研究目的
To optimize the surface morphology for the lead-free formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) perovskite solar cells using Poly(α-methylstyrene) (PAMS) as a polymer additive in the antisolution.
研究成果
The addition of PAMS to the antisolution effectively reduces surface pinholes and improves the hydrophobicity of the FASnI3 film without affecting its bulk crystallinity. This leads to enhanced carrier extraction and transportation, resulting in a significant improvement in the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells. The optimal PAMS concentration was found to be 0.5 mg/mL, achieving a maximum PCE of 2.28%.
研究不足
The study is limited to the use of PAMS as a polymer additive in the antisolution for FASnI3 perovskite solar cells. The effect of other polymer additives or different solvents was not explored. Additionally, the study focused on surface morphology and crystallinity without delving into the long-term stability of the devices.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed PAMS as a polymer additive in diethyl ether at different concentrations to modify the antisolution used in the fabrication of FASnI3 perovskite solar cells. The effect of PAMS on the surface morphology and interior crystallinity of the FASnI3 layer was investigated.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
FASnI3 perovskite solar cells were fabricated with PAMS-modified antisolution at concentrations of 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/mL.
3：3, 5, 0, 0, and 0 mg/mL. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Materials included SnI2, PAMS, BCP, PCBM, DMSO, DMF, diethyl ether, chlorobenzene, Ag pellets, FAI, PEDOT:PSS, and ITO coated glass. Instruments included a solar cell testing system, SEM, AFM, XRD, PL spectrometer, TRPL spectrometer, and contact angle measurement device.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The fabrication process involved cleaning ITO glass, spin-coating PEDOT:PSS, spin-coating FASnI3 precursor solution with PAMS-modified antisolution, annealing, spin-coating PCBM, and thermal evaporation of BCP and Ag.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The performance of the solar cells was characterized by J-V curves, IPCE, SEM, AFM, XRD, PL, TRPL, and contact angle measurements.
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Silver pellets
Ag
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as the electrode material in the perovskite solar cells.
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Tin (II) iodide
SnI2
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as a precursor material in the fabrication of FASnI3 perovskite solar cells.
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Poly(α-methylstyrene)
PAMS
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as a polymer additive in the antisolution to modify the surface morphology of the FASnI3 film.
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Bathocuproine
BCP
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as an electron transport layer material in the perovskite solar cells.
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[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester
PCBM
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as an electron transport layer material in the perovskite solar cells.
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Dimethyl sulfoxide
DMSO
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as a solvent in the precursor solution for the FASnI3 layer.
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N,N-dimethyl formamide
DMF
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as a solvent in the precursor solution for the FASnI3 layer.
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Diethyl ether
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as the antisolvent in the fabrication of FASnI3 perovskite solar cells.
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Chlorobenzene
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
Used as a solvent for the PCBM solution.
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Formamidinium iodide
FAI
Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corporation
Used as a precursor material in the fabrication of FASnI3 perovskite solar cells.
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PEDOT:PSS
CLEVIOS P VP AI 4083
Bayer Corporation
Used as the hole-transporting layer in the perovskite solar cells.
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Indium-tin oxide coated glass
ITO
China Southern Glass Holding Co Ltd
Used as the substrate for the perovskite solar cells.
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