研究目的
To demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (MDIQKD) protocol in an unstable field environment, achieving a higher secure key rate than previous demonstrations.
研究成果
The field test demonstrated the feasibility and robustness of the MDIQKD protocol in an unstable environment, achieving a secure key rate of 16.9 b/s, which is significantly higher than previous results. This lays the foundation for a global quantum network immune to detection-side attacks.
研究不足
The system's timing jitter increases with the time delay value, and the polarization mode dispersion of the deployed fiber may cause polarization overlap fluctuations. The wavelength difference between laser sources needs to be maintained within a narrow range.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The experiment utilized an automatic feedback MDIQKD system operated at a high clock rate to perform a field test over a deployed fiber network of 30 km total length. The system included time, spectrum, and polarization calibration feedback systems to maintain performance.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The field test was conducted in three adjacent sites in Hefei City, China, using the running fiber network of Hefei Cable Television Broadband Network Corp Ltd.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The setup included superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs), wavelength division multiplexers (WDMs), electric polarization controllers (EPCs), polarization beam splitters (PBSs), and other optical components.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The system was operated at a clock rate of 75 MHz, with automatic calibration procedures for time, spectrum, and polarization modes to ensure stable operation over 18.2 hours.
5：2 hours. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: The secure key rate was calculated using the decoy-state method and finite-key analysis to estimate the coincidence event counts and phase error rate for single-photon states.
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Optical spectrum analyzer
AQ6370B
YOKOGAWA
Measurement of the central wavelengths and spectrum of laser sources.
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Superconducting nanowire single photon detector
SNSPD
Detection of single photons in the quantum key distribution system.
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Wavelength division multiplexer
WDM
Multiplexing and demultiplexing of different wavelength signals in the fiber network.
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Electric polarization controller
EPC
Control and stabilization of polarization modes in the optical system.
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Polarization beam splitter
PBS
Splitting the incoming light into two orthogonal polarization states.
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