研究目的
To prepare high-quality thulium iron garnet (TmIG) ceramics and investigate their spin transport properties in thin films for spintronic applications.
研究成果
High-quality TmIG bulk and films were successfully prepared, exhibiting excellent magnetic and spin transport properties. The results demonstrate the potential of TmIG as a spintronic material, with significant LSSE and SMR values comparable to established materials like YIG, providing new avenues for fundamental research and applications in spintronics.
研究不足
The study is limited to room temperature measurements for spin transport properties; low-temperature effects beyond 20 K were not fully explored. Interface quality between TmIG and Pt could be further optimized, and the sol-gel method may have scalability issues for large-scale production.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used the sol-gel method for bulk material preparation due to its superiority over solid-state reactions, and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) for film growth. Spin transport properties were investigated using longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) and spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) measurements.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Bulk samples were prepared from Tm and Fe nitrates with a Tm/Fe atomic ratio of 3/5. Films were deposited on (111)-oriented Gd3Ga5O12 substrates. Data were collected from magnetic and structural characterizations.
3：Films were deposited on (111)-oriented Gd3Ga5O12 substrates. Data were collected from magnetic and structural characterizations. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included a Quantum Design SQUID magnetometer, X-ray reflectivity (XRR) for thickness calibration, atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface morphology, Helmholtz coil for magnetic field, thermal resistors (Pt100) for temperature measurement, and ultrasonic bonding for electrode connections. Materials included Tm and Fe oxides/nitrates, citric acid, deionized water, Gd3Ga5O12 substrates, and platinum for sputtering.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
For bulk preparation, sol-gel involved dissolving nitrates, adding citric acid, heating to form gel, drying, grinding, pressing into targets, and sintering at various temperatures. For films, PLD was used with specific parameters (650°C, 1 Pa oxygen pressure, KrF laser). Spin transport measurements involved applying thermal gradients and magnetic fields, detecting voltages and resistances multiple times.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using fitting functions for LSSE (sine function) and SMR (cosine function), with error calculations based on multiple measurements. Magnetic properties were analyzed from hysteresis loops and temperature-dependent moments.
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SQUID magnetometer
Quantum Design
Quantum Design
Magnetic characterization over a temperature range of 5–300 K
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Pulsed laser deposition system
KrF coherent excimer laser
Coherent
Deposition of epitaxial films using a laser with specific parameters
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X-ray reflectivity
Calibration of film thicknesses
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Atomic force microscopy
Characterization of surface morphologies
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Helmholtz coil
Providing magnetic field (H) rotated in the plane of the sample surface
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Thermal resistor
Pt100
Used as a heater and thermometer for temperature measurement
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Magnetron sputtering system
Deposition of platinum layer on TmIG films
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