研究目的
To develop a high-performance liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor based on a ZnO/PPy/PbS QDs nanocomposite film for room temperature detection, addressing the need for quick response, good selectivity, and outstanding sensitivity in LPG sensing applications.
研究成果
The ZnO/PPy/PbS QDs nanocomposite film sensor exhibits high response, good selectivity, and excellent repeatability for LPG detection at room temperature, attributed to the p-n heterojunction and increased active sites. It outperforms previous sensors in terms of operating temperature and measuring range, making it a promising candidate for practical LPG sensing applications. Future work should focus on enhancing stability and exploring other gas sensing capabilities.
研究不足
The sensor's performance may be affected by environmental factors such as humidity and temperature variations not fully controlled in room temperature conditions. The fabrication process involves multiple steps that could be optimized for scalability and cost-effectiveness. Long-term stability beyond 7 days was not extensively tested, and reproducibility across larger sample sizes needs further validation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The nanocomposite film was fabricated using layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly for ZnO and PPy deposition, and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method for PbS QDs deposition. This combination allows for precise control over the film structure and enhances gas sensing properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The samples included ZnO nanorods synthesized via hydrothermal method, PPy nanospheres via chemical oxidative polymerization, and PbS QDs deposited on the film. Gas sensing tests were performed using LPG gas at various concentrations.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included an autoclave for hydrothermal synthesis, beakers for polymerization, interdigital electrodes on FR4 substrate, SEM (Hitachi S-4800), TEM (FEI Tecnai G2 F20), XRD (Rigaku D/Max 2500 PC), FT-IR (Shimadzu IR Affinity-1S), XPS (Thermo Scientific K-Alpha), and a computer-controlled data logger for resistance measurement. Materials included sodium sulfide nonahydrate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, lead nitrate, sodium hydroxide, pyrrole, ammonium persulfate, PDDA, PSS, and deionized water.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
ZnO was synthesized hydrothermally at 120°C for 12 hours. PPy was polymerized by mixing APS and pyrrole solutions. The film was assembled on electrodes by immersing in PDDA/PSS, then ZnO/PPy suspensions for multiple cycles, followed by PbS deposition via SILAR with Pb(NO3)2 and Na2S solutions. Characterization involved SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, and EDS. Gas sensing was done by exposing the sensor to LPG and measuring resistance changes.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Sensor response was calculated as S(%)=(Rg-Ra)/Ra×100, where Rg and Ra are resistances in gas and air. Data were analyzed for response, repeatability, selectivity, and stability, with regression analysis for concentration-response relationship.
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Scanning Electron Microscopy
S-4800
Hitachi
To inspect the surface morphology of samples
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Transmission Electron Microscopy
Tecnai G2 F20
FEI
To examine nanostructures and perform HRTEM imaging
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X-ray Diffractometer
D/Max 2500 PC
Rigaku
To perform XRD characterization for crystal structure analysis
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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer
IR Affinity-1S
Shimadzu
To carry out FT-IR spectroscopy in KBr pellet mode
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X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer
K-Alpha
Thermo Scientific
To confirm element composition via XPS analysis
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Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy
S-4800 (integrated with SEM)
Hitachi
To examine elemental component with EDS
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Autoclave
For hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorods
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Computer-controlled Data Logger
To record sensor resistance during gas sensing experiments
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