研究目的
Investigating the critical effect of moisture in the preparation of efficient Formamidinium (FA) based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with improved-quality perovskite films.
研究成果
The study concludes that a controlled level of moisture (50RH%) is preferable for achieving high-quality perovskite films with uniform and larger grains, reduced defects densities, and prolonged lifetime, indicating the potential for fabricating highly-efficient PSCs under ambient conditions for future industrial mass production.
研究不足
The study focuses on the effect of moisture up to 60RH% and does not explore higher humidity levels or the long-term stability of PSCs under extreme conditions.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study systematically investigates the effect of moisture on the preparation of efficient PSCs using diverse characterizations including PL, TRPL, SCLC, and CLSM.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Perovskite films were prepared in the glovebox (control) and exposed to varied humidity levels (30RH% to 60RH%) during annealing.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Materials include SnO2 colloid precursor, isopropyl alcohol, N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, formamidinium iodide, methylammonium bromide, and methylammonium chloride. Equipment includes SEM, AFM, XRD, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and solar simulator.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The fabrication process involves cleaning ITO substrates, depositing electron transport layers, spin-coating perovskite precursor solutions, and annealing under controlled humidity levels.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using PL, TRPL, SCLC, and CLSM to assess film quality, defects density, and light harvesting capability.
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Field-emission SEM
JEOL JSM-7800F
JEOL
Used to analyze the morphology of perovskite films.
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confocal laser scanning microscopy
Leica TCS SP8
Leica
Used to visualize CLSM images of perovskite films.
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SnO2 colloid precursor
Alfa Aesar
Used as an electron transport layer in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells.
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isopropyl alcohol
Alfa Aesar
Used as a solvent in the preparation of perovskite precursor solutions.
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N,N-dimethyl formamide
Alfa Aesar
Used as a solvent in the preparation of perovskite precursor solutions.
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dimethyl sulfoxide
Alfa Aesar
Used as a solvent in the preparation of perovskite precursor solutions.
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Formamidinium iodide
Shanghai Materwin New Materials Co.,Ltd.
Used as a component in the organic salt solution for perovskite solar cells.
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methylammonium bromide
Shanghai Materwin New Materials Co.,Ltd.
Used as a component in the organic salt solution for perovskite solar cells.
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methylammonium chloride
Shanghai Materwin New Materials Co.,Ltd.
Used as a component in the organic salt solution for perovskite solar cells.
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Spiro-OMeTAD
Used as the hole transporting material in perovskite solar cells.
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bis(tri?uoromethane) sulfonamide lithium salt
Used as an additive in the hole transporting material solution.
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4-tertbutylpyridine
Used as an additive in the hole transporting material solution.
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Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared spectrophotometer
Cary 5000
Used to measure the optical characteristics spectra of perovskite films.
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X-ray diffraction
Rigaku ATX-XRD
Used to measure the XRD patterns of perovskite films.
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atomic force microscope
SPA-400
Used to analyze the morphology of perovskite films.
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solar simulator
HAL-320
ASAHI SPECTRA Co. Ltd., Japan
Used to generate AM 1.5G 1 sun light intensity for J-V measurements.
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detector
CS-20
ASAHI SPECTRA Co. Ltd., Japan
Used to calibrate the light intensity for J-V measurements.
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fluorescence spectrometer
Edinburgh FS5
Used to characterize PL and TRPL of perovskite films.
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