研究目的
To develop a low-cost infrared-based wireless communication device for remote monitoring of body temperature and movement in community health centers to address the lack of expensive equipment and minimal staff.
研究成果
The developed infrared-based wireless communication device successfully transmits body temperature and movement data from a patient to a remote computer, demonstrating its feasibility for use in community health centers with limited resources. It offers a low-cost, stable solution but requires improvements in data speed and range for broader applications. Future work could include enhancing the baud rate, adding components for faster reception, and extending functionality to measure additional health parameters like blood pressure.
研究不足
The system has a limited communication range of up to 5.6 meters and experiences delays in data transmission, particularly with multiple characters sent in packets. The baud rate of 1200bps may be insufficient for high-speed data transfer, and components might need upgrades for better performance. Environmental factors like obstacles could affect IR communication.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The experiment was designed to create a point-to-point infrared communication system using Arduino microcontrollers for data transmission and reception. It involved integrating sensors (temperature and motion) with a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit connected to a computer for data display.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The experiment used one of the authors (Mr. C.E. Ngene) to emulate a patient, with data collected on body temperature and movement in a laboratory setting at the University of Johannesburg.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included Arduino Lilypad microcontroller, Arduino Mega 2560, LM35 temperature sensor, PIR-HC-5R501 motion sensor, 14m6286 IR LED, IR 3mm LED phototransistor, BC547 NPN transistor, resistors (220 and 230 ohms), 3.7V battery, battery holder, USB cable, and a computer.
4：7V battery, battery holder, USB cable, and a computer. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The transmitter circuit was built with sensors and microcontroller, powered by a battery, and strapped to the patient's arm. Data was sent via IR LED to the receiver circuit, which demodulated the signal and displayed it on a computer serial monitor. Testing involved sending character packets (e.g., 'HelloWorld') and measuring transmission times and speeds at various distances.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data analysis included calculating transmission times, speeds, and plotting graphs to evaluate performance. Body temperature and movement data were recorded in a table and graphed for interpretation.
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Arduino Lilypad
generic
Arduino
Used as the transmitter microcontroller to sense and record body temperature, and transmit data through IR communication.
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Arduino Mega
2560
Arduino
Used in the receiver circuit to receive and demodulate IR signals for data display on a computer.
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LM35
DZ
Texas Instruments
Temperature sensor that senses body temperature by converting heat to voltage.
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PIR Sensor
HC-5R501
Motion sensor used to detect body movement based on heat flow.
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IR LED
14m6286
Infrared LED used for sending and modulating data in the transmitter circuit.
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IR Phototransistor
3mm LED
Infrared receiver used in the receiver circuit to detect and demodulate IR signals.
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BC547 Transistor
NPN
Used in the circuit for switching or amplification purposes.
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Resistor
220 ohms
Used to resist current flow in the circuit.
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Resistor
230 ohms
Used to resist current flow in the circuit.
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Battery
3.7V
Powers the transmitter circuit.
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Battery Holder
Holds and protects the battery when connected to the circuit.
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USB Cable
Used to send data to the Arduino Lilypad via a computer.
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