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- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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A high-throughput plasmonic tongue using an aggregation assay and nonspecific interactions: classification of taste profiles in maple syrup
摘要： A simple colorimetric test detects off-flavour profiles of maple syrups in minutes, which are detectable by the naked eye. As flavour profiles are due to complex mixtures of molecules, the test uses nonspecific interactions for analysing the aggregation and color change of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) induced by the different organic molecules contained in off-flavour maple syrup. The test was optimal with 13 nm citrate-capped AuNPs reacting 1 : 1 with pure maple syrup diluted 10 times. Under these conditions, normal flavour maple syrups did not react and the solution remained red, while off-flavoured maple syrups aggregated the AuNPs and the solution turned blue. Different classes of molecules were then tested to evaluate the types of compounds typically found in maple syrups reacting in the test, showing that sulfur- and amine-containing amino acids and aromatic amines caused aggregation of the AuNPs. The test was validated with 1818 maple syrup samples from the 2018 harvest in Quebec and 98% of the off-flavoured maple syrups were positively identified against the standard taste test. Preliminary tests were performed on site in maple sugar shacks to validate the applicability of the test on the production site.
关键词： colorimetric test,Au nanoparticles,maple syrup,off-flavour,nonspecific interactions
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Effect of Surface Charge on the Efficiency of Electrodynamic Dust Shield Prototypes
摘要： In this study, two standalone weather-resistant EDS prototypes were tested in the laboratory to investigate the effect of surface charge on dust removal efficiency. Dust was deposited using a sieve deposition method, and a micro-photomicrography method was used to quantify the dust removal efficiency of the prototypes at various locations on the EDS surface, after a single activation of the EDS, also known as the single-operation mode. Both “dry clean” and “wet clean” were used to prepare the EDS surface prior to each experimental run. The method of cleaning prior to the experiment affected the dust removal efficiency, apparently because the different cleaning actions led to different conditions of surface charge. Dry clean resulted EDS efficiency than was only 1/3 that of wet clean. Meanwhile, dry clean left more than twice as much negative charge on the EDS surface as wet clean, measured at 6 min after the cleaning action. This laboratory study shows the effect of surface charge on EDS efficiency, and it can be used to explain the location dependence of dust removal efficiency observed in the field study. Further research is needed to better understand the role of surface charge in the performance of EDS and potentially improve the technology.
关键词： mitigation,soiling loss,electrodynamic dust shield,field test
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Aerosol Jet Printed Optical Waveguides for Short Range Communication
摘要： This article presents an innovative way for additive manufacturing of optical multimode waveguides for short range data transmission. By the use of aerosol jet printing between conditioning lines on flexible foils, low cost and low weight polymer optical waveguides can be easily fabricated. The main advantages – compared to other waveguide manufacturing techniques – are the maximum fabricable waveguide length (not limited by panel- or wafer size), technology costs and 3D-ability. Furthermore, the printing allows for very long structures, which are not limited to wafer or panel sizes. In order to classify the new manufacturing approach and compare it to other technologies such as photolithography, imprinting, dispensing and ion-exchange, results on the mechanical (shear strength) and optical performance (transmittance, near field and attenuation) are presented. In addition, the experimental results on the data transmission performance are important to prove the suitability of the waveguides for high-speed communication applications. In this context, nearly error-free transmission up to 10 Gbit/s was achieved at a wavelength of 850 nm.
关键词： optical multimode waveguide,additive manufacturing,shear test,aerosol jet printing,optical data transmission
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Design and Optimization Methodology of Coplanar Waveguide Test Structures for Dielectric Characterization of Thin Films
摘要： This paper describes an accurate design method of coplanar waveguide (CPW) test structures on characterizing dielectric properties of thin films with arbitrary thickness. Current CPW measurement method has difficulty in providing accurate dielectric properties of films with extremely small thickness. To address this issue, an optimized algorithm is presented to generate proper geometric parameters of CPW test structures for films with different thickness. To validate the accuracy of the proposed design methodology, various test cases of CPW structures with different dimensions have been designed and implemented, the extracted dielectric properties (e.g., dielectric constant and loss tangent) from the S-parameters of the different test cases are compared to the benchmark results simulated by accurate electromagnetic tool Ansys HFSS. It demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed optimized method on quickly producing correct dimensions of CPW test lines for accurate properties characterization of thin films.
