研究目的
To synthesize flexible lead-free BCTZY nanofibers by electrospinning and fabricate their corresponding nanogenerators with vertical alignments, investigating their low-temperature sintering properties, electrical properties, and potential applications in tiny energy harvesting.
研究成果
Vertically aligned BCTZY NF-based NGs demonstrated enhanced electrical properties, including an average VOC of 3.0 V and ISC of 85 nA, indicating their potential for tiny energy harvesting applications. The study also optimized the low-temperature sintering process of BCTZY NFs, reducing thermal energy consumption.
研究不足
The study focuses on the synthesis and properties of BCTZY NFs and their NGs, but the practical application in energy harvesting devices may require further optimization for higher efficiency and durability.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study combined the sol-gel method and the electrospinning technique to synthesize BCTZY NFs. The low-temperature sintering properties were investigated to optimize the synthesis path.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Analytically pure raw materials were used without further purification. The morphology, flexibility, and crystallinity of sintered NFs were examined by SEM and FETEM measurements.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included TG/DSC (SDTQ600, TA), XRD (X’pert Pro MPD, PANalytical), FTIR (TENSOR Ⅱ, BRUKER), SEM (JSM 6700M, JEOF), FETEM (JEM-2100F, JEOL), Raman spectroscopy (LabRam HR Evolution, HORIBA), an impedance analyzer (HP4294A, Agilent), a ferroelectric tester (WS-2000, Radiant), a quasi-static piezoelectric coefficient d33 testing meter (ZJ–3A), and an electrochemical workstation (CHI760E).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The as-spun NFs were calcined at 450 °C for 1 h and sintered at 700 °C for 2 h. The NGs were fabricated by penetrating the sintered NFs with PDMS mixtures, curing, attaching ITO-PET films as electrodes, and testing the electrical output.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties were analyzed using the mentioned equipment. The electrical output of NGs was estimated by finger tapping.
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Ferroelectric tester
WS-2000
Radiant
Examining the ferroelectric properties of the BCTZY NFs/PDMS.
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XRD
X’pert Pro MPD
PANalytical
Confirming the crystalline phase of the BCTZY NFs.
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FTIR
TENSOR Ⅱ
BRUKER
Confirming the molecular structure of the BCTZY NFs.
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FETEM
JEM-2100F
JEOL
Determining the micro-structures of the BCTZY NFs.
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Raman spectroscopy
LabRam HR Evolution
HORIBA
Studying the molecular structure and phase changes of the BCTZY NFs at different temperatures.
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Impedance analyzer
HP4294A
Agilent
Examining the dielectric properties of the BCTZY NFs/PDMS.
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TG/DSC
SDTQ600
TA
Analyzing the crystallization process of the BCTZY NFs and designing their heat-treatment procedure.
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SEM
JSM 6700M
JEOF
Determining the physical morphologies of the BCTZY NFs.
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Quasi-static piezoelectric coefficient d33 testing meter
ZJ–3A
Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Measuring the d33 of the polarized BCTZY NFs/PDMS.
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Electrochemical workstation
CHI760E
America
Estimating the electrical output of the BCTZY NF–based NGs.
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FlexiFore Multi-Handle (MELF) System
Teksan
Monitoring the force during the output test.
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