研究目的
Investigating the effects of partial shading on photovoltaic strings and proposing a switched-capacitor converter for power recovery and equalization during shading conditions.
研究成果
The proposed switched-capacitor converter effectively balances the power of PV strings during partial shading, enabling higher power generation with convex characteristics curves and avoiding multiple peak formations. It enhances the efficiency of maximum power point tracking algorithms and reduces power and mismatch losses with an efficiency greater than 99%.
研究不足
The converter architecture is inapplicable for PV arrays with parallel-connected modules where partial shading is not a major concern. The study focuses on series-connected PV strings.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves the design and implementation of a switched-capacitor (SC) converter for photovoltaic (PV) strings to mitigate power losses during partial shading. The methodology includes theoretical modeling, simulation in MATLAB/Simulink, and experimental validation.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The study uses PV strings with four modules under various static and dynamic partial shading conditions created using transparent sheets of different colors.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The experimental setup includes four 50 W PV modules, a rheostat, multimeter, ammeter, solar power meter, infrared thermometer, digital storage oscilloscope, optional bypass diodes, and the SC converter circuit consisting of MOSFET switches, gate driver circuit, capacitors, and a microcontroller.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The SC converter is tested under different shading scenarios to evaluate its performance in power recovery and equalization. The control mechanism involves measuring module voltages, comparing them, and activating the converter during shading conditions.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Performance parameters such as power generation, mismatch loss, power loss, recovered power, and efficiency are analyzed to compare the SC converter's efficacy with conventional strings.
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Multimeter
Fluke 376 True RMS Clamp Meter
Fluke
Measure current and voltage of the string
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Microcontroller
PIC16F877
Microchip
Generate gate pulses for the SC converter
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PV modules
Generate electrical power from sunlight
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Rheostat
Vary the load across the PV strings
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Ammeter
0–5-10A
Measure current
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Solar power meter
TES-1333
TES
Measure solar irradiance
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Infrared thermometer
STA380A
Measure operating temperature
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Digital Storage Oscilloscope
DSO
Analyze electrical signals
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MOSFET switches
IRF540
Switching components in the SC converter
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Gate driver circuit
Drive the MOSFET switches
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Capacitors
C-336E100V
Store and redistribute charge in the SC converter
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