研究目的
To investigate and analyze the global patterns of various lightning properties derived from OTD and LIS satellite instruments, focusing on the frequency of lightning flashes and additional properties like events and groups per flash, mean flash duration, footprint, and radiance.
研究成果
The study concludes that OTD and LIS provide ample data for investigating mean flash characteristics, revealing clear and consistent spatial patterns in flash properties. Oceanic flashes show higher per-flash values than continental flashes, with significant regional variations over land. These findings have implications for improving the parameterization of lightning NOx production within global chemistry/climate models and highlight the need for further investigations into the drivers of regional differences in flash characteristics.
研究不足
The study acknowledges the difficulty in direct quantitative interpretation of the investigated flash properties due to complex interactions of different effects. Validation of OTD / LIS measurements with ground-based lightning location networks in different parts of the world is noted as a challenge, particularly over remote regions like central Africa and oceans.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study utilizes data from the Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) satellites to analyze lightning properties globally. The methodology involves statistical analysis of flash properties derived from these instruments.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The data sets include multi-annual time series of global lightning observations from OTD (1995–2000) and LIS (1998–2012), focusing on flash counts and properties like events, groups, radiance, duration, and footprint.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The primary instruments are OTD and LIS, which provide empirical data on lightning flashes. The study also references the use of hierarchical data format (hdf) files provided by NASA for data analysis.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The analysis involves averaging quantities over the complete time series on a global 1° ×1° grid, setting them in relation to the absolute number of flashes, and applying quality criteria to remove measurements affected by the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA).
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The study employs statistical analysis to investigate spatial and temporal variations in flash properties, including mean values and zonal means, separately for land and ocean.
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