1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The MPPT system is designed with four blocks: solar panel, power converter (buck-boost type), microcontroller (Atmega16), and MPPT algorithm (filter variable step size modified incremental conductance). The algorithm is used to track the maximum power point on the P-V curve of the solar panel, reducing oscillations during tracking.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

A monocrystalline solar panel with specifications (e.g., max power 10W at 1000 W/m2, 25°C) is used. Irradiation is simulated using halogen lamps at 1000 W/m2 and 750 W/m2, with temperature monitored using a sensor.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Solar panel, buck-boost converter components (MOSFET IRFP260N, diode MUR1560, inductor 20 mH, capacitor 100μF/160V), microcontroller Atmega16, MOSFET driver TLP250, current sensor ACS712, voltage sensor (voltage divider with resistors R7=50kΩ, R8=10kΩ and IC LM358), halogen lamps for irradiation, and various load resistors (e.g., 25Ω, 50Ω).

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The system captures voltage and current from the solar panel, processes them through the microcontroller to compute power and apply the MPPT algorithm, generates PWM signals to control the buck-boost converter, and measures output power under different irradiation and load conditions. Experiments are conducted with and without MPPT for comparison.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Power and voltage data are plotted to analyze P-V curves. The error in maximum power condition is calculated as a percentage. Results are compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the MPPT system in increasing power output and reducing oscillations.