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Lectins at Interfaces—An Atomic Force Microscopy and Multi-Parameter-Surface Plasmon Resonance Study

DOI:10.3390/ma11122348 期刊:Materials 出版年份:2018 更新时间:2025-09-10 09:29:36
摘要: Lectins are a diverse class of carbohydrate binding proteins with pivotal roles in cell communication and signaling in many (patho)physiologic processes in the human body, making them promising targets in drug development, for instance, in cancer or infectious diseases. Other applications of lectins employ their ability to recognize specific glycan epitopes in biosensors and glycan microarrays. While a lot of research has focused on lectin interaction with specific carbohydrates, the interaction potential of lectins with different types of surfaces has not been addressed extensively. Here, we screen the interaction of two specific plant lectins, Concanavalin A and Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin-I with different nanoscopic thin films. As a control, the same experiments were performed with Bovine Serum Albumin, a widely used marker for non-specific protein adsorption. In order to test the preferred type of interaction during adsorption, hydrophobic, hydrophilic and charged polymer films were explored, such as polystyrene, cellulose, N,-N,-N-trimethylchitosan chloride and gold, and characterized in terms of wettability, surface free energy, zeta potential and morphology. Atomic force microscopy images of surfaces after protein adsorption correlated very well with the observed mass of adsorbed protein. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies revealed low adsorbed amounts and slow kinetics for all of the investigated proteins for hydrophilic surfaces, making those resistant to non-specific interactions. As a consequence, they may serve as favorable supports for biosensors, since the use of blocking agents is not necessary.
作者: Katrin Niegelhell,Thomas Ganner,Harald Plank,Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn,Stefan Spirk
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Investigating the interaction potential of lectins with different types of surfaces to understand their adsorption behavior and implications for biosensor development.

The adsorption behavior of the examined lectins is primarily based on hydrophobic effects, with hydrophilic substrates like cellulose and TMC showing resistance to non-specific protein adsorption. These substrates are advantageous for biosensor development due to their renewable nature and the avoidance of blocking agents. Future research will focus on interactions of human milk oligosaccharide with specific lectins immobilized on polysaccharide surfaces.

The study focused on two specific plant lectins and BSA as a control, limiting the generalizability to other lectins or proteins. The substrates were limited to hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and charged polymer films. The study did not explore the interaction of lectins with human milk oligosaccharides, which is mentioned as a future research direction.

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