摘要： The aim of this study is to improve aeroengine multistage rotor performance and to reduce the incidence of failures. Measuring the form error of seam allowance connecting cylindrical surface accurately is critical to achieve rotor optimal stack assembly stage-by-stage. In this paper, compared to the traditional cylindrical profile measurement model, a more comprehensive measurement model was built based on a 2-dimensional line laser sensor measurement technique, a model in which the component eccentricity error e, the sensor lateral offset error d, the sensor forward tilt error θx, the sensor lateral tilt error θy, and the rotary table tilt error γ were gradually modeled and separated. The particle swarm optimization algorithm was adopted to solve the model error parameters. The residual error simulation was performed to observe the effect of different levels of offset errors on the measurement results. The aeroengine rotor seam allowance surface measurement experiment was performed to verify the validity of the method model. We can conclude that the sensor lateral offset error d was 3.214 μm, sensor forward tilt error θx was 12.754′′, sensor lateral tilt error θy was 10.365′′, and rotary table tilt error γ was 2.146′′. The cylindricity error value was 3.701 μm. Compared with the traditional cylindrical profile measurement method, the measurement accuracy of cylindricity error was improved by 1.768 μm. The proposed method can improve the measurement accuracy significantly of multistage rotors in the aeroengine measurement process; besides, it can also be extended to the measurement of other geometric form errors.