研究目的
To study the interaction of phenothiazine dyes (Azure A and thionine) with gold nanostars and investigate their cytotoxic activity on breast cancer (MCF-7) and A-549 cell lines.
研究成果
The study demonstrated that Azure A and thionine dyes form a ground state complex with gold nanostars through electrostatic interactions. The dyes-Au NSs complexes showed higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and A-549 cancer cells compared to the dyes alone, suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents. The findings provide a foundation for further research on nano-formulated anticancer activity.
研究不足
The study focuses on the in vitro cytotoxicity of the dyes-Au NSs system, and further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic potential. The mechanism of cytotoxicity and the specific pathways involved in cell death were not fully elucidated.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed absorption spectroscopy, steady state emission spectroscopy, HR-TEM, DLS, Zeta potential measurements, and FT-IR spectroscopy to investigate the interaction between PHZ dyes and Au NSs.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Azure A and thionine dyes were used as molecular probes to examine the photophysical properties of the dye molecules close to the anisotropic nanospikes.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
UV–visible spectrophotometer (JASCO V-630), spectrofluorometer (JASCO FP-6600), FT-IR spectrophotometer (JASCO FT-IR-V400), HR-TEM microscope (JEOL, Japan), Malvern Nano-ZS 90 Zetasizer for DLS and zeta potential measurements.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The synthesis of Au NSs was carried out using a seedless protocol. The interaction of dyes with Au NSs was studied by adding varying concentrations of Au NSs to dye solutions and recording the absorption and emission spectra.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The quenching mechanism was analyzed using Stern-Volmer equation, and the binding constant was calculated using Benesi–Hildebrand equation.
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