1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved designing a cylindrical porous media combustion-based thermophotovoltaic (PMC-TPV) device, utilizing a mixture of methane-air at an equivalence ratio of 0.7 in a packed bed of alumina balls coated with ytterbia (Yb2O3) and erbia (Er2O3) for spectral control. A radiant reflector was used to enhance electrical output and radiant efficiency.

2：7 in a packed bed of alumina balls coated with ytterbia (Yb2O3) and erbia (Er2O3) for spectral control. A radiant reflector was used to enhance electrical output and radiant efficiency. Sample Selection and Data Sources:

2. Sample Selection and Data Sources: The fuel mixture was controlled with mass flow controllers, and temperature was monitored using thermocouples connected to a data acquisition module.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included mass flow controllers, thermocouples, a data acquisition module, GaSb TPV cells, a programmable DC electronic load, and a radiant reflector. Materials included methane-air mixture, alumina balls, ytterbia, and erbia coatings.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The reactor was ignited, and temperature readings were recorded. The equivalence ratio was set to 0.7, and flow rates were adjusted to achieve desired firing rates. I-V measurements were taken once the flame stabilized.

5：7, and flow rates were adjusted to achieve desired firing rates. I-V measurements were taken once the flame stabilized. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: The performance was evaluated based on temperature measurements, radiant efficiency, and electrical power output from the GaSb cells.