研究目的
To prepare and characterize different samples of GO and rGO, obtained by modifying the variables of the obtaining process (mainly in the graphite oxidation step) and/or from different graphite sources, and to correlate these variables with the final characteristics of the obtained material.
研究成果
Different samples of rGO with varying characteristics can be obtained by modifying the experimental conditions. Changes in the graphite oxidation step produced samples with different amounts of defects and oxygenated groups. Higher temperatures and longer reaction times resulted in more oxidized materials, which affected the dispersibility of graphene oxide in solvents like water and ethylene glycol. The drying temperature of GO directly affected its redispersibility in water, with higher temperatures leading to a reduction of GO to rGO. The two different reduction routes produced materials with different thermal stabilities and proportions of remaining oxygenated groups: reduction with EG restored more of the graphitic structure, while NaBH4 was able to eliminate a greater amount of oxygenated groups.
研究不足
The study acknowledges the complexity of the process due to the high number of variables involved, which makes it difficult to compare samples produced by different procedures and affects the reproducibility of results. The reduction processes used were not completely efficient in eliminating oxygen groups from the graphene structure.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the oxidation and exfoliation of bulk graphite to produce graphene oxide (GO), followed by chemical reduction to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Different reaction parameters such as temperature, reaction time, reducing agent, and graphite source were varied to study their effects on the final product.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Two different graphite samples (Graflake 9550 and Graflake 99580) were used as primary materials. Various chemicals including sulfuric acid, sodium nitrate, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, ethylene glycol, sodium borohydride, and sodium hydroxide were used as received.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a sonicator (Unique USC 1880, 37 kHz – 154 W), a probe sonicator (Cole Parmer CP505 - 20 kHz – 500 W), a centrifuge, a Shimadzu UV-2450 spectrophotometer, a Shimadzu XRD-6000 diffractometer, a Q600 SDT thermogravimetric analyzer, a Renishaw Raman spectrometer, a Bomem FTIR spectrometer, a Tescan scanning electron microscope, and a Shimadzu SPM 9700 atomic force microscope.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The graphite was oxidized under different conditions, exfoliated using ultrasonic bath or probe, and then reduced using sodium borohydride or ethylene glycol. The products were characterized using various techniques to assess their properties.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data from UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were analyzed to determine the effects of varying reaction parameters on the properties of GO and rGO.
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