1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved the design of an implantable patch consisting of poly(caprolactone) electrospun covered with graphene oxide (GO–PCL) for on-demand drug release and wound healing promotion. The methodology included the use of low-vacuum nitrogen plasma activation for surface functionalization and GO covalent deposition.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Human dermal fibroblast cells (HDFa) were used to evaluate cell adhesion and proliferation on the patches. Drug loading and release studies were conducted using ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and vancomycin as model drugs.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a low pressure plasma reactor, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, and Franz cells for drug release studies. Materials included poly(caprolactone), graphene oxide nanosheets, and various drugs.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The PCL patches were treated with low-vacuum nitrogen plasma to activate the surface with amine functions, followed by GO covalent functionalization. Drug loading was achieved by immersion in drug solutions, and drug release was triggered by NIR-light stimuli.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The amount of drug released was quantified spectrophotometrically using calibration curves. Cell viability was assessed using MTS assay, and statistical analysis was performed using Siegel–Tukey test.