研究目的
To compare the energy and economic performance of Building Integrated PhotoVoltaic (BIPV) collectors and Building Integrated hybrid PhotoVoltaic-Thermal (BIPVT) collectors coupled with small size Wind Turbines (WTs) for reducing fluctuations of power production typical of solar systems.
研究成果
The BIPV-based system is more profitable than the BIPVT one, achieving a simple payback period of about 4.5 years. The integration of solar and wind technologies can be useful to reduce the fluctuations of electric and thermal energy production typical of most renewable-based systems. BIPV panels are more profitable than BIPVT collectors in the current energy market, mainly when coupled with electric driven HPs. However, BIPVT collectors can reach higher energy savings.
研究不足
The study does not consider electric storage systems to reduce the dependence on the energy purchased from the public grid. Future developments aim at analyzing the energy and economic performance of the same layouts when coupled with electric storage systems.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves dynamic simulation models developed in TRNSYS for both BIPV and BIPVT systems coupled with micro-WTs. The models include the whole building-plant system to analyze the passive and active effects of both systems on the heating and cooling loads.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
A real 3-floor touristic hotel located in Sorrento, near Naples (southern Italy) is used as a case study. Real electricity demand data and occupancy schedules were provided by the building owner.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The systems include BIPVT collectors/BIPV panels, micro-WTs, reversible air-to-water heat pumps, and other components like inverters, regulators, and pumps. Specific models and brands are mentioned for some components.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The operation of each system is controlled based on solar radiation, temperature differences, and occupancy schedules. The control strategies aim to maximize energy production and efficiency.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The performance of the systems is evaluated in terms of primary energy savings, economic profitability (Simple Pay Back period), and environmental impact (avoided CO2 emissions).
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