关键词： Dielectric properties,Thin film,Coplanar waveguide test structure,Optimization method
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Design, fabrication, and characterization of a high-performance CMOS-compatible thermopile infrared detector with self-test function
摘要： This paper presents the design, fabrication and characterization of a CMOS-compatible thermopile infrared (IR) detector with self-test function based on XeF2 front-side dry etching. In order to achieve better performance, a heavily doped N/P-polysilicon is utilized to form thermocouples, and XeF2 front-side isotropic etching is adopted to release and thermal isolation. At the same time, a platinum thermopile IR detector. IR radiation sensing shows that the detector achieves relatively high responsivity of 160.03 V/W and detectivity of 9.75×107 cm?Hz1/2 and a extremely short response time of 2.5 ms in air at room temperature. In addition, self-test measurement is conducted and validated by applying a voltage to the heater. Compared with traditional methods for detecting thermopile performance, this method has obvious convenience and simplicity, which provides a effective way for performance monitoring of thermal-based devices.
关键词： high-performance,thermopile infrared detector,heater,self-test
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) - Silicon Valley, CA, USA (2018.7.9-2018.7.11)] 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) - Feasibility and Challenges of Over-The-Air Testing for 5G Millimeter Wave Devices
摘要： The evolution from 1G through 5G cellular technologies has been fueled mainly by the insatiable need for speed, lower latency, high reliability and enhanced flexibility of use across the wireless ecosystem. Using multiple antennas in conjunction with complex modulation schemes has rendered each generation of cellular technology an enhanced version over its former counterpart. 5G technology aims to exploit previously unchartered higher millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies & larger bandwidths towards realizing the goal of greater data throughput, while simultaneously enhancing data reliability and reducing latency. The small wavelength of mmWave signals makes it possible to design 5G devices using several multi-element phased array antennas with small element-element spacing. However, unlike the antenna designs of 2G/3G/4G devices, 5G multi-element antennas would be integrated with the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) board of the 5G device. The tight integration between antennas and RFIC renders the antenna port of the device under test (DUT) inaccessible for physical connections using cables/connectors to test equipment. Since conducted testing with cables is not feasible anymore, radiated over-the-air (OTA) testing becomes mandatory for 5G mmWave device verification. This paper aims to assess the feasibility of candidate OTA test methods for 5G mmWave test requirements. The challenges of testing 5G mmWave devices over-the-air have been elucidated and alternative OTA test solutions for overcoming these challenges have also been discussed.
关键词： multi-probe anechoic chamber (MPAC),Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO),compact antenna test range (CATR),far-field,near-field,antenna arrays
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 3rd Russian-Pacific Conference on Computer Technology and Applications (RPC) - Vladivostok (2018.8.18-2018.8.25)] 2018 3rd Russian-Pacific Conference on Computer Technology and Applications (RPC) - Modeling of a Solar Arrays Deployment Process at Ground Tests of Mechanical Devices on Active Gravity Compensation Systems
摘要： This paper focuses on the modeling of a spacecraft solar arrays deployment process in ground tests of mechanical devices on the active gravity compensation systems. The ground tests are carried out on the test workbenches. Such workbenches provide a gravity compensation of the solar arrays in the deployment process in order to simulate the space weightlessness conditions. The passive gravity compensation systems with cable suspensions for moving parts of the solar array are the most widespread at nowadays. The gravity compensation of the passive workbenches for the large size and heavy solar arrays could differ significantly from the space weightlessness conditions because of the “added mass effect”. For this reason, an active gravity compensation workbench was created by ISS-Reshetnev Company order [1]. In the active gravity compensation system, the trolleys are equipped with tracking systems, which hold the suspension cable on vertical position with high accuracy during the solar array deployment and the tensile (compensation) forces in the cables supported by automatic control systems at desired levels. The modeling of dynamics of the solar arrays transformable elements and the active gravity compensation system mobile devices was implemented in Matlab Simulink with creating mechanical component models at SolidWorks and other.
关键词： weightlessness environment,deployable solar arrays,zero-gravity,ground test,gravity compensation system
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Non-Local Means Image Denoising using Shapiro-Wilk Similarity Measure
摘要： Most of the real-time image acquisitions produce noisy measurements of the unknown true images. Image denoising is the post-acquisition technique to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the acquired images. Denoising is an essential pre-processing step for different image processing applications such as image segmentation, feature extraction, registration and other quantitative measurements. Among different denoising methods proposed in the literature, the non-local means method is a preferred choice for images corrupted with additive Gaussian noise. Conventional non-local means ?lter (CNLM) suppresses noise in a given image with minimum loss of structural information. In this paper, we propose modi?cations to CNLM algorithm where the samples are selected statistically using Shapiro-Wilk test. The experiments on standard test images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
关键词： Shapiro-Wilk test,Noise,Denoising,Gaussian,Non-Local Means
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optomechanical Bell Test
摘要： Over the past few decades, experimental tests of Bell-type inequalities have been at the forefront of understanding quantum mechanics and its implications. These strong bounds on specific measurements on a physical system originate from some of the most fundamental concepts of classical physics—in particular that properties of an object are well-defined independent of measurements (realism) and only affected by local interactions (locality). The violation of these bounds unambiguously shows that the measured system does not behave classically, void of any assumption on the validity of quantum theory. It has also found applications in quantum technologies for certifying the suitability of devices for generating quantum randomness, distributing secret keys and for quantum computing. Here we report on the violation of a Bell inequality involving a massive, macroscopic mechanical system. We create light-matter entanglement between the vibrational motion of two silicon optomechanical oscillators, each comprising approx. 1010 atoms, and two optical modes. This state allows us to violate a Bell inequality by more than 4 standard deviations, directly confirming the nonclassical behavior of our optomechanical system under the fair sampling assumption.
关键词： Bell test,quantum mechanics,entanglement,nonclassical behavior,optomechanics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Silver and gold nanoparticles as multi-chromatic lateral flow assay probes for the detection of food allergens
摘要： In this study, we report the simultaneous use of gold and silver nanoparticles to set a multicolor multiplex lateral flow immunoassay (xLFIA). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), spherical in shape and characterized by a brilliant yellow color, were obtained by a new viable one-step synthetic protocol. AgNPs were stable over time and acceptably robust to conditions used for fabricating LFIA devices. These AgNPs were employed as a colorimetric probe in combination with two different kinds of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to set a visual xLFIA for detecting allergens. Surface plasmon resonance peaks of probes (AgNPs, spherical and desert rose-like AuNPs) were centered at 420, 525, and 620 nm, respectively. Therefore, the xLFIA output was easily interpreted through a Byellow magenta cyan (YMC)^ color code. The prospect of the YMC xLFIA was demonstrated by simultaneously detecting three major allergens in bakery products. Antibodies directed towards casein, ovalbumin, and hazelnut allergenic proteins were individually adsorbed onto metal nanoparticles to produce three differently colored specific probes. These were inserted in a LFIA comprising three lines, each responsive for one allergen. The trichromatic xLFIA was able to detect allergenic proteins at levels as low as 0.1 mg/l and enabled the easy identification of the allergens in commercial biscuits based on the color of the probes.
关键词： Multiplex detection,Hazelnut,Ovalbumin,Colorimetry,Immunochromatographic strip test,Casein
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01