研究目的
To synthesize and characterize a reduced graphene oxide-V2O5 nanocomposite from e-waste for photocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline in water, and to enhance its efficiency through platinum doping.
研究成果
The RGOV-20 nanocomposite degraded 90% of OTC, and platinum doping increased this to 98.7% under optimized conditions (50 mg/L OTC, 0.5 g/L catalyst, 40 min). The nanocomposite showed high stability and reusability for up to four cycles, demonstrating its potential for effective removal of antibiotics from water using materials derived from e-waste.
研究不足
The study did not investigate the influence of salts and metals on photocatalytic activity. Reusability was tested for only four cycles, with an 11% reduction in efficiency, indicating potential for further optimization. The catalyst dosage optimization showed that higher amounts lead to agglomeration and reduced efficiency due to increased turbidity.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed the Sol-Gel method for V2O5 synthesis and a solvothermal method for RGOV nanocomposite preparation. Photocatalytic degradation experiments were conducted using a batch photoreactor with a xenon lamp as the light source.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Vanadium nitrate was sourced from e-waste recyclers; other chemicals were procured from Sigma-Aldrich. OTC solutions were prepared at various concentrations for degradation studies.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Shimadzu DR-8101A Spectrophotometer for FTIR, Philips X'Pert Pro MPD diffractometer for XRD, Hitachi JEOL-2010 HRTEM for TEM and EDAX, Jasco V650 spectrophotometer for UV-Vis DRS, TOC-V CSH Analyzer for TOC measurement, and a 150 W xenon lamp for irradiation. Materials included vanadium nitrate, citric acid, graphite powder, H2SO4, KMnO4, H2O2, methanol, platinum chloride, and oxytetracycline.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
V2O5 was synthesized by stirring vanadium nitrate with citric acid, drying, and washing. GO was synthesized using a modified Hummers method. RGOV was prepared by sonicating GO in methanol, adding V2O5, and heating in an autoclave. Platinum doping involved mixing with platinum chloride and reducing with hydrogen gas. Characterization was done using FTIR, XRD, TEM, EDAX, and DRS. Photocatalytic studies involved dispersing catalyst in OTC solution, equilibrating in dark, irradiating, sampling, and analyzing TOC.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
OTC degradation percentage was calculated using the formula (C0 - Ct)/C0 * 100, and kinetics were analyzed using pseudo-first order kinetics based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.
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Spectrophotometer
DR-8101A
Shimadzu
Used for Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm chemical bonds in the nanocomposites.
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Transmission Electron Microscope
JEOL-2010 HRTEM
Hitachi
Used for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) to study morphology and composition of the samples.
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Spectrophotometer
V650
Jasco
Used for diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry to measure band gaps of the photocatalysts.
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Total Organic Carbon Analyzer
TOC-V CSH
Shimadzu
Used to quantify oxytetracycline degradation by measuring changes in organic carbon concentration.
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Diffractometer
X'Pert Pro MPD
Philips
Used for X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) to analyze the crystalline structure of the photocatalysts.
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Xenon Lamp
150 W
Used as the irradiation source in the photocatalytic degradation experiments.
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Autoclave
Used in the solvothermal synthesis of the RGOV nanocomposite, providing high temperature and pressure conditions.
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