研究目的
Investigating the use of solar heating for domestic or institutional hot-water supplies, including system configurations, components, and design considerations.
研究成果
The chapter concludes that solar water heating is a practical application of solar energy in many parts of the world, with natural-circulation systems widely used in climates where freezing does not occur and forced-circulation systems used where freezing is a problem. Auxiliary energy is essential for high reliability, and care must be taken to use it in a way that does not drive up collector temperatures.
研究不足
The technical and application constraints include the need for freeze protection in climates where freezing temperatures occur, the potential for overheating under no-load conditions, and the impact of scaling on system performance. The chapter also notes the importance of maintaining stratification in storage tanks for optimal performance.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The chapter outlines various system configurations for solar water heaters, including natural-circulation and forced-circulation systems, and discusses the use of antifreeze solutions and heat exchangers for freeze protection.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The systems are designed for domestic or institutional hot-water supplies, with considerations for climates where freezing temperatures occur.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Includes collectors with parallel riser tubes, absorber plates made of copper or steel, and storage tanks with insulation.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Describes the operation of natural-circulation and forced-circulation systems, including the use of differential thermostats for pump control in forced-circulation systems.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The performance characteristics of collectors and systems are determined by equations given in the chapter, with considerations for stratification in storage tanks.
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