研究目的
To develop an optoelectronic pulse drive system for synthesizing quantum-accurate voltage waveforms for voltage waveform metrology applications.
研究成果
The optoelectronic pulse drive system has been successfully developed to synthesize quantum-accurate voltage waveforms up to 300 kHz. The system's design allows for future use in a quantum voltage digitizer system. Further development is planned to synthesize bipolar, larger voltage waveforms and to combine the system with analog delta–sigma electronics for quantum-accurate digitization of input waveforms.
研究不足
The system requires optical pulse height stability better than 0.15 mW for operation. The presence of the second MZM and features introduced in the pulse train reduce the operating margins. The phase difference between the input to MZM2 and clock B drifts over time and requires adjustment.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The system uses commercially available telecoms optoelectronic components and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to generate optical pulse codes. A method of adding and subtracting complementary pulses was developed to allow the use of ac-coupled optoelectronic components.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The system drives a Josephson junction array (JJA) to synthesize voltage waveforms. The voltage was measured using a digitizer with an input impedance of 1 MΩ and sampling rates between 100 kSs?1 to 15 MSs?
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Includes an FPGA evaluation board, optical transceivers, Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZM), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), InGaAs photodiode (PD), and a JJA with 1000 junctions.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The digital code is loaded into an FPGA or a pulse pattern generator (PPG), converted into optical pulses, amplified, and then used to drive the JJA. The output voltage across the JJA is measured.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The output voltage waveforms are analyzed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) to measure the height of the fundamental and harmonics, and the background level.
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