研究目的
To investigate the green synthesis of Cu2O nanospheres decorated g-C3N4 nanocomposites using Citrus limon leaves extract and evaluate their antimicrobial performance against pathogenic bacteria.
研究成果
The green synthesis of Cu2O/C3N4 nanocomposites using Citrus limon leaf extract is successful, producing nanoparticles with an average size of 2-10 nm. The nanocomposites exhibit significant antimicrobial activity under visible light, with CuCN10 showing the highest efficacy. This eco-friendly and economical method has potential applications in biomedical, sensor, electronic, packaging, commercial, and pharmaceutical fields. Future studies could focus on enhancing stability and exploring broader antimicrobial spectra.
研究不足
The study may have limitations in scalability for industrial applications, potential variability in plant extract composition, and the need for further optimization of synthesis parameters. The antimicrobial activity is tested only in vitro, and real-world environmental or clinical applications were not explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employs a green synthesis approach using hydrothermal method for fabricating Cu2O/C3N4 nanocomposites, with Citrus limon leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The rationale is to develop an eco-friendly, non-toxic method for nanoparticle synthesis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
g-C3N4 nanosheets are prepared from melamine powder via thermal condensation. Citrus limon leaves are used for extract preparation. Bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 52922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633BB, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29231) are procured from HiMedia, India for antimicrobial assays.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes muffle furnace for thermal condensation, hydrothermal reactor, centrifuge, drying oven, FTIR spectrometer (Bruker RFS), XRD (Bruker Kappa APE XII), FESEM (HITACHI SU-6600), TEM (FEI TECHNAI G2 30S-twin D905), XPS (Omicron Nanotechnology ESCA-14), shaking incubator, and Vernier caliper. Materials include melamine powder, Cu(NO3)2, deionized water, Whatman filter paper, Luria-Bertani broth, Mueller-Hinton Agar, and a 36W fluorescent lamp.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
g-C3N4 synthesis involves heating melamine at 550°C for 2 hours. Plant extract is prepared by grinding leaves in water and filtering. Nanocomposites are fabricated by dispersing g-C3N4 and Cu(NO3)2 in extract, hydrothermal treatment at 180°C for 3 hours, followed by centrifugation, washing, and drying. Characterization is done using FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, XPS, and BET surface area analysis. Antimicrobial assay involves diluting bacterial suspensions, incubating, and measuring zones of inhibition on agar plates with catalyst suspensions under visible light.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data is analyzed by measuring zone diameters with Vernier caliper, calculating mean and standard deviation from triplicates, and interpreting spectroscopic and microscopic data to confirm nanocomposite properties.
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