研究目的
To revisit and evaluate the performance of droop-based and centralized active power curtailment methods for preventing overvoltage in distribution grids with high photovoltaic penetration.
研究成果
The centralized OPF-based approach provides optimal active power curtailment with 40% less energy curtailed compared to uniform droop and ensures no overvoltages, with further reduction possible using reactive power control. Droop-based methods are simpler but can be conservative or ineffective in fully mitigating overvoltages.
研究不足
The OPF model is non-convex, potentially leading to local optimal solutions. The nodal droop method may not completely eliminate overvoltages due to approximations in sensitivity calculations and assumptions of maximum PV injection. The study assumes identical PV output profiles for all houses, which may not hold in all real-world scenarios.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses a typical North American 240 V low voltage feeder with 24 residential homes. It compares uniform droop, nodal droop based on power flow sensitivities, and a centralized optimal power flow (OPF) approach for active power curtailment.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The feeder is modified from a reference, with 24 houses having different daily load profiles and identical PV output profiles. Data includes 1-minute resolution load and PV output profiles for a typical summer day.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
A 175 kVA,
4:4/24 kV transformer, PV inverters rated at 4 kW, and distribution lines with specified impedances. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Power flow simulations are run to calculate droop parameters and perform curtailment. The OPF model is solved using GAMS with the KNITRO solver.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Energy curtailment and voltage profiles are analyzed to compare the effectiveness of different methods.
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