研究目的
To explore the extended abilities of liquid laser ablation in transforming ordinary materials into functional ones, specifically focusing on nanoparticle formation of organic materials and hydrogen gas generation from solid carbon in water.
研究成果
Laser ablation in the liquid phase is a useful technique to transform ordinary materials into functional ones under relatively mild condition. Although to date this technique has been applied to rather limited number of materials, further studies from various interests will extend the application field.
研究不足
The diversity of applicable organic molecules for fragmentation by laser ablation is limited by the photodegradation of a molecule even under the mild conditions in the liquid phase. The optical properties of the colloidal solutions need case by case interpretations. Further investigation is required for nanoparticle formation of various organic molecules by laser ablation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Laser ablation in the liquid phase was performed for solid materials suspended in poor solvent by irradiation of laser pulses. The suspension was stirred during the irradiation. Experiments were performed with laser pulses of 5 ns pulse duration from a tunable optical parametric oscillator excited by a Q-switched YAG laser or from a second harmonics of a Q-switched YAG laser. The incident laser power was controlled using a Glan-Laser calcite polarizer.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Organic molecules like quinacridone quinone (QQ) and rubrene (Rb) were used for nanoparticle formation. Carbon materials like binchotan charcoal powder, high-grade carbon powder, and graphite powder were used for hydrogen gas generation.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Q-switched YAG laser, tunable optical parametric oscillator, Glan-Laser calcite polarizer, quartz cuvette, magnetic stirrer, UV-VIS absorption measurement system, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ζ-potential measurement, quadrupole mass spectrometry, and intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
For nanoparticle formation, microcrystals in suspension were irradiated by laser pulses for a few minutes. For hydrogen gas generation, the mixture of powder and distilled water was irradiated by an unfocused beam of laser pulses for 30 or 60 min.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Post-irradiated solutions were investigated by UV-VIS absorption and DLS measurements. Gas components were analyzed by quadrupole mass spectrometry.
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UV-VIS absorption measurement system
V-560
JASCO
Used for measuring absorption spectra of post-irradiated solutions
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Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement
nanopartica
HORIBA Scientific
Used for measuring the size distribution of nanoparticles
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
2000EX
JEOL
Used for visualizing dried nanoparticles in deposited films
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ζ-potential measurement
nanopartica
HORIBA Scientific
Used for measuring surface electric potential on the nanoparticles
-
Q-switched YAG laser
MOPO
Spectra Physics
Used for generating laser pulses for ablation experiments
-
Q-switched YAG laser
Surelite
Continuum
Used for generating laser pulses for ablation experiments
-
Glan-Laser calcite polarizer
Used for controlling the incident laser power
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Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
SPA400
SII
Used for visualizing dried nanoparticles in deposited films
-
Quadrupole mass spectrometry
Nuclear Engineering Co., Ltd.
Used for analyzing gas components
-
Intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD)
PI-MAX
Roper Scientific
Used for detecting emission spectrum
-
Monochromator
300i
Acton
Used with ICCD for detecting emission spectrum
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Super notch filter
Used for blocking strong light scattering
-
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