研究目的
Investigating the photocatalytic degradation of neonicotinoid insecticides (acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam) using Ni and Ru impregnated TiO2 photocatalysts under UV, visible, and solar irradiations.
研究成果
Ni and Ru impregnated TiO2 photocatalysts showed enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of neonicotinoid insecticides under UV, visible, and solar irradiations compared to pure TiO2. The degradation pathway involved dearomatization through multiple hydroxylation and oxidation, leading to mineralization. The study provides insights into the potential application of these photocatalysts for the detoxification of water contaminated with neonicotinoid insecticides.
研究不足
The study is limited to the photocatalytic degradation of specific neonicotinoid insecticides under controlled conditions. The scalability and practical application in real-world water treatment systems require further investigation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
Sol–gel process for TiO2 synthesis and wet impregnation method for Ni and Ru impregnated TiO2 catalysts. Characterization by XRD, UV-DRS, BET, and TEM techniques.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Neonicotinoid insecticides (acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam) were used as model pollutants.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Titanium (IV) iso propoxide, isopropanol, acetic acid, nickel nitrate hexahydrate, ruthenium acetyl acetonate, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
Photocatalytic degradation studies under UV, visible, and solar irradiations. Optimization of reaction parameters (initial concentration, catalyst weight, pH).
5：Data Analysis Methods
UV-Visible spectrophotometry for concentration measurements, HPLC and TOC analyses for degradation pathway and mineralization studies.
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UV-diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer
Jasco V-650
Jasco
Bandgap determination
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Transmission electron microscope
JOEL JEM 2000 EX2
JOEL
Morphology and nanostructure analysis
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UV-Visible spectrophotometer
HITACHI AU-2701
HITACHI
Concentration measurement of insecticides
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TOC analyzer
SHIMADZU TOC-500
SHIMADZU
Mineralization studies
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Titanium (IV) iso propoxide
Spectrochem Pvt. Ltd.
Precursor for TiO2 synthesis
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Nickel nitrate hexa hydrate
Aldrich
Precursor for Ni impregnation
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Ruthenium acetyl acetonate
Aldrich
Precursor for Ru impregnation
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Acetamiprid
E. Merck
Model pollutant
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Imidacloprid
E. Merck
Model pollutant
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Thiamethoxam
E. Merck
Model pollutant
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X-ray diffractometer
Rigaku
Characterization of crystallinity and phase formation
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BET surface area analyzer
Micromeritics Pulse Desorb–2300
Micromeritics
Surface area measurement
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system
ECALAB MKIV
ECALAB
Surface chemical composition analysis
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Multi lamp photo reactor
Heber HMLCOMPACT-SW-LW-44
Heber
Photocatalytic degradation under UV irradiation
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Visible lamp
500 W, 420 nm
Philips
Photocatalytic degradation under visible irradiation
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HPLC system
Thermofinnigan surveyor
Thermofinnigan
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of degraded insecticides
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