研究目的
To improve the efficiency and reproducibility of lead-free tin halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by introducing liquid formic acid (LFA) as a reducing solvent in the FASnI3 perovskite precursor solution to suppress the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+.
研究成果
The introduction of LFA as a reducing solvent in the FASnI3 perovskite precursor solution effectively suppressed Sn2+ oxidation, resulting in perovskite films with high crystallinity, low Sn4+ content, reduced background doping, and low trap density. This led to the fabrication of lead-free tin halide PSCs with an efficiency of over 10% and improved reproducibility. The strategy of using volatile reducing solvents like LFA can be extended to other tin-based or tin-lead mixed perovskites for enhanced solar cell performance.
研究不足
The study focuses on the use of LFA as a reducing solvent for FASnI3 perovskite films. The limitations include the potential variability in SnI2 source materials and the need for further optimization of the LFA solvent concentration for maximum efficiency and reproducibility.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study introduced liquid formic acid (LFA) as a reducing solvent in the FASnI3 perovskite precursor solution to suppress Sn2+ oxidation. The methodology involved comparing the effects of LFA with solid reducing additives on the perovskite film properties and device performance.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
FASnI3 perovskite films were fabricated with different amounts of LFA solvent. The samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The study used SEM for morphology analysis, XRD for crystallinity assessment, and XPS for oxidation state analysis of Sn. The photovoltaic performance was evaluated using solar cell devices with the structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Perovskite/C60/BCP/Ag.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The FASnI3 perovskite films were fabricated by spin-coating the precursor solution with varying amounts of LFA, followed by thermal annealing. The films were then characterized, and solar cell devices were fabricated and tested.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The data were analyzed to assess the crystallinity, Sn4+ content, background doping, and trap density of the perovskite films, as well as the photovoltaic performance of the devices.
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