability and a high sensitivity for electrocardiogram signal detection.
关键词： solvothermal-treated,flexible dry electrode,graphene-based composites,electrocardiogram,functionalized MWCNTs
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Alcohol-Induced Synthesis of Photocatalytic TiO2 with Controlled Hierarchical Structure
摘要： Three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical TiO2 structures were obtained by a facile solvothermal process. Various analytical techniques were used to characterize the crystal phase, morphology and optical absorption of the obtained samples. The experimental results indicate that the morphology could be tailored by adjusting the volume ratio of glycerol to ethanol. The investigation of photocatalytic performance shows that all the as-prepared TiO2 samples possess an excellent photocatalytic activity superior to commercial P25 in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under UV-light irradiation. In addition, the optimized volume ratio of ethanol to glycerol is 20 : 15. The possible mechanism related to the photocatalytic activity of the sample is discussed in detail. The enhanced photocatalytic activities of TiO2 samples could result from their hierarchical structures assembled by 1D nanorods and large light-harvesting efficiency.
关键词： solvothermal process,photocatalytic activity,hierarchical,TiO2
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Durable and stable UV–Vis perovskite photodetectors based on CH3NH3PbI3 crystals synthesized via a solvothermal method
摘要： The CH3NH3PbI3-based photodetectors were fabricated with a coplanar metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) IDT patterned Au electrode configuration. The MSM-structured perovskite-based photodetectors exhibited a higher Ion/Ioff of about 3.77 × 102, and a response of 6.66 mA/W. Additionally, the photodetectors worked best under red illumination, and the rise and decay times were estimated to shorter than 0.04 s and 0.05 s. Especially, the durability and stability of these photodetectors were excellent, which can be exposed to the red light illumination over 1000 s. There were still stable photocurrent signal after 90 days. It indicated that the device possessed a longer durability and had a lifetime of exceeding 90 days. These outstanding performances could be potentially applicable for practical applications.
关键词： perovskite,stability,photodetectors,solvothermal method,durability
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solvothermal Synthesis of CuInS2 Nanoparticles in Ethylene Glycol–Water Medium and Their Photovoltaic Properties
摘要： CuInS2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a solvothermal method using a 1:1 (v/v) water : ethylene glycol (EG) as a binary solvent mixture. The synthesized powder, characterized by XRD technique, was indexed as CuInS2 with a tetragonal structure. FESEM and TEM images revealed that the CuInS2 powder composed of spherical nanoparticles with diameters in the range of 15–30 nm. The CuInS2 powder was also synthesized using water as a solvent for comparison. Particle size of the CuInS2 nanoparticles synthesized using mixed solvent of water : EG was smaller with softer agglomeration behavior than those synthesized using water (50–75 nm) offering better photovoltaic properties, including open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and conversion efficiency (η). The difference in these characteristics of the CuInS2 nanoparticles was discussed based on some physicochemical properties of the solvents used.
关键词： ethylene glycol–water medium,solvothermal,CuInS2,photovoltaic material
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Nanoparticles Assembled CdIn2O4 Spheres with High Sensing Properties towards n-Butanol
摘要： Cd/In-glycerate spheres are synthesized through a simple solvothermal method. After thermal treatment, these Cd/In-glycerates can be converted into CdIn2O4 spheres. Many characterization methods were performed to reveal the microstructure and morphology of the CdIn2O4. It was found that pure CdIn2O4 phase was obtained for the Cd/In starting materials at ratios of 1:1.6. The CdIn2O4 spheres are composed by a large number of nanoparticles subunits. The CdIn2O4 sphere-based sensor exhibited a low detection limit (1 ppm), high response (81.20 to 500 ppm n-butanol), fast response (4 s) and recovery (10 s) time, good selectivity, excellent repeatability, and stability at 280 °C. Our findings highlight the possibility to develop a novel gas sensor based on CdIn2O4 for application in n-butanol detection with high performance.
关键词： solvothermal method,spheres,CdIn2O4,gas sensor,n-butnaol
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22