研究目的
To develop a facile salt melt method for fabricating Cu-modified polymeric carbon nitride as an effective photocathode material for solar water splitting, addressing the challenge of intrinsically sluggish kinetics of charge separation in photoelectrochemical cells.
研究成果
The Cu-modified polymeric carbon nitride exhibits enhanced photocurrent density due to the formation of type-II heterojunctions, coordination effect, and improved crystallinity. This synthesis method offers a promising approach for developing efficient visible-light active photocathodes.
研究不足
The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Cu-modified polymeric carbon nitride for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Limitations may include the scalability of the synthesis method and the stability of the photocathode under long-term operation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study employed a one-pot ionothermal annealing method to synthesize Cu-modified polymeric carbon nitride (Cu-CN-W) by mixing bulk CN with CuCl2, KCl, and LiCl, followed by heating under N2 flow. The product was washed to remove excess salts.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Bulk CN was synthesized from dicyandiamide. The Cu-CN-W sample was further treated with ammonia or hydrochloric acid to produce Cu-CN-A and Cu-CN-H, respectively, for comparative studies.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-2550, Shimadzu).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The synthesis involved heating the mixture to 550°C under N2 flow, followed by washing with boiling water, ammonia, or hydrochloric acid. Characterization included XPS, ICP-OES, FT-IR, XRD, STEM, and UV-vis DRS.
5：Data Analysis Methods
XPS and ICP-OES for elemental composition, FT-IR for chemical structure, XRD for crystal structure, STEM for morphology, and UV-vis DRS for optical properties.
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X-ray photoelectron spectrometer
ESCALAB 250Xi
ThermoFisher Scientific
Characterization of element compositions and chemical bonding
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Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer
725-ES
Agilent
Measurement of metal ion contents
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Field emission transmission electron microscope
Tecnai TF20
FEI
STEM measurements
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UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer
UV-2550
Shimadzu
Confirmation of optical properties
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Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer
Nexus 870
Recording FT-IR spectra
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Powder X-ray diffractometer
X’Pert-MRD
Philips
Conducting XRD patterns
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Nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyzer
ASAP 2020
Micromeritics
Measurement of porosity and specific surface area
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Electrochemical workstation
CHI660D
Electrochemical measurements
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Xe lamp
HSX-F/UV 300
Beijing NBeT Technology Co., Ltd
Light source for photoelectrochemical measurements
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