1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study uses the high-temperature melting method to prepare glass and glass ceramic samples, with spectral analysis based on Judd-Ofelt theory to calculate parameters such as oscillator strengths and transition probabilities.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples are prepared with a specific composition (52SiO2-8Na2CO3-16Al2O3-33NaF-3LuF3-0.15Yb2O3-0.03Er2O3 in mol%), using analytical and spectral grade raw materials. Data is collected from absorption and emission spectra.

3：15Yb2O3-03Er2O3 in mol%), using analytical and spectral grade raw materials. Data is collected from absorption and emission spectra. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment includes a Hitachi DMAX-3A X-ray diffractometer, Shimadzu UV-3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Zolix Omi-λ150 monochromator, PMTH-S1-CR131 photomultiplier tube, silicon carbon rod muffle furnace, corundum crucible, mortar, and Abbe refractometer. Materials include SiO2, Na2CO3, Al2O3, NaF, LuF3, Yb2O3, Er2O

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Raw materials are weighed, ground, placed in a corundum crucible, heated at 1450°C for 1 hour, poured into a mold, thermostated at 450°C for 3 hours, and cooled naturally to form glass samples. Some samples are further calcined at 640°C for 2 hours to form glass ceramics. XRD, absorption spectra, and up-conversion emission spectra are measured at room temperature.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data is analyzed using Judd-Ofelt theory to calculate spectral parameters, with fitting and calculations performed for oscillator strengths, transition probabilities, and photon absorption numbers.