1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study utilized a graphene/WS2 nanocomposites saturable absorber (G/W-SA) in an Yb-doped fiber laser cavity to achieve mode-locking. The nonlinear optical properties of the G/W-SA were characterized using a twin-detector measurement technique.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Graphene/WS2 nanocomposites were prepared using the liquid phase exfoliation method. The samples were characterized using TEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a mode-locked fiber laser, optical spectrometer, TEM (FEI TF-20), AFM (Dimension Icon, Bruker), Raman spectroscopy (LabRAM Aramis), and XRD (DX-2700). Materials included graphene/WS2 nanocomposites, Yb-doped fiber, and polarization controller.

4：0). Materials included graphene/WS2 nanocomposites, Yb-doped fiber, and polarization controller. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The G/W-SA was integrated into the laser cavity. The mode-locking state was achieved by adjusting the pump power and polarization controller. The output characteristics were analyzed using an optical spectrum analyzer, oscilloscope, and RF spectrum analyzer.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The saturable absorption properties were analyzed using a simplified model. The laser output was characterized in terms of spectrum, pulse duration, and repetition rate.