研究目的
To review the recent progress in nanotechnology-based phototherapy, including nano-photothermal therapy, nano-photochemical therapy, and nano-photoimmunological therapy in cancer treatment, focusing on the immunological responses induced by nano-phototherapies.
研究成果
Nanotechnology-based photoimmunological therapy (NPIT) shows strong promise for treating metastatic cancers by combining the localized treatment benefits of phototherapy with the systemic immune response triggered by immunotherapy. However, further clinical control experiments are needed to confirm its clinical value.
研究不足
The potential toxicity of certain nanomaterials, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), and the preliminary understanding of the toxicology of other nanoparticles like copper sulfide and black phosphorus nanoparticles, are significant barriers to their clinical application. Additionally, the effectiveness of phototherapy is limited by the oxygen content in tumor tissue, light energy, and the efficiency of the photosensitizer.
