研究目的
Investigating the effect of well-defined pinholes in TiO2 electron selective layers on the photovoltaic performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells.
研究成果
The study concludes that narrow pinholes in the TiO2 ESL have a minor impact on the performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells, suggesting that such defects are not detrimental and can even improve performance to some extent. However, ultrathin porous layers with incomplete surface coverage of the FTO layer can deteriorate device performance.
研究不足
The study is limited to narrow pinholes with a diameter of about 10 nm in the ESL. The impact of larger pore sizes or more open pore structures on device performance was not investigated but is planned for future studies.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study used sol-gel-derived mesoporous TiO2 thin films prepared by block co-polymer templating in combination with dip coating as a model system. The methodology included grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD), X-ray reflectometry (XRR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage in metal-insulator-semiconductor structures (MIS-CELIV) measurements.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates (FTO) were used for the deposition of TiO2 films. The samples were characterized using various techniques to analyze the structural properties and device performance.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Equipment included a Bruker AXS D8 Discover instrument for GI-XRD and XRR, Zeiss Leo Gemini 1530 for FE-SEM, and a Keithley Instruments 2636 Series Source Meter for J-V measurements. Materials included Titanium (IV) chloride (TiCl4), ethanol (EtOH), and poly(butadiene(1,4 addition)-b-ethylene oxide diblock co-polymer (P2952_BdEO).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The TiO2 films were dip-coated on FTO substrates, calcinated, and then used to fabricate perovskite solar cells. The devices were characterized under simulated AM 1.5 sunlight.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Data analysis included fitting XRR data using LEPTOS software, analyzing GI-XRD data with TOPAS P software, and evaluating device performance through J-V scans and time-dependent current density measurements.
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