研究目的
To investigate the visible light photocatalytic activity of BiFeO3-ZnO composites for CO2 reduction in the gas phase.
研究成果
The BiFeO3-ZnO p-n heterojunction composites, especially with 1:1 molar ratio, significantly enhance visible light photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction, achieving up to 21% conversion. This is attributed to improved charge separation and visible light absorption. The composites show promise for sustainable CO2 conversion, with potential applications in environmental remediation, though further optimization of stability and efficiency is needed.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific molar ratios and conditions (320 K, 40 psia, visible light irradiation). The reusability test showed decreased efficiency after regeneration, indicating potential degradation or incomplete reactivation. The mechanism relies on p-n heterojunction, which may not be optimized for all ratios, and the exact products were not quantified beyond FTIR identification.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved synthesizing BiFeO3, ZnO, and their composites via hydrothermal method to create p-n heterojunctions for enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. Theoretical models include band gap energy calculations and p-n junction principles.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Catalysts were prepared with different molar ratios (1:2, 1:1, 2:1 BiFeO3:ZnO) denoted as BZ12, BZ11, BZ21. Gaseous feed was 45% CO2, 45% CH4, 10% He.
3：Gaseous feed was 45% CO2, 45% CH4, 10% He. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Chemicals included bismuth nitrate, iron nitrate, potassium hydroxide, nitric acid, zinc acetate, sodium hydroxide from Merck and Sigma-Aldrich. Equipment: FESEM (Mira 3-XMU), EDS, FTIR (ALPHA Bruker), UV–vis spectrophotometer (Cary 100 Scan, IASCO), XRD (EQuniox 3000, Intel), PL spectrometer (Avaspec 2048 TEC, Avantes), gas chromatograph (GC-CGCA-1 with TCD), stainless steel autoclave, high-pressure mercury lamp with glass bulb for visible light.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis involved hydrothermal reactions at specific temperatures and times, washing, drying, and calcination. Photocatalysis was conducted in a batch reactor at 320 K and 40 psia for 5 h with sampling at intervals. FTIR and GC analyses were used to identify products and measure conversion.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
CO2 conversion calculated using Eq. (8). Optical band gaps determined from UV–vis spectra. PL spectra analyzed for charge separation efficiency. XRD and EDS for structural and compositional analysis.
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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer
ALPHA
Bruker
Recording FTIR spectra to identify gaseous products.
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Photoluminescence Spectrometer
Avaspec 2048 TEC
Avantes
Performing PL analysis to study optical properties and charge separation.
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Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope
Mira 3-XMU
Capturing FESEM images for morphological characterization of catalysts.
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Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer
Performing EDS analysis for elemental composition confirmation.
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UV–vis Spectrophotometer
Cary 100 Scan
IASCO
Recording absorption spectra for optical property analysis.
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X-ray Diffractometer
EQuniox 3000
Intel
Characterizing crystallization of photocatalysts using XRD.
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Gas Chromatograph
GC-CGCA-1
Measuring CO2 conversion using thermal conductivity detector.
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High-pressure Mercury Lamp
125 W
Providing visible light irradiation for photocatalysis experiments.
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Stainless Steel Autoclave
Used for hydrothermal synthesis of catalysts.
